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Development and validation of an instrument to detect depression in nursing homes. Nursing homes short depression inventory
- Authors:
- PRADO-JEAN Annie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(8), August 2011, pp.853-859.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Symptoms of depression are often missed in older nursing home residents because they may be dismissed as an inevitable consequence of ageing. This paper describes the construction of an instrument (NH-SDI) to detect depression in older nursing home residents. Three hundred and twenty eight older people were selected at random from 17 nursing homes in France, and examined by a single investigator. The examination included a psychiatric assessment, an evaluation of cognitive function, an evaluation of depressive state using four different instruments, and assessment of any changes in behaviour in those suffering from dementia. A scale of 16 dichotomous items (NH-SDI) was created. The internal consistency was satisfactory, as was its reliability with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 87% for a cut-off score above 5. The authors concluded that the NH-SDI appeared to be a useful instrument for the detection of depression in nursing homes and could easily be used by staff as part of routine procedures.
Social cognitive determinants of physical activity among retired older individuals: an application of the health action process approach
- Authors:
- CAUDROIT Johan, STEPHAN Yannick, LESCANFF Christine
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Health Psychology, 16(2), May 2011, pp.404-417.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The health action process approach (HAPA) has proved to be a valid framework for the prediction of physical activity among both middle-aged and older adults in rehabilitation and work settings. The HAPA distinguishes between a pre-intentional motivational phase and a subsequent post-intentional volition phase in which the intention is translated into behaviour. It suggests that coping self-efficacy is a crucial construct in this second phase. There is currently little information on the predictive value of HAPA among older adults in their retirement years. This 6-month prospective study involved retired older individuals (n=120, age 53-83, mean 65.38 years) who were members of a university-based organisation in France. They were surveyed for risk perception, action self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and physical intention at baseline and planning, coping self-efficacy, and physical activity 6 months later. Path analyses revealed that, in the motivational phase, action self-efficacy and risk perception, but not outcome expectancies, were positively related to activity intention. In the volitional phase, intention and coping self-efficacy, but not planning, were positive predictors of physical activity behaviour. The authors conclude that HAPA is a useful framework for the understanding of the social cognitive processes underlying this physical activity behaviour in older retired adults.
Dependency care in the EU: a comparative analysis
- Author:
- KAMETTE Florence
- Publisher:
- Fondation Robert Schuman
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 9p.
- Place of publication:
- Paris
The ageing population together with the collapse of family solidarity means that managing old age dependency is a problem common to all European countries. In France, reform of the ‘personalised autonomy allowance’ (APA) currently being paid to the dependent elderly is under debate. This policy paper analyses the way that 6 European Member States address the problem of old age dependency to provide an illustration of various possible solutions. These 6 countries, Germany, England, Denmark, Spain, Italy and the Netherlands have been selected because their social protection systems are inspired differently and offer more or less generous types of cover. Germany and Spain have introduced specific, all-encompassing measures to manage dependency, unlike Denmark where local social security payments have gradually developed to cope with the requirements of an ageing population. England, Italy and the Netherlands distinguish between care and other services which are required by increasingly dependent people, the former depend on the healthcare system and the latter are provided for by the local authorities.
A comparative analysis of personalisation: balancing an ethic of care with user empowerment
- Author:
- RUMMERY Kirstein
- Journal article citation:
- Ethics and Social Welfare, 5(2), June 2011, pp.138-152.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Abingdon
Modern developments in care and support delivery for disabled and older people have led to the expansion of personalisation schemes, where money is paid in substitute for care and support. Although the schemes have been evaluated within their own national contexts, little work has been done so far to explore the theoretical implications of their development and extension, particularly from an ethics of care perspective. This paper fills that gap by drawing on comparative evidence from several schemes across different nations to develop an analysis which draws on feminist theory and an ethics of care approach to examine: the gendered policy outcomes and impact of such schemes; a feminist analysis of the governance implications of personalisation; the implications for the gendered division of work, particularly between paid and unpaid care work and between different groups of paid and unpaid carers; an ethics of care analysis of the impact of personalisation over the lifecourse of disabled and older people, and carers; and a discussion of the relationship between commodification, empowerment, citizenship and choice drawing on the work of care ethicists.
The implementation of elder-care in France and Sweden: a macro and micro perspective
- Authors:
- JÖNSSON Ingrid, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 31(4), May 2011, pp.625-644.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This paper presents results from a comparative project in France and Sweden to study access to social care when older persons become dependent. The aim of the study was to study the entrance into dependence as a process, looking at how the need of help and support over time is attended to and by whom. The paper starts with an overview of elder-care at the institutional level in the 2 countries. The study comprised interviews with older people in each country: 10 single people and 6 couples in Sweden; and 12 singles, 7 couples, and 2 sisters living together in France. Interviews were also held with a small number of administrators and adult children. The focus was to identify ways of co-operation between actors, such as public eldercare providers, family members, and help provided by profit and non-profit organisations. The results shed light on how policies are implemented on the local level and put the focus on who actually does what and when for older persons with care needs. The different roles played by the state, the family, the market and civil society are examined. Family members in France take on a more active role both as co-ordinators of care and as actual caregivers. The study shows that gender and social class remain associated with caring but that such differences are much larger in France than in Sweden.
Ageing and health status in adults with intellectual disabilities: results of the European Pomona II study
- Authors:
- HAVEMAN Meindert, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 36(1), March 2011, pp.49-60.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
POMONA II was a European Commission funded public health project collecting information from 14 countries using a set of key health indicators specifically relevant for people with intellectual disabilities. This research focused on age-specific differences relating to environmental and lifestyle factors and the 17 medical conditions measured by the POMONA Checklist of Health Indicators. The article describes how information was collected using the POMONA Health Interview Survey and Evaluation Form from a sample of 1,253 participants in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. It then presents the results of the analysis, with tables showing characteristics of people with intellectual disabilities in the study, frequency of social contacts with relatives or friends according to age, lifestyle risk factors in people with intellectual disabilities according to age, and general and age-specific prevalence rates of health problems. The authors discuss how healthy older adults with intellectual disabilities are with regard to lifestyle factors, and whether there are health disparities between older adults with and without intellectual disabilities. They note that some evidence of health disparities was found for older people with intellectual disabilities, particularly in terms of under diagnosed or inadequately managed preventable health conditions.