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Resilience protective factors in an older adult population: a qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis
- Authors:
- BOLTON Kristin W., PRAETORIUS Regina T., SMITH-OSBORNE Alexa
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Research, 40(3), 2016, pp.171-182.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Resilience is conceptualized as a dynamic process that leads to positive outcomes in the face of adversity. The resilience process consists of the activation and interaction of protective and vulnerability factors after encountering adversity. The present study seeks to integrate and synthesize the findings of existing qualitative studies premised in highlighting and exploring the protective factors associated with resilience in an older adult population through the systematic process of qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis. Results revealed nine distinct protective factors: (1) external connections, (2) meaningfulness, (3) previous experience with hardship, (4) grit, (5) self-care, (6) self-acceptance, (7) positive perspective on life, (8) independence, and (9) altruism. Findings offer researchers and practitioners a greater understanding of the protective factors associated with resilience among older adults and contribute to the advancement of resilience theory. (Publisher abstract)
Exploring the personal and environmental factors related to length of stay in assisted living
- Author:
- FIELDS Noelle L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 59(3), 2016, pp.205-221.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study explored to what extent personal and environmental factors, as defined by the ecological model of aging, help us to understand length of stay in assisted living (AL). A convenience sample (N = 218) of administrative records of AL residents admitted between the years 2006 and 2011 was collected and included AL residents' demographic and healthcare information as well as dates of admission and discharge. Cox regression was used to determine which personal and environmental factors influenced length of stay in three AL programs. Number of medical diagnoses, level of care score, and facility were found to be significant predictors of length of stay. The analyses identified a median survival time of 32 months as well as critical periods for discharge from AL. Implications for future research and social work practice are presented. (Publisher abstract)
Prison experiences and psychological distress among older inmates
- Authors:
- BAIDAWI Susan, TROTTER Christopher, FLYNN Catherine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 59(3), 2016, pp.252-270.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study investigates relationships between older prisoners’ social experiences and their levels of distress. One hundred and seventy-three older prisoners (aged ≥ 50 years) from 8 Australian prisons were administered the Kessler Psychological Distress (K10) Scale, with additional information collected via individual interviews. Psychological distress scores were significantly associated with measures of self-reported safety, prison victimisation, perceived social support from staff and inmates, current employment, and level of exercise among older inmates. Findings suggest that strategies for improving sense of safety, social support and level of exercise may ameliorate distress among older prisoners. (Edited publisher abstract)
New approaches to understanding dementia
- Author:
- GINESI Laura
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 112(25), 2016, pp.16-19.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
Improving understanding of brain disorders is likely to be one of the core aims of physiological research in the 21st century. This article, the second in a four-part series, looks at the main types of dementia and explores emerging theories about how the condition develops. These theories are improving understanding of the neuro-degeneration that characterises the most common forms of dementia, and will help improve care for those living with dementia. (Publisher abstract)
Housing our ageing population: positive ideas. HAPPI 3: making retirement living a positive choice
- Authors:
- BEST Richard, ALL PARTY PARLIAMENTARY GROUP ON HOUSING AND CARE FOR OLDER PEOPLE
- Publisher:
- Housing Learning and Improvement Network
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 7507
- Place of publication:
- Birmingham
Explores how older people can be given more control over the management and delivery of services and access to a wider range of housing choices. In particular, to ensure that they can: be as independent as they want to be; feel part of a community and choose how and when to they want to engage; stay connected with their social or other support networks, including through the use of technology, preventing isolation and loneliness; have a clear understanding of purchase, shared ownership or rental prices so that they can make informed decisions about what they can afford to buy and/or rent; and have greater clarity and certainty over service charges and associated property costs/management fees so that they retain more control and can plan their finances effectively. The report recognises that some of the factors that can impede older people 'rightsizing' - such as emotional ties to a home or community - are difficult to overcome. However, it says that measures to make moving easier, to build specialist 'care ready' housing where people want it and to address the sector's lingering negative image will encourage more people to move while still fit and healthy. Having taken evidence from a range of experts and stakeholders, the report also calls on local authorities to recognise the social and economic benefits of right-sizing in their local plans and planning policies. House builders and lenders, the report says, should do more to support people looking to move to more appropriate housing by developing clear and transparent information around fees and other costs that offer greater choice and control. (Edited publisher abstract)
