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Gender differences in coping with functional disability in older married couples: the role of personality and social resources
- Authors:
- ROBB Claire, SMALL Brent, HALEY William E.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 12(4), July 2008, pp.423-433.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The present study examines the impact of functional disability on subjective well-being (SWB) and the moderating effects of personal resources on a sample of 144 community-dwelling, older adult couples age 60-84 years in the US, with emphasis on gender differences in both direct and moderating effects. Functional disability in self and in the spouse was associated with poorer well-being in both men and women, but differences were found by gender in the effects of coping resources. While high neuroticism was associated with poorer well-being for both husbands and wives, extraversion and social support had unique benefits in enhancing well-being only in husbands. Husbands were more introverted, and had fewer social resources, and individual differences in social resources may be more critical for older husbands. Results are interpreted in terms of gender differences in coping and their implications for interventions to enhance well-being in older adults.
Racial differences in hospice use and in-hospital death among Medicare and Medicaid dual-eligible nursing home residents
- Authors:
- KWAK Jung, HALEY William E., CHIRIBOGA David A.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 48(1), February 2008, pp.32-41.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This follow-back cohort study examined factors associated with hospice use and in-hospital death among non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White dual-eligible nursing home residents (N = 30,765) who died in Florida during one of three years: 2000, 2001, or 2002. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors of hospice use and in-hospital death. After controlling for other factors, Black residents were significantly less likely to use hospice and more likely to die in a hospital. Principal cause of death moderated the relationship between race and hospice use: Black residents were significantly less likely to use hospice than White residents among residents without cancer as principal cause of death, but there was no difference among residents with cancer as cause of death. Further analyses for each racial group revealed that the impact of cause of death in predicting hospice use was greater among Black residents than White residents. Future research and outreach efforts should focus on developing culturally sensitive, disease-focused end-of-life education and communication interventions that target residents, families, nursing home providers, and physicians.