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Unemployment and psychological distress among young adults in the Nordic countries: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- RENEFLOT Anne, EVENSON Miriam
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Social Welfare, 23(1), 2014, pp.3-15.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article reviews Nordic research, published from 1995 and onwards, on the relationship between unemployment and mental health among young adults. Cross-sectional, longitudinal and time-series studies are included. Cross-sectional studies show that the unemployed experience more mental health problems than the non-unemployed. Leaving unemployment is associated with increased well-being. Economic problems, feelings of shame and poor social support increase the likelihood of psychological distress. The longitudinal studies show that unemployment increases the risk of psychological distress and attempted suicide, after initial mental health status and confounding factors are accounted for. The relationship remains significant when time-invariant characteristics of the individuals are controlled for. The time-series studies found no relationship between unemployment and suicide, but levels of psychological distress were found to vary with changes in the labour market. This relationship remained significant after excluding the non-employed, indicating that unemployment trends have effects beyond those directly associated with unemployment. (Publisher abstract)
Unemployment benefits, job search activity and mental health: discouraging or buffering effects?
- Author:
- MALMBERG-HEIMONEN Ira
- Journal article citation:
- Nordisk Sosialt Arbeid, 25(1), 2005, pp.2-16.
- Publisher:
- Universitetsforlaget AS
The modern welfare state forms an important buffer against individual market risks, but has become less effective. Changes are being made in labour market policies generally by restricting access to unemployment benefits and by linking benefits to job search activity. Nevertheless, the effects of these changes are in many cases inconsistent and minor. This study investigates whether unemployment benefits have an impact on job search patterns and whether they are associated in some way with the risks of mental health problems. The study included young unemployed 18-24 year-olds from four countries including Sweden, Finland, Germany and Spain.
Mental health in Finland
- Authors:
- LAHTI Pirkko, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Breakthrough, 2(3), 1998, pp.51-55.
Looks at mental health in Finland, current legislation, the growth of the user movement and the influence of the Finnish Association for Mental Health. Also discusses the European project which was designed to help socially and economically marginalised young people find work.