Task-switching ability protects against the adverse effects of pain on health: a longitudinal study of older adults
- Authors:
- BOGGERO Ian A., EISENLOHR-MOUL Tory, SEGERSTROM Suzanne C.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Health Psychology, 21(2), 2016, pp.434-450.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: Ageing is often accompanied by increases in pain, which may threaten physical health. Successfully managing increased pain requires the ability to switch attention away from the pain and towards adaptive health cognitions and behaviours. However, no study to date has tested how pain interacts with task-switching ability to predict future health in older adults. Additionally, no study has tested whether objective (i.e., task-switching performance) or subjective measures of cognitive ability have a stronger impact on future health. Design/Methods: The current study tested these interactions in community-dwelling older adults. Participants included 150 older adults who provided pain, task-switching ability, subjective cognitive functioning, and health data every 6 months for up to 5 years. Results: Multilevel modelling was used to analyse the data, yielding gammas (γ) analogous to unstandardized beta weights in regression. A significant interaction between task-switching and pain indicated that when task-switching ability was lower than usual, higher-than-usual pain predicted poorer health at the following wave. When task-switching ability was higher than usual, there was no effect of pain on health. No significant interaction was found for subjective cognitive functioning. Conclusions: Objective task-switching ability, but not subjective cognitive functioning, may have health-protective effects when older adults experience increases in pain. (Edited publisher abstract)
Friends in old Age
- Author:
- EDWARD Joyce
- Journal article citation:
- Clinical Social Work Journal, 44(2), 2016, pp.198-203.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
Psychoanalysis has long recognized the vital role that relationships between people play in human development and in the maintenance of sense of well being throughout life. As people age old friends are lost, never to be replaced, making the ability to form and maintain additional friendships as well as the opportunity to do so critical in the life of the elderly. This paper considers the roles that friends play in old age, the developmental achievements that contribute to the capacity for friendship, some of the factors that may impede doing so, and finally the ways in which psychoanalytic treatment may foster an individual’s ability to be a friend and make friends. (Edited publisher abstract)
Retirement housing 2016
- Authors:
- GILMORE Grainne, et al
- Publisher:
- Knight Frank
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 6
- Place of publication:
- London
Examines the demand and supply for purpose-built housing for older people across the UK. It includes an analysis of the equity release potential of downsizing, as well as highlighting the planning landscape for the retirement housing sector. It is estimated that by 2039, one in 12 people will be aged 80 or over. The report reveals that just 3 per cent of new-build units in the pipeline or currently under construction are designated ‘elderly’ or ‘sheltered’ housing. It argues that supply of retirement housing needs to increase five-fold while downsizing to a home with one less bedroom will release around £52,000 in equity on average across England and Wales, with large regional variations. The report outlines the current demographic trends and the impact of an ageing population, the role of housing and the supply side of the housing market, and how the policy framework should address the lack of housing for older people. (Edited publisher abstract)
Beyond successful and active ageing: a theory of model ageing
- Author:
- TIMONEN Virpi
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 132
- Place of publication:
- Bristol
This book argues that concepts such as ‘successful’ and ‘active’ ageing - ubiquitous terms in research, marketing and policy making concerned with older adults – are potentially dangerous paradigms that reflect and exacerbate inequalities in older populations. The author presents a new theory to make sense of the popularity of these ‘successful’ and ‘active’ ageing concepts. Readers are invited to view them through the prism of Model Ageing – a theory that throws light on the causes and consequences of attempts to model ageing as a phenomenon and stage of life that is in need of direction, reshaping and control. (Edited publisher abstract)
Reminiscence triggers in community-dwelling older adults in Japan
- Authors:
- HANAOKA Hideaki, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(4), 2016, pp.220-227.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Introduction: Visual and auditory cues have been highlighted as methods to trigger reminiscences; however, the basis of this practice remains unclear. Here the authors conducted a preliminary cross-sectional study to identify reminiscence cues and their scientific basis by investigating the relationship between reminiscences in elderly people and their reminiscence cues. Method: The participants were 126 older adults aged 65 years or over. They were asked about the experiences of reminiscences in response to stimuli such as photographs, music, or smells. Data on the frequency and quality of reminiscences were collected. Geriatric depression scale and simple personality test for the elderly were assessed. Results: A multiple regression analysis revealed that reminiscences tended to be more frequent in older and less sociable participants. Highly sociable participants with reminiscences in response to olfactory stimuli tended to have positive reminiscences, while participants with less sociability and past unresolved issues tended to have negative reminiscences. Conclusion: To understand the process of reminiscence in an older person, it is important to consider the person’s age, personality characteristics, and past unresolved issues. In addition, olfactory stimuli may also evoke pleasant reminiscences. (Edited publisher abstract)