Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 17
Is there a process of spiritual change or development associated with ageing? A critical review of research
- Author:
- DALBY P.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 10(1), January 2006, pp.4-12.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This review considers whether research shows a process of spiritual change or development associated with ageing. Spirituality was understood as that which is central to a sense of meaning and purpose in an individual's life and pertains to the sacred or transcendent. Electronic literature searches were conducted to find research published 1985–2003 aimed at understanding spiritual change, themes and tasks in later life. A total of 13 studies were reviewed that looked at changes in spirituality over time, spiritual themes and tasks in a lifespan development context. The research reviewed suggested that some aspects of spirituality remain stable into old age but that there are identifiable spiritual tasks, needs and changes associated with ageing. Some common spiritual themes identified across the research were integrity, humanistic concern, changing relationships with others and concern for younger generations, relationship with a transcendent being or power, self transcendence, and coming to terms with death. These were not related to age per se, but to some of the challenges that age presents, and were mediated by cultural factors and individual differences. The findings and their limitations were discussed.
Making the case for retirement villages
- Editor:
- CROUCHER Karen
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 24p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- York
There has been a growing policy emphasis on promoting independence for older people, offering them choices, and improving their quality of life. Retirement villages are a relatively new type of provision in the UK, and data measuring their impact on residents’ health status and quality of life, or on the demand for other health and social care services, is limited. This report reviews the evidence to date on the impact of retirement villages. The report explores five key themes: the potential of retirement villages to enhancing older people’s choices for independent living; the particular benefits of larger developments and the potential for economies of scale; how retirement villages can be made accessible and affordable for a range of older people; the potential impact of retirement villages on local health and social services; and the impact of retirement villages on local communities. The evidence indicates that that retirement villages, although relatively new to the UK, have great potential to address main policy objectives around promoting independence, choice and quality of life for older people. This report is intended for all those engaged with commissioning and developing services for older people.
A literature review for the development of a supported living initiative for older people in rural North Antrim
- Authors:
- BIGGER Liza, TAYLOR Brian
- Publisher:
- Causeway Health and Social Services Trust
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 11p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Ballymoney
This review of supported housing for older people living in rural areas looked at publications from Northern Ireland, the wider UK and overseas. It concluded that the key components of supported housing arrangements are personal safety systems, resident managers or caretakers and meal services. Other important aspects were social networks, legal and ethical aspects regarding consent to receiving care and the capacity to enter into a tenancy agreement. Consideration also needs to be given to the training and supervision of staff working in this environment.
Prevention
- Author:
- RESEARCH IN PRACTICE FOR ADULTS
- Publisher:
- Research in Practice for Adults
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Place of publication:
- Dartington
This evidence cluster addresses the evidence base associated with the topic of prevention in adults services. Much of the content of this cluster relates to older people. Research about falls prevention, housing adaptations, preventive home care, low level services and interventions, and cost effectiveness of preventive social care are included.
Post-stroke depression among African-American elders
- Author:
- GROCKI Julie H.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 14(4), 2006, pp.31-52.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The US Census 2000 shows that people aged 65 and older form 13% of the total population and this proportion is increasing. African-Americans form the largest non-Caucasian sub-group. Depression is a common consequence of stroke, but most research to date focuses on Caucasian Americans. This paper presents the results of a literature review that looks at the prevalence of stroke, hypertension, type-2 diabetes and obesity among African-Americans, as well as mortality rates, rates of depression and differential racial responses to some medications. In addition, the review covers racial differences in socioeconomic status, access to health care, and the effect of religious orientations and social support networks on the likelihood that older African-Americans will report and seek help for depressive symptoms. Further research into depression (including post-stroke depression) and suicide in this group is needed, and current geriatric depression scales need to be examined to ensure sensitivity and specificity in relation to the multi-cultural differences that influence physical and mental health status. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Moving from a victim blaming to an appreciative inquiry: exploring quality of life in care homes
- Authors:
- MEYER Julienne, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 7(4), December 2006, pp.27-36.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
This article highlights the need for researchers to work across disciplinary boundaries in order to capture the complexity that care practitioners have to engage with everyday in care home settings. Drawing on findings from a literature review on the complexity of loss in continuing care institutions for older people, the case is made for less victim blaming and more appreciative approaches to research. The way this thinking informed the development of a further literature review on quality of life in care homes is discussed. Findings from this second study are shared by illustrating key messages with quotes from older residents, relatives and staff living, visiting and working in care homes. These best practice messages focus on: transition into a care home; working to help residents maintain their identity; creating community within care homes; shared decision-making; health and health services; end-of-life care; keeping the workforce fit for purpose, and promoting positive culture. The importance of collaborative working in both research and practice is discussed.
