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Questionable validity of 'dissociative amnesia' in trauma victims
- Authors:
- POPE Harrison, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 172, March 1998, pp.210-215.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Reviews evidence from prospective studies to test whether individuals can develop amnesia for traumatic experiences, a process variously termed ' repression', ' dissociative amnesia' or psychogenic amnesia'. Finds that prospective data as yet to fail to demonstrate that individuals can develop dissociative amnesia for traumatic events.
The invisible intruders
- Author:
- ROMME Marius
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 4.3.98, 1998, pp.30-31.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
Discusses how the hearing of voices can stem from memories of unresolved emotional problems. Looks at how people can be taught how to take control of them.
Shattered lives
- Author:
- SHAY Jonathan
- Journal article citation:
- Family Therapy Networker, July 1996, pp.46-54.
- Publisher:
- Family Therapy Networker
Reports on the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS), a nationwide epidemiological study of a random sample of Vietnam-era veterans and a random sample of demographically similar civilian controls. The findings showed that 35.8 percent of male Vietnam combat veterans met the full American Psychiatric Association diagnostic criteria for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder at the time of the study, in the late 1980s. Describes how PTSD has impacted on the lives of Vietnam combat veterans.
The use of abreaction to recover memories in psychogenic amnesia: a case report
- Authors:
- VATTAKATUCHERY Joe John, CHESTERMAN Paul
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology (The), 17(4), December 2006, pp.647-653.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Amnesia regarding an offence is often encountered in forensic practice. Psychogenic factors appear to be the most common cause. A number of authors have described the use of abreaction as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in cases of psychogenic amnesia. However, this technique is currently seldom used in clinical practice. This case report describes a man in his 50s who had attempted to kidnap a young girl. He was floridly psychotic at the time of the offence. He subsequently claimed amnesia regarding the incident, but following two abreactions with midozolam he was able to recall significant details of the offence. It was possible to establish the motivation and determine that the offence was not sexually motivated. Understanding his motivation played an important role in determining his risk of re-offending and influenced his future management.
Resistance: a ritual abuse survivor speaks out
- Author:
- SMITH Mary
- Publisher:
- SAFE
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 79p.
- Place of publication:
- Salisbury
The author describes how she recovered memories of ritual abuse and realized that she suffered from depression through dream interpretation during therapy three years ago. She is now in her 50s and is firmly convinced that her parents and extended family had "practised gang-rape, torture, often with electric shocks, murder, mutilation." She claims that at the age of 14, she was held with other girls in underground dungeons. When they became pregnant and gave birth, their babies were taken away and they were forced to act in pornographic movies.
Understanding dissociative disorders
- Author:
- LIVINGSTONE Kathryn
- Publisher:
- MIND
- Publication year:
- 2002
- Pagination:
- 15p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Dissociation is a defence mechanism. Its primary function is to help people to survive traumatic experiences. The bomb survivor, quoted opposite, is describing a normal dissociative response, which allowed her to focus on the things she needed to do to survive, including remembering where the nearest exit was. Dissociation can also occur as a side effect of some drugs, medication and alcohol. Dissociative disorders occur when people have persistent and repeated episodes of dissociation. These usually cause distressing internal chaos and may interfere with work, school, social, or home life. This is called the dissociation continuum. A person’s position on the continuum will depend on the severity and mix of the types of dissociation they experience.The dissociation continuum, ranges from everyday dissociation, to depersonalisation disorder and dissociative amnesia; dissociative fugue and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS) to dissociative identity disorder (DID).
Torrential tears: the relationship between memory development, early trauma, and dysfunctional behaviour
- Author:
- INBINDER Francine C.
- Journal article citation:
- Clinical Social Work Journal, 30(4), Winter 2002, pp.343-357.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
The purpose of this article is to illustrate how findings in memory research can significantly inform our understanding of dysfunctional behaviour. It demonstrates that specific forms of memory, which are expressed through procedures or behaviors, reveal through their presentation information of diagnostic significance. From a neuropsychosocial perspective, this article suggests that the time at which early trauma intersects with the development of memory structures, systems and functions can be significant to the motivation of dysfunctional behaviour.
Explaining the forgetting and recovery of abuse and trauma memories: possible mechanisms
- Authors:
- EPSTEIN Michele A., BOTTOMS Bette L.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Maltreatment, 7(3), August 2002, pp.210-225.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Much attention has been focused on memories of abuse that are allegedly forgotten or repressed then recovered. By retrospectively surveying more than 1,400 college women, the authors investigated the frequency with which temporary forgetting is reported for child sexual abuse experiences as opposed to other childhood abuse and traumas and exactly how victims characterize their forgetting experiences in terms of various competing cognitive mechanisms. Rates of forgetting were similar among victims who experienced sexual abuse, physical abuse, and multiple types of traumas. Victims of other types of childhood traumas (e.g., car accidents) reported less forgetting than victims of childhood sexual abuse or multiple types of trauma. Most victims' characterizations of their forgetting experiences were not indicative of repression in the classic Freudian sense but instead suggested other more common mechanisms, such as directed forgetting and relabeling.