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A multivariate examination of explanations for the occurrence of elder abuse
- Authors:
- LITWIN Howard, ZOABI Sameer
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Research, 28(3), September 2004, pp.133-142.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Aims to determine the relative strength of 4 major explanations for the rise of elder abuse among a population in transition from traditional to modern culture. Compared a sample of 120 abused elderly Arab Israelis with a control group of 120 nonabused older adults from the same background. Abuse status outcome was regressed in a hierarchical logistic procedure on indicators of sociodemographic status, dependency, modernisation, and social integration. Results underscored the multiple explanations for elder abuse in the study population and the predominance of the combined factors of modernisation and social integration.
Social networks, ethnicity and public home-care utilisation
- Author:
- LITWIN Howard
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 24(6), November 2004, pp.921-939.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This article examines the relationships between support networks, ethnicity and the utilisation of formal care services, taking into account background characteristics and functional health status among 3,403 older people in Israel. Data were drawn from a national survey in 1997 of people aged 60 or more years. The outcome variable was the use of publicly-financed personal care or homemaking services. About 15 per cent of the study population made use of such home care. Six informal support network constellations were identified by applying cluster analysis to key criterion variables that reflect the inter-personal milieu. The resultant network types were: community-clan, family-focused, diverse, friend-focused, neighbour-focused, and restricted networks. Binary logistic regression revealed that the use of formal home-care services was significantly associated with a respondent's age, gender, functional level and informal support network type (Nagelkerke R2=0.39). No association was found between home-care utilisation and a respondent's ethnicity (Arab, Jew, and new Russian immigrant), income or education. The results show that publicly-financed formal care services were utilised more frequently by older-old persons, women, functionally impaired individuals and people embedded in the neighbour-focused and restricted networks (and to a lesser degree, in the diverse and friend-focused networks). Neighbour-focused and restricted network types were characterised by fewer informal support resources at their disposal than the other types. Thus, formal home care was sought more often in cases in which the informal sources of support had less capacity to provide ongoing informal care.