Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 12
Fear of falling and activities of daily living function: mediation effect of dual-task ability
- Authors:
- BRUSTIO Paolo R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 22(6), 2018, pp.856-861.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the association between fear of falling (FOF), dual-task ability during a mobility task, and the activities of daily living (ADL) in a sample of older adults. Methods: Seventy-six older adults (mean age M = 70.87 ± 5.16 years) participated in the study. Data on FOF (using the Falls Self-Efficacy Scale-International), walking ability during both single- and dual-task performances and ADL were collected. Results: Mediation analysis demonstrated the mediation effect of dual-task ability between FOF and ADL level. Moreover, significantly lower performances were observed during dual-task condition, and lower ADL levels were also found in older adults with. Conclusion: The study underlines the relationship between FOF, dual-task ability and ADL level. These results could be used to develop specific intervention programmes for successful ageing. (Edited publisher abstract)
Older adults, falls and technologies for independent living: a life space approach
- Authors:
- BAILEY Cathy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 31(5), July 2011, pp.829-848.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This paper aims to further understand routines which lead to falling in older adults, and how new technology might be used to provide unobtrusive support in independent living. A small study was conducted in Ireland with eight community-dwelling older adults with varying experiences of falls or fear-of-falls. Data were collected through weekly life-space diaries, daily-activity logs, two-dimensional house plans and a pedometer. Findings revealed that, for some participants, daily activities and movements led to potentially risky behaviour about which they had been unaware, which may have implications for falls-prevention advice, and technology design. Four key themes were also uncovered, which are discussed: being pragmatic; not just a faller; heightened awareness and blind spots; and working with technology. In conclusion, the study highlighted a need to think creatively about how technological and other solutions best fit with people's everyday challenges and needs.
Mediating effects of psychosocial factors on concerns about falling and daily activity in a multicomponent cognitive behavioral group intervention
- Authors:
- ZIJLSTRA G.A. Rixt, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 15(1), January 2011, pp.68-77.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study explored the mediating effects of psychosocial factors on concerns about falling and daily activity in a cognitive behavioural group intervention. Five hundred and forty older people, with concerns about falling and activity avoidance, participated in a randomised controlled trial evaluating this intervention. Control beliefs, self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, social interactions, and concerns about falling and daily activity were assessed at baseline, and at 2, 8, and 14 months. Moderate statistically significant effects of the intervention on the potential mediators were found at nearly all follow-up assessments. Separate psychosocial factors showed modest mediating effects on the outcomes. Overall, the multicomponent cognitive behavioural intervention improved control beliefs, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and social interactions. These variables mediated the association between the intervention and concerns about falling or daily activity in older people. The authors suggest that this study may enable further improvement and development of interventions to reduce concerns about falling for old people.
Health risk appraisal in older people 1: are older people living alone an 'at-risk' group?
- Authors:
- KHARICHA Kalpa, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of General Practice, 57(537), April 2007, pp.271-276.
- Publisher:
- Royal College of General Practitioners
In the UK, population screening for unmet need has failed to improve the health or older people. Attention is turning to interventions targeted at 'at-risk' groups. Living alone in later life is seen as a potential health risk. This study aimed to investigate the associations between lone status and health behaviours, health status, and service use in non-disabled older people. The study used secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomised controlled trial of health risk appraisal in older people. Sixty percent of 2,641 community-dwelling non-disabled people aged 65 years and over registered in four group practice in London agreed to participate in the study; 84% of these returned completed questionnaires. A third of this group (n=860, 33.1%) lived along and two-thirds (n=1,741, 66.9%) lived with someone else. Those living alone were more likely to reports fair to poor health, poor vision, difficulties in instrumental and basic activities of daily living, worse memory and mood, lower physical activity, poorer diet, risk of social isolation, hazardous alcohol use, having no emergency carer, and multiple falls in the previous 12 months. After adjustment for age, sex, income, and educational attainment, living alone remained associated with multiple falls, functional impairment, poor diet, smoking status, risk of social isolation, and three self-reported chronic conditions: arthritis and/or rheumatism, glaucoma, and cataracts. It is concluded that targeted population screening using lone status may be useful in identifying older individuals at high risk of falling.
