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The Challenging Behaviour Scale (CBS): development of a scale for staff caring for older people in residential and nursing homes
- Authors:
- MONIZ-COOK Esme, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(3), September 2001, pp.309-322.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A review of behaviourial rating scales identified the need for a measure of resident behaviours that staff in care for older people find difficult to manage. A 25-item, broad-based rating scale, the Challenging Behaviour Scale (CBS), was developed to meet this need and its psychometric properties were examined. Results found the scale was able to record staff reports of the incidence, frequency and 'management difficulty' of resident behaviour and also identify 'challenging residents through a computed score. Concludes that the CBS is quick to complete and may have potential for evaluation of psychosocial interventions in care settings. Suggestions for improvements in criterion and content validity are outlined.
Functional analysis of challenging behaviour in dementia: the role of superstition
- Authors:
- MONIZ-COOK Esme, WOODS Robert T., RICHARDS Kate
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(1), January 2001, pp.45-56.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There is little research on non-pharmacological methods of management. This study aims to add to the small literature in this area, by examining the meaning of behaviour for a given resident, within a functional analytic experimental framework. The study involved a systematic manipulation of specific trigger situations to evaluate their influence on challenging behaviour, using a single case experimental design. Five residents with agitated and aggressive behaviour were successfully managed. The difficulties in engaging staff in the use of non-pharmacological, rather than pharmacological, methods and the scope for future randomised trials using psychological and environmental interventions to manage challenging behaviour, are discussed.