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Palliative care: the solid facts
- Editors:
- DAVIES Elizabeth, HIGGINSON Irene J., (eds.)
- Publisher:
- World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 32p.
- Place of publication:
- Copenhagen
The purpose of this booklet, intended mainly for decision makers and health professionals at all levels, is to provide a concise overview of the best available evidence on the concept of palliative care and related services. It expresses a European viewpoint. Drawing mainly on evidence from a systematic review of scientific evidence from Europe and North America, it discusses: why changes in populations make care towards the end of life a public health issue, the emerging needs for care towards the end of life, what palliative care is, the importance of individual rights, preferences and options, the evidence for effective palliative care, and the need to ensure access to palliative care for vulnerable groups. It also looks at how to develop programmes to improve the quality of palliative care, how to improve education and training in palliative care for health professionals, the need to increase public awareness of palliative care issues and options, and the kind of research and development on palliative care that will help policy makers. A separate companion booklet, Better palliative care for older people, considers the care of older people.
Engaging older people in reviewing the influence of service users on the quality and delivery of social care services
- Authors:
- LAW Stella, JANZON Karin
- Journal article citation:
- Research Policy and Planning, 22(2), 2004, pp.59-63.
- Publisher:
- Social Services Research Group
This paper summarises the results of a research review commissioned by the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE) to explore the influence of older service users in shaping social care services. A key dimension of the review was the active involvement of two reference groups for older people. The central question of the review was how the involvement of older people has succeeded in promoting change and enhancing quality in social care services. The main conclusion is that, while involvement has resulted in considerable knowledge development, this understanding has yet to percolate into the delivery of mainstream social care.
Readmissions - an evaluation of reasons for unplanned readmissions of older people: a United Kingdom and international studies literature review
- Author:
- DOBRZANSKA Linda
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 5(4), December 2004, pp.20-28.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
A literature review study used to research the causes for unplanned readmissions of older patients. The evidence was produced using a wide geographic of sources from electronic databases dated 1990-2003. In total, 92 articles were identified. From these, 83 papers were selected which met the inclusion criteria and corresponded to the aims of the review. The author found that many international studies were inconsistent in their approach to defining terms. Yet despite this, in the United Kingdom researchers generally agreed that the reason for the majority of readmissions was a result of a relapse or complication of an initial illness. Furthermore, Amercian studies reveal that the readmission of older patients is caused by a specific disease and the antecedent care process.
Home health care utilization: a review of the research for social work
- Author:
- KADUSHIN Goldie
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Work, 29(3), August 2004, pp.219-244.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Presents a literature review to identify the variables associated with home health care utilisation using the Andersen-Newman model as a framework for analysis. Sixty-four studies published 1985-2000 were identified through PUBMED, Sociofile and PsycINFO databases. Home health care was defined as in-home skilled nursing, homemaker, mobile meals, home health aid, physical therapy, or social work services. Indicates that the client most likely to use home health care is elderly, has a high number of ADL/IADL impairments, lives alone, has a low level of informal support, and has Medicaid coverage. In the presence of informal support or when care recipients live with others, the initiation of formal services may be delayed until physical impairment is severe or caregiver burden is high. Implications for social work practice and research are discussed.
Literature and policy review for the Joint Inquiry into Mental Health and Well-Being in Later Life; executive summary
- Authors:
- SEYMOUR Linda, GALE Elizabeth
- Publisher:
- Mentality
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 11p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This research has drawn on systematic reviews, meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials, as well as on qualitative research that in the main uses narrative methods to report on findings. The data presented are only a partial answer to ‘what works’ with respect to the promotion of mental health in later life. It is important to note that if this review has uncovered no evidence to support a certain intervention or programme or approach, it does not mean there is no evidence available, only that there is no published evidence to support it.
Literature and policy review of the Joint Inquiry into Mental Health and Well-Being in Later Life
- Authors:
- SEYMOUR Linda, GALE Elizabeth
- Publisher:
- Mentality
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 124p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This research has drawn on systematic reviews, meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials, as well as on qualitative research that in the main uses narrative methods to report on findings. The data presented are only a partial answer to ‘what works’ with respect to the promotion of mental health in later life. It is important to note that if this review has uncovered no evidence to support a certain intervention or programme or approach, it does not mean there is no evidence available, only that there is no published evidence to support it.
Respite care and short breaks: what works and at what cost?
- Authors:
- ARKSEY Hilary, WEATHERLY Helen
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dementia Care, 12(5), September 2004, pp.33-37.
- Publisher:
- Hawker
Reviews the research evidence on whether carers of people with dementia gain more support from respite care and short breaks or other services, commenting on its limitations, given the wide range covered. Describes day care, in-home and , institutional/overnight services and multi-dimensional carer support. Literature review research methods are described and key messages listed.
Screening for alcohol abuse and dependence in older people using DSM criteria: a review
- Authors:
- BEULLENS J., AERTGEERTS B.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 8(1), January 2004, pp.76-82.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Alcohol abuse and dependence in older people are important problems, which frequently remain undetected by health services. Therefore, screening instruments for alcohol abuse and dependence in elderly people would be useful in clinical practice. To assess the quality of screening instruments we performed a literature search in Medline (1966-2002) and PsycINFO (1967-2002). Seven research reports were found. The MAST-G and especially the CAGE appear appropriate. The two questions of Cyr and Wartman, AUDIT and the MAST do not appear appropriate in screening for alcohol abuse and dependence in elderly people in a clinical environment.
Has service user participation made a difference to social care services?
- Authors:
- SOCIAL CARE INSTITUTE FOR EXCELLENCE, CARR Sarah
- Publisher:
- Social Care Institute for Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 31p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This paper brings together the key themes and findings from the synthesis of six literature reviews on the impact of user participation on change and improvement in social care services. Reviews on older people, children and young people, people with learning difficulties and disabled people were commissioned by the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE). Reviews on mental health service user participation and on general user/ consumer involvement were commissioned by NHS Service Delivery and Organisation Research and Development Programme. The aim of this work is to give an overview or synthesis of these reviews in order to provide a comprehensive, accessible account of what is currently known about the impact of service user participation on change and improvement in social care services. It will also provide a basis for SCIE Practice guides on service user participation.
Evidenced-based treatment for older adults
- Authors:
- CUMMINGS Sherry M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 1(4), 2004, pp.53-81.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article reviews the outcomes research literature related to individual and group treatments for older adults and their familial caregivers. Empirically based research studies published between 1985 and the present were examined for this review. Results indicate an emerging evidence base of efficacious psychosocial interventions for older individuals and their families. Most consistent support was found for treatments employing cognitive-behavioral, problem-solving, and reminiscence therapies. Many gaps do exist in the literature, however, and replication studies are needed. Implications are discussed.