Perceptions of older people in Ireland and Australia about the use of technology to address falls prevention
- Authors:
- MACKENZIE Lynette, CLIFFORD Amanda
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 40(2), 2020, pp.369-388.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Falls are common events with serious consequences for older people. With an ageing population and increasing health-care costs, information and communication technologies (ICT) will have a potential role in future health-care delivery. However, research on technology acceptance in health care for older people is limited and its application to falls prevention is unknown. The aims of this study were to explore and describe the perceptions of community-dwelling Australian and Irish older people about their current use of technology, and the potential use of technology for falls prevention. Qualitative data were collected from three focus groups conducted in and around Limerick in Ireland, and three in the Sydney area, Australia. A total of 35 older people participated. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Four themes emerged from the data: (a) perceptions of vulnerability to falls, (b) preferences for exercise interventions, (c) participation in and ownership of technology, and (d) perceptions about applications of technology for falls prevention. As the use of technology is an instrumental activity of daily living, health professionals need to assess the capacity of older people to adopt these technologies, and provide falls prevention interventions to accommodate the technology skills of older people. Some participants were reluctant to embrace technology and barriers to the effective use of technology to assist in preventing falls may conflict with future health service trends. (Publisher abstract)
Literature review on monitoring technologies and their outcomes in independently living elderly people
- Authors:
- PEETOOM Kirsten K.B., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 10(4), 2015, pp.271-294.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Purpose: To obtain insight into what kind of monitoring technologies exist to monitor activity in-home, what the characteristics and aims of applying these technologies are, what kind of research has been conducted on their effects and what kind of outcomes are reported. Methods: A systematic document search was conducted within the scientific databases Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO and Cinahl, complemented by Google Scholar. Documents were included in this review if they reported on monitoring technologies that detect activities of daily living (ADL) or significant events, e.g. falls, of elderly people in-home, with the aim of prolonging independent living. Results: Five main types of monitoring technologies were identified: PIR motion sensors, body-worn sensors, pressure sensors, video monitoring and sound recognition. In addition, multicomponent technologies and smart home technologies were identified. Research into the use of monitoring technologies is widespread, but in its infancy, consisting mainly of small-scale studies and including few longitudinal studies. Conclusions: Monitoring technology is a promising field, with applications to the long-term care of elderly persons. However, monitoring technologies have to be brought to the next level, with longitudinal studies that evaluate their (cost-) effectiveness to demonstrate the potential to prolong independent living of elderly persons. (Publisher abstract)
Risk factors of falls in community-dwelling older adults: logistic regression tree analysis
- Authors:
- YAMASHITA Takashi, NOE Douglas A., BAILER A. John
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 52(6), December 2012, pp.822-832.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The authors applied a novel logistic regression tree-based method to identify fall risk factors and possible interactions among them. A nationally representative sample of American adults aged 65 years and over (n = 9,592) in the Health and Retirement Study 2004 and 2006 modules was used. Logistic Tree with Unbiased Selection, a computer algorithm for tree-based modelling, recursively split the entire group in the data set into mutually exclusive subgroups and fitted a logistic regression model in each subgroup to generate a tree diagram. Older adults with; a fall history, no activities of daily living (ADL) limitation, at least one instrumental activity of daily living limitation, or fall histories and at least one ADL limitation were at highest risk of falls. The best predictor of falls varied within each subgroup. The authors conclude that the use of tree-based methods may provide useful information for intervention program design and resource allocation targeting subpopulations of older adults at risk of falls.
Caring for someone in their own home: a handbook for friends and family
- Author:
- HOWARD Helen
- Publisher:
- Age Concern
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 280p.
- Place of publication:
- London
One in eight people in Britain is now a carer. This helpful book is packed with practical information about dealing with the everyday business of caring for someone, usually an older person, in their own home, from medication to moving and handling someone without damaging one's back. Chapters include: daily essentials, coping with a crisis, dealing with the health and social care system, meeting carer's own needs, and what to do if someone dies. There is also a useful section on lifting, supporting, turning, lowering, and generally handling a person properly to minimise the risk of damage. There is advice on mobility, equipment, taking medicines, exercise, finances, coming out of hospital, care homes, and learning to say no.
Determining the effectiveness of a falls prevention programme to enhance quality of life: an occupational therapy perspective
- Authors:
- TOLLEY Louise, ATWAL Anita
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66(6), June 2003, pp.269-276.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Falling are common in older people and are associated with mortality, decreased mobility, premature nursing home admissions and a reduced ability to perform activities of daily living. In an attempt to reduce the incidence of falls, the National Service Framework for Older People has emphasised the need to develop falls services that provide support for older people who have fallen and use health promotion initiatives. This article reports the findings of an evaluation of a multifaceted falls prevention programme, which aimed to determine whether occupational therapy could enhance quality of life by educating people aged 65 years and over about the risk of falls. A pre-intervention and post-intervention non-standardised self-administered questionnaire was completed at week 1 and at week 14. Of the 172 older people attending the falls prevention programme, 45 percent completed both questionnaires. The findings from this study suggest that an occupational therapy falls prevention programme can reduce the impact of falls on older people by enhancing confidence to perform activities, which in turn can increase quality of life. However, further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of anxiety management techniques.
Integrated care for older people: guidelines on community-level interventions to manage declines in intrinsic capacity
- Author:
- WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
- Publisher:
- World Health Organization
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 60
- Place of publication:
- Geneva
Evidence-based guidance to health care providers on community interventions to detect and manage the declining physical and mental capacity of older people, and to deliver interventions in support of caregivers. The recommendations can act as the basis for national guidelines. They will require countries to place the needs and preferences of older adults at the centre, using a person-centred and integrated approach. The guidelines are organised into three modules: Module I - Declines in intrinsic capacity, including mobility loss, malnutrition, visual impairment and hearing loss, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms; Module II - Geriatric syndromes associated with care dependency, including urinary incontinence and risk of falls; Module III - Caregiver support: interventions to support caregiving and prevent caregiver strain. The conditions were selected because they express reductions in physical and mental capacities and are strong independent predictors of mortality and care dependency in older age. (Edited publisher abstract)