Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Factors predicting the relapse of depression in old age
- Authors:
- KIVELA Sirkka-Liisa, VIRAMO Petteri, PAHKULA Kimmo
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(2), February 2000, pp.112-119.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Studies in mixed-aged populations show differences between the predictors of a relapse and those of a long term course of depression, supporting the hypothesis about similar differences among the aged. The aim of this study was to identify the factors predicting or related to a relapse of depression among the Finnish elderly having recovered from depression during treatment. The logistic regression model showed major depression and psychomotor retardation to be independent predictors. Relapses were not related to stressors in life or psychical illnesses occurring the follow up. Major depressive elderly patients have a high risk for relapses without the occurrence of the stressors or the physical illnesses. Concludes that in clinical practice, major depressive elderly patients should be followed up in order to detect and treat potential relapses as soon as possible.
Correlates of sexual abuse in a sample of adolescent girls admitted to psychiatric inpatient care
- Authors:
- KANAMULLER Juha, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 23(7), 2014, pp.804-823.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The authors examined correlations of child sexual abuse among 300 adolescent girls in psychiatric inpatient treatment. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.)-based psychiatric diagnoses were obtained from the Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children—Present and Lifetime and from data on family and behavioural characteristics from the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI). A total of 79 girls (26.3%) had experienced child sexual abuse during their lifetime. Child sexual abuse was associated with an adolescent’s home environment, sibling status, smoking, posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis, self-mutilating behaviour, and suicidal behaviour. At least 62% of the perpetrators were acquaintances of the victims. Correlates of child sexual abuse can be used to identify child sexual abuse victims and persons at heightened risk for child sexual abuse. (Edited publisher abstract)
Does the use of health care and special school services, prior to admission for psychiatric inpatient treatment, differ between adolescents housed by child welfare services and those living with their biological parent(s)?
- Authors:
- LAUKKANEN Matti, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 49(5), 2013, pp.528-539.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The researchers examined whether the use of health care and special school services, prior to admission for psychiatric inpatient treatment, differed between adolescents from child welfare units and those living at their parental home. 208 boys and 300 girls aged 12–17 years were admitted for psychiatric hospital between 2001 and 2006. Child welfare adolescents had used more health services/treatments prior to psychiatric hospital admission than adolescents living with their biological family. The best discriminating factors between study groups for both genders, were previous psychiatric hospitalisations, unemployed parents, use of special school services and self-perceived serious anxiety/tension or trouble controlling violent behaviour. Repeated school grades and previous use of psychotropic medications were discriminating factors only in girls. Adolescents in child welfare deserve adequate mental health evaluations at an early stage, with referral to appropriate adolescent psychiatric services if required. Appropriate service provision and properly planned treatments may reduce the amount of intensive and sometimes unnecessary psychiatric inpatient treatments. (Publisher abstract)
The open dialogue approach to acute psychosis: its poetics and micropolitics
- Authors:
- SEIKKULA Jaakko, OLSON Mary E.
- Journal article citation:
- Family Process, 42(3), 2003, pp.403-418.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Reports on a network-based, language approach to psychiatric care, Open Dialogue, which has emerged in Finland. The approach includes two levels of analysis, the poetics and the micropolitics. The poetics include three principles: tolerance of uncertainty, dialogism, and polyphony in social networks. A treatment meeting shows how these poetics operate to generate a therapeutic dialogue. The micropolitics are the larger institutional practices that support this way of working and are part of Finnish Need-Adapted Treatment. Recent research suggests that Open Dialogue has improved outcomes for young people in a variety of acute, severe psychiatric crises, such as psychosis, as compared to treatment-as-usual settings.
Use of psychotropics among home-dwelling nondemented and demented elderly
- Authors:
- HARTIKAINEN Sirpa, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(12), December 2003, pp.1135-1141.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The home-dwelling elderly (n=523) among the random sample of 700 subjects from the total population of individuals aged 75 years or more in 1998 and living in the city of Kuopio, Finland. A trained nurse interviewed the participants about their health and current use of medicines. A geriatrician performed clinical examinations and diagnosed diseases. Dementia and depression were diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. The demented subjects used more medicines of all kinds (p<0.01), and especially more psychotropics than the nondemented (p<0.001). One in four demented subjects, compared to one in ten nondemented ones used at least two psychotropics (p<0.01). The demented subjects used antipsychotics six times more often than the nondemented ones (p<0.001). Among the nondemented subjects, one out of two antipsychotics users was suffering from depression according to DSM-IV criteria. Three out of four persons who had dementia with Lewy bodies were using psychotropics. Persons with moderate dementia were more commonly using all kinds of psychotropic preparations especially, antipsychotics three times more commonly than persons with mild or severe dementia. Psychotropics, especially antipsychotics, are commonly used in the treatment of both nondemented and demented elderly, even without proper indication. Physicians need more training about the appropriate use of psychotropics to minimize their adverse effects.
A review of the research literature on serious violent and sexual offenders
- Authors:
- CONNELLY Clare, WILLIAMSON Shanti
- Publisher:
- Scotland. Scottish Executive. Central Research Unit
- Publication year:
- 2000
- Pagination:
- 125p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Edinburgh
Aims to provide a summary of current and recent UK and international literature on the sentencing of dangerous offenders and the subsequent management of these offenders, whether in hospital or prison settings, and upon release into the community. The research is divided by country, split up into those who use a community protection approach, those who use a clinical approach, and other jurisdictions. It concludes with an examination of the issue of compliance with the European Convention on Human Rights.