Psychological treatment of late-life depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Authors:
- CUIJPERS Pim, VAN STRATEN Annemieke, SMIT Filip
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(12), December 2006, pp.1139-1149.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Older meta-analyses of the effects of psychological treatments for depression in older adults have found that these treatments have large effects. However, these earlier meta-analyses also included non-randomized studies, and did not include newer high-quality randomized controlled trials. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of randomized studies on psychological treatments for depression in older adults. Twenty-five studies were included, of which 17 compared a psychological intervention to a control condition (mainly waiting list and care-as-usual control groups). The quality of the included studies varied. Psychological treatments have moderate to large effects on depression in older adults (standardized mean effect size d = 0.72). Heterogeneity was very low. No differences were found between individual, group or bibliotherapy format, or between cognitive behavioural therapy and other types of psychological treatment. The effects were comparable in studies where depression was defined according to diagnostic criteria, and those in which depression was measured with self rating questionnaires. Although the quality of many studies was not optimal, the results of this meta-analysis support.
Mood and anxiety disorders in widowhood: a systematic review
- Authors:
- ONRUST S. A., CUIJPERS P.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 10(4), July 2006, pp.327-334.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The association between widowhood and mental health problems, such as depressive symptomatology and anxiety, has been examined extensively. Few studies, however, have explored the prevalence and incidence of mood and anxiety disorders based on diagnostic criteria after the loss of the partner. The authors conducted a systematic review, and searched major bibliographical databases for studies examining mood and anxiety disorders in widowhood. The authors included all studies examining the prevalence or incidence of mood and anxiety disorders in the widowed, according to diagnostic criteria as assessed with a structured diagnostic interview. Eleven studies were identified, exploring the prevalence and incidence of mood and anxiety disorders in 3481 widowed individuals and 4685 non-widowed controls. As expected, the prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders were considerably elevated in widowed individuals, especially in the first year after the loss of a spouse. During the first year of bereavement, almost 22% of the widowed were diagnosed as having MDD; almost 12% met diagnostic criteria for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; and there were higher risks of Panic Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The incidence rate of MDD and several anxiety disorders ranged from 0.08–0.50. The relative risk of developing a mood or anxiety disorder ranged from 3.49–9.76, in the widowed, compared to control subjects.
Alcohol abuse treatment for older adults: a review of recent empirical research
- Authors:
- CUMMINGS Sherry M., BRIDE Brian, RAWLINS-SHAW Ann M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 3(1), 2006, pp.79-99.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The purpose of this article is to enhance social work practitioners and researchers' understanding of the nature of elder alcohol abuse, the needs of elders with alcohol abuse disorders, and the availability of effective treatment strategies by reviewing the epidemiological and outcomes research literatures related to alcohol abuse and the elderly. The few empirical studies that examine outcomes associated with the treatment of elderly substance abusers reveal positive outcomes, especially when “age-specific,” cognitive-behavioural, and less confrontational treatment approaches are employed. The authors highlight the need for further research concerning the nature of alcohol abuse among the elderly and the impact of specific alcohol treatment strategies on older adults. Such research should consider the needs and experiences of specific sub-populations of elders such as women, minorities, and those with late onset disorders. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Housing with care for later life: a literature review
- Authors:
- CROUCHER Karen, HICKS Leslie, JACKSON Karen
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 142p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- York
UK studies consistently demonstrated that it is the combination of independence and security that residents value. However, residents and providers do not always seem to have a shared understanding of what constitutes ‘independence’. Housing with care offers opportunities for social interaction and companionship, and there is much evidence of mutual support and neighbourliness. However, people who are very frail or who have sensory and cognitive impairments are consistently reported to be on the margins of social groups and networks. In some circumstances housing with care can provide an alternative to residential care, but the evidence suggests that it is not always a substitute for these settings. Residents moved to residential or nursing home care for a number of reasons, including increasing care needs and their own or their relatives’ preferences for something different, or perhaps something more. Evidence suggests that housing with care can have a positive impact on the health and well-being of residents, and that it is beneficial to their quality of life. However, studies relied heavily on expressions of resident satisfaction/contentment in arriving at their assessments; more robust quality of life measures were lacking in the evidence base. The evidence on the cost-effectiveness of housing with care is particularly limited and sometimes contradictory. Such as there is seems to indicate that housing with care may be more expensive than residential care, but may be cheaper than care delivered into ‘ordinary’ housing settings