Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 6 of 6
Effect of community-based intervention using depression screening on elderly suicide risk: a meta-analysis of the evidence from Japan
- Authors:
- OYAMA Hirofumi, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 44(5), October 2008, pp.311-320.
- Publisher:
- Springer
A systematic review was undertaken to quantify the effect of community-based depression screening (CDS) with follow-up on the completed suicide risk for residents aged 65 and over. Five quasi-experimental studies in Japanese regions with high suicide rates were included in the meta-analysis. Combined incidence rate ratios (95% confidence intervals) by the Mantel–Haenszel method and by the DerSimonian–Laird method in two homogenous studies implementing the follow-up conducted by psychiatrists were 0.30 (0.13–0.68) and 0.33 (0.14–0.80) in men, and 0.33 (0.19–0.58) and 0.33 (0.19–0.60) in women, respectively; and those in three homogenous studies implementing the follow-up conducted by general practitioners were 0.73 (0.45–1.18) and 0.74 (0.45–1.23) in men, and 0.36 (0.21–0.60) and 0.39 (0.22–0.66) in women, respectively. There are very few studies included, however, to demonstrate an association between CDS and the reduced risk, suggesting gender difference in the effectiveness.
The enigma of Japanese ageing-in-place practice in the information age: does digital gadget help the (good) practice for inter-generation care?
- Author:
- LAI On-Kwok
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing International, 32(3), September 2008, pp.236-255.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
Against the background of Japanese demographic transition towards a very aged one, the socio-familial reluctance for ageing-in-institutions, and the limited (already the inadequacy of) institutional care, ageing-in-place is both the socio-familial desirable and the policy solution. This paper examines the coping strategies of Japanese society, in the shortage of caring services, with socio-techno innovations derived from information and communication technologies (ICT), towards ageing-in-place. It examines and discusses the socio-familial-spatial (social networking, location and place) relevance of mobile communication, emphasizing the use of ICT and mobile communication by/with/for ageing population, for realizing the benefits of ageing-in-place. It especially considers elderly and their families, in the need for socially and geo-spatially fixed anchors (the essence of ageing-in-place), despite (or perhaps because of) the ‘mobility’ through ICT.
A longitudinal study of coping and burnout among Japanese family caregivers of frail elders
- Author:
- OKABAYASHI Hideki
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 12(4), July 2008, pp.434-443.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The purpose of this study is to clarify causal relations between coping strategies and burnout in family caregivers of frail elders in Japan. Baseline and 1-year follow-up interviews were conducted with 546 caregivers living in suburban Tokyo. Using newly refined measures, five coping strategies of caregivers (Keeping Their Own Pace, Positive Acceptance of Caregiving Role, Diversion, Informal Support Seeking, and Formal Support Seeking), and caregiver burnout were measured, as well as several confounding factors. After controlling for these confounding factors, results of cross-lagged effects modelling showed that adoption of a Diversion coping strategy decreased caregiver burnout, while increases in burnout decreased caregiver Positive Acceptance of Caregiving Role. The beneficial effect of an Adaptive Avoidance Coping strategy, Diversion, on caregiver mental health was confirmed in this two-wave longitudinal study. The mechanism by which Diversion appears to work is by containing caregiving stressors from completely spilling over into caregivers' personal lives. In addition, the study also shows that preventing a decline in caregiver mental health (i.e. an increase in burnout) allowed caregivers to more easily embrace the caregiving role and, as a result, elder care-recipients were better positioned to receive high quality care.
Determination of driving cessation for older adults with dementia in Japan
- Authors:
- MIZUNO Yoko, ARAI Asuna, Arai Yumkio
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(9), September 2008, pp.987-989.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Briefly presents the findings of a study which investigated: i) who plays a major role in deciding driving cessation of older adults with dementia; ii) what are the current practices of family caregivers regarding attempts for driving cessation of patients; and iii) what are the necessary requirements for enabling the cessation of driving.
Reforming care and support: learning from Japan
- Author:
- PASSINGHAM Anna
- Publisher:
- Counsel and Care
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 25p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The charity Counsel and Care calls for a care debate that recognises the global impact of an ageing population. It is argued that the Government's forthcoming green paper on the future of care and support in England must look at how care for older people has been successfully reformed in other countries. Japan has the world's fastest ageing population, highest life expectancies and a declining birthrate. The Japanese government's implementation of a national long-term care insurance system has ensured all Japanese older people get the care and support they need, despite the demographic timebomb. This experience should inform England's own long-awaited reform of social care.
Profiles of social relations among older adults: a cross-cultural approach
- Authors:
- FIORI Katherine L., ANTONUCCI Toni C., AKIYAMA Hiroko
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 28(2), February 2008, pp.203-231.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study extends previous research on the profiles of social relations in three ways: (1) by including both functional and qualitative characteristics of social relations; (2) by examining the association of these profiles with mental and physical health and mortality; and (3) by exploring these profiles and associations in two cultures. Using samples of approximately 500 adults aged 60 or more years from the Social Relations and Mental Health over the Life Course studies in both the United States and Japan, separate cluster analyses were conducted for each country. The common or shared network types were labelled ‘diverse’, ‘restricted’, ‘friend-focused’ and ‘family-focused’, but in the US two types of ‘friend-focused’ networks (supported and unsupported) and two types of ‘restricted’ networks (structurally- and functionally-restricted) were found. In addition, a unique network type was found in Japan: ‘married and distal’. Multivariate analyses of variance and Cox regressions revealed that whereas individuals in the functionally restricted network type had the worse physical and mental health in the US, Americans in the structurally-restricted network type had the lowest survival rates at a 12-year follow-up. Interestingly, there were no wellbeing differences by network type in Japan. The findings have been interpreted in the light of social relations theories, with special emphasis on the importance of taking a multidimensional perspective and exploring cultural variation.