Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
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Alcohol, dementia and cognitive decline in the elderly: a systematic review
- Authors:
- PETERS Ruth, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 37(5), September 2008, pp.505-512.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Evidence from the review and meta-analysis of results from 23 longitudinal studies of people aged 65 and older suggests that small amounts of alcohol may be protective against unspecified incident dementia (risk ratio 0.63) and Alzheimer’s disease (RR 0.57) but not vascular dementia (RR 0.82) or cognitive decline (RR 0.89). However, studies varied, with differing lengths of follow-up, measurement of alcohol intake, inclusion of true abstainers and assessment of potential confounders. The results should therefore be interpreted with caution and, given the ethical objections to randomised placebo-controlled trials in this area, it may never be possible to know for certainty the relationship between alcohol intake and dementia.
The risk of overweight/obesity in mid-life and late life for the development of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
- Authors:
- PEDDITIZI Emilio, PETERS Ruth, BECKETT Nigel
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 45(1), 2016, pp.14-21.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Scope: it has been suggested that overweight/obesity as a risk factor for incident dementia differs between mid-life and later life. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the up-to-date current literature to assess this. Search Methods: inclusion criteria included epidemiological longitudinal studies published up to September 2014, in participants without cognitive impairment based on evidence of cognitive assessment and aged 30 or over at baseline assessment with at least 2 years of follow-up. Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, PsychInfo and the Cochrane Library were searched using combinations of the search terms: Dementia, Alzheimer disease, Vascular Dementia, Multi-Infarct Dementia, Cognitive decline, Cognitive impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment/Obesity, Overweight, Adiposity, Waist circumference (limits: humans, English language). Handsearching of all papers meeting the inclusion criteria was performed. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. Results: Of the 1,612 abstracts identified and reviewed, 21 completely met the inclusion criteria. Being obese below the age of 65 years had a positive association on incident dementia with a risk ratio (RR) 1.41 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.20–1.66), but the opposite was seen in those aged 65 and over, RR 0.83 (95% CI: 0.74–0.94). Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a positive association between obesity in mid-life and later dementia but the opposite in late life. Whether weight reduction in mid-life reduces risk is worthy of further study. (Publisher abstract)
Intergenerational programmes bringing together community dwelling non-familial older adults and children: a systematic review
- Authors:
- PETERS Ruth, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, early cite 28 January 2021,
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: Social isolation is associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes, including functional decline, cognitive decline, and dementia. Intergenerational engagement, i.e. structured or semi structured interactions between non-familial older adults and younger generations is emerging as tool to reduce social isolation in older adults and to benefit children and adults alike. This has great potential for our communities, however, the strength and breadth of the evidence for this is unclear. The researchers undertook a systematic review to summarise the existing evidence for intergenerational interventions with community dwelling non-familial older adults and children, to identify the gaps and to make recommendations for the next steps. Methods: Medline, Embase and PsychInfo were searched from inception to the 28th Sept 2020. Articles were included if they reported research studies evaluating the use of non-familial intergenerational interaction in community dwelling older adults. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020175927 Results: Twenty articles reporting on 16 studies were included. Although all studies reported positive effects in general, numerical outcomes were not recorded in some cases, and outcomes and assessment tools varied and were administered un-blinded. Caution is needed when making interpretations about the efficacy of intergenerational programmes for improving social, health and cognitive outcomes. Discussion: Overall, there is neither strong evidence for nor against community based intergenerational interventions. The increase in popularity of intergenerational programmes alongside the strong perception of potential benefit underscores the urgent need for evidence-based research. (Edited publisher abstract)