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Predicting the onset of major depressive disorder and dysthymia in older adults with subthreshold depression: a community based study
- Authors:
- CUIJPERS Pim, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(9), September 2006, pp.811-818.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
It is well-established that the incidence of major depressive disorder is increased in subjects with subthreshold depression. A new research area focuses on the possibilities of preventing the onset of major depressive disorders in subjects with subthreshold depression. An important research question for this research area is which subjects with subthreshold depression will develop a full-blown depressive disorder and which will not. We selected 154 older subjects with subthreshold depression (CES-D > 16) but no DSM mood disorder from a longitudinal study among a large population based cohort aged between 55 and 85 years in The Netherlands. Of these subjects, 31 (20.1%) developed a mood disorder (major depression and/or dysthymia) at three-year or six-year follow-up. We examined risk factors and individual symptoms of mood disorder as predictors of onset of mood disorder. Two variables were found to be significant predictors in both bivariate and multivariate analyses: eating problems and sleep problems. The incidence of mood disorders differed strongly for different subpopulations, varying from 9% (for those not having any of the two risk factors) to 57% (for those having both risk factors). It appears to be possible to predict to a certain degree whether a subject with subthreshold depression will develop a mood disorder during the following years.
Psychological outreach programmes for the depressed elderly: a meta-analysis of effects and dropout
- Author:
- CUIJPERS Pim
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(1), January 1998, pp.41-48.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Utilisation of psychiatric services in the Netherlands by depressed elderly is low compared to younger adults. Outreach programmes in which treatment is actively offered to depressed elderly in the community can be used to improve access of these elderly to mental health care. Reports on a meta-analysis which was carried out to study the effectiveness of these outreach programmes.
Psychological treatment of late-life depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Authors:
- CUIJPERS Pim, VAN STRATEN Annemieke, SMIT Filip
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(12), December 2006, pp.1139-1149.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Older meta-analyses of the effects of psychological treatments for depression in older adults have found that these treatments have large effects. However, these earlier meta-analyses also included non-randomized studies, and did not include newer high-quality randomized controlled trials. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of randomized studies on psychological treatments for depression in older adults. Twenty-five studies were included, of which 17 compared a psychological intervention to a control condition (mainly waiting list and care-as-usual control groups). The quality of the included studies varied. Psychological treatments have moderate to large effects on depression in older adults (standardized mean effect size d = 0.72). Heterogeneity was very low. No differences were found between individual, group or bibliotherapy format, or between cognitive behavioural therapy and other types of psychological treatment. The effects were comparable in studies where depression was defined according to diagnostic criteria, and those in which depression was measured with self rating questionnaires. Although the quality of many studies was not optimal, the results of this meta-analysis support.
Mortality and depressive symptoms in inhabitants of residential homes
- Author:
- CUIJPERS Pim
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(2), February 2001, pp.131-138.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
It has been hypothesised that there is a relationship between depression and mortality rate. This study examines the association between depressive symptoms and mortality in the inhabitants of ten residential homes for the elderly in the Netherlands. Four hundred and twenty-four subjects who were not cognitively impaired were included in the study. Results of the study found no evidence for a significant relationship between depression and mortality. Mortality was related to measures of social support, to activities of daily living, and to the presence of chronic non-specific lung disease.
Secondary prevention of depressive symptoms in elderly inhabitants of residential homes
- Authors:
- CUIJPERS Pim, van LAMMEREN Paula
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(7), July 2001, pp.702-708.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The effects of a multifaceted secondary prevention intervention in residential homes in the Netherlands were examined, using a quasi-experimental design. In five experimental residential homes, the caregivers received three training sessions on detecting depression and on supporting depressed residents. Furthermore, an information session was organised for all personnel, a further session was organised for residents and their relatives, and several group interventions were offered. 213 residents participated in the study. The results suggest that general approaches aimed at a residential home are capable of influencing depressive symptoms in inhabitants.