Search results for ‘Subject term:"obsessive compulsive disorders"’ Sort:
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Evidence-based assessment of child obsessive compulsive disorder: recommendations for clinical practice and treatment research
- Authors:
- LEWIN Adam B., PIACENTINI John
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 39(2), April 2010, pp.73-89.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The aim of this article is to provide an overview of research-supported approaches for assessment of young people with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) relevant to both research and clinical applications. The article covers pre-visit screening, establishing the diagnosis of OCD, differential diagnosis, assessment of comorbid psychiatric conditions, assessment of OCD severity, determining psychosocial and adaptive functioning, and evaluating treatment outcome and tracking progress. It also discusses assessment in the context of therapy. The authors note that assessment procedures differ depending on whether the child presents for a research study or clinical intake, but that as practitioners increasingly integrate evidence-based approaches the division between assessment approaches is diminishing.
ASD, OCD and violence – a forensic case study
- Authors:
- EDWARDS Holly, HIGHAM Lorraine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 11(1), 2020, pp.1-8.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the formulation and psychological treatment of a complex case whereby a combination of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has resulted in violent and aggressive behaviour. Design/methodology/approach: This paper provides a brief summary of literature in relation to ASD, OCD and risk-offending behaviour followed by a case study of a man (referred to as “John”) with a diagnosis of ASD and OCD who has an extensive history of institutional violence and aggressive behaviour. Findings: This paper highlights the complexity of a case that may support research suggesting that impaired theory of mind, poor emotional regulation and problems with moral reasoning increase the risk of an individual with ASD engaging in violence, in addition to a comorbidity of ASD and OCD resulting in a more severe and treatment-resistant form of OCD. Originality/value: This paper highlights the challenges faced when working with a patient with Asperger’s syndrome and OCD with entrenched beliefs that lead to the use of violence as a compulsion to temporarily overcome unpleasant thoughts related to low self-esteem. (Publisher abstract)
Age at onset and clinical features of late life compulsive hoarding
- Authors:
- AYERS Catherine R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 25(2), February 2010, pp.142-149.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Compulsive hoarding is a debilitating disorder, yet little is known about its onset or clinical features. Hoarding symptoms often come to clinical attention with older patients. However, no prior study has examined whether elderly compulsive hoarders have early or late onset of hoarding symptoms, whether their hoarding symptoms are idiopathic or secondary to other conditions, or whether their symptoms are similar to compulsive hoarding symptoms seen in younger and middle-aged populations. This study determines the onset and clinical features of late life compulsive hoarding, including psychiatric and medical relationships. A group of 18 participants over 60 with clinically significant compulsive hoarding were assessed using structured interviews, including the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, and UCLA Hoarding Severity Scale. Self-report Measures Included the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Sheehan Disability Scale, and Savings Inventory-Revised. Psychosocial and medical histories were also obtained. Participants were asked to rate their hoarding symptoms and describe major life events that occurred during each decade of their lives. Results show that onset of compulsive hoarding symptoms was initially reported as being in mid-life but actually found to be in childhood or adolescence - no subjects reported late onset compulsive hoarding. Compulsive hoarding severity seemed to increase with each decade of life. Comorbid mood and anxiety disorders were common, but only 16% of patients met criteria for OCD. The vast majority of patients had never received treatment for hoarding behaviour. Older adults with compulsive hoarding were usually socially impaired and lived alone. In conclusion compulsive hoarding appears to be a progressive and chronic condition that begins early in life. Left untreated, its severity increases with age. Compulsive hoarding should be considered a distinct clinical syndrome, separate from OCD.
Animal hoarding: slipping into the darkness of comorbid animal and self-neglect
- Author:
- NATHANSON Jane N.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 21(4), October 2009, pp.307-324.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Animal hoarding is a condition which involves keeping larger than usual numbers of pets without having the ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability. It is associated with extreme conditions of comorbid animal and self-neglect. In order for adult protective services workers to intervene most effectively, it becomes critical to elucidate some of the developmental factors of animal hoarding behaviour and its correlation with self-neglecting behaviours in general. This article presents an in-depth diagnostic perspective derived from the author's research and clinical experience. An analysis of the complex dynamics of the relationship between animal hoarders and their pets is presented in conjunction with accepted theories of self-neglect. With enhanced knowledge and understanding of animal hoarding, social service professionals will be better prepared to respond to these clients, elicit greater rapport and cooperation, and engage in the interdisciplinary efforts that are essential for optimal resolution.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder, comorbid depression, substance abuse, and suicide attempts: clinical presentations, assessments, and treatment
- Authors:
- ROBERTS Albert R., YAEGER Kenneth, SEIGEL Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 3(2), Summer 2003, pp.145-167.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in singular presentation may experience profound threats to self-esteem; activities of daily living; marital, family, social relationships; and occupational functioning. OCD is present in a number of comorbid conditions, the most risky of which elevate suicide risk. This paper examines the prevalence, assessment methods, clinical features, and treatment approaches to OCD, and depression, substance abuse, or psychotic episodes in comorbid presentation, where threats to the functioning and survival of the individual as well as complications in clinical treatment may arise because of the interplay of symptoms of OCD, substance abuse, brief psychotic episodes, and depression. Case illustrations are used to demonstrate effects of comorbidity and considerations in treatment planning. This article closes by calling for longitudinal research on the causes, consequences, and efficacy of integrated treatment of OCD, depression, substance abuse, and suicidality.
Treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder and comorbid social phobia
- Author:
- SEIGEL Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 3(1), Spring 2003, pp.55-81.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The purpose of this article is to help persons in the helping professions recognize the serious threats to self, family life, and work experienced by persons with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and social phobia and help engage persons affected in focused, clinically responsible treatment. The articlel presents findings from epidemiological studies of the disorders presenting conjointly, illustrates comorbidity in clinical practice through case examples, and reviews clinically relevant information gleaned in the diagnostic assessment. Core triage decisions in initiating treatment are reviewed. Medication approaches and patient concerns regarding medication are overviewed. The article summarizes psycho-educational information regarding cognitive errors in OCD and social phobia that may be presented to the patient to help the patient limit anxiety evocative and depressive thought. The author provides illustrations of cognitive behavioural treatment in individual and group psychotherapy, transfer of training, treatment resistance, and adjunctive treatments, resources for consumers and practitioners, and emerging challenges in the field.