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Anger, PTSD, and the nuclear family: a study of Cambodian refugees
- Authors:
- HINTON Devon E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 69(9), November 2009, pp.1387-1394.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This study profiles the family-directed anger of traumatized Cambodian refugees, all survivors of the Pol Pot genocide who were patients at a psychiatric clinic in Lowell, MA, USA. Survey data were collected from a convenience sample of 143 Cambodian refugee patients from October 2006 to August 2007. The study revealed that 48% of the patients had anger directed toward a nuclear family member in the last month, with anger directed toward children being particularly common. Responses to open-ended questions revealed the causes of anger toward a significant other and children, the content of anger-associated trauma recall, and what patients did to gain relief from anger. A type of cultural gap, namely, a linguistic gap (i.e., the parent's lack of English language skills and the child's lack of Khmer language skills), seemingly played a role in generating conflict and anger. Nuclear family-type anger was associated with PTSD presence. The effect of anger on PTSD severity resulted in part from anger-associated trauma recall and fears of bodily dysfunction, with 54% of the variance in PTSD severity explained by that regression model. The study: 1) suggests that among traumatized refugees, family-related anger is a major clinical concern; 2) illustrates how family-related anger may be profiled and investigated in trauma-exposed populations; and 3) gives insights into how family-related anger is generated in such populations.
Long-term effects of organized violence on young Middle Eastern refugees' mental health
- Author:
- MONTGOMERY Edith
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 67(10), November 2008, pp.1596-1603.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The pre- and post-displacement factors associated with psychological problems among young refugees are not clear. From the existing research it appears that refugee children and adolescents are vulnerable to the effects of pre-migration exposure to trauma, but the long-term effects of such exposure are mediated by certain risk and protective factors at the individual, family and community level. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of traumatic experiences before emigration, as well as social life after immigration, on the mental health of young Middle Eastern refugees 8–9 years after immigration into Denmark. The study group comprises 131 young refugees (76 girls and 55 boys; mean age 15.3 years) from 67 families. They were assessed in 2000–2001 as part of a follow-up study of 311 children, who in 1992–1993 were consecutively registered in Denmark as asylum seekers with at least one parent. Predictors of more externalizing behaviour were: witnessing attack on others after arrival, more schools attended, less attending school or work, lower mother's education in the home country and lower age. Predictors of more internalizing behaviour were: numbers of types of traumatic events before arrival, numbers of types of stressful events after arrival, and numbers of types of experiences of discrimination, lower mother's education in the home country, fewer Danish friends, not Muslim or Christian religion, less Danish proficiency and female gender. It is concluded that aspects of social life in Denmark, including mother's education and indicators of adaptation, as well as a stressful life context in exile, including discrimination, predicted psychological problems 8–9 years after arrival, more than traumatic experiences before arrival. Thus, the prevention of psychopathology in young refugees depends to a large extent on the political will to make provision for the necessary changes regarding reception and treatment of refugees.
Social adversity and mental functions in adolescents at high risk of psychopathology
- Authors:
- GOODYER Ian M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 181(11), November 2002, pp.383-386.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Social adversities are accepted as critical factors in the development of psychopathology in young people, but the precise mechanisms of this relationship are unknown. Evidence to date suggests there is no simple relationship between adverse life events and the subsequent emergence of psychopathology. The interplay of acute and chronic stressors over the lifespan with affective temperament; the interrelationship of 'sensitivity' and 'performance' cognitions in response to life events; and limbic-cortical neural networks are all indicated as important avenues of future research.
Supporting vulnerable babies and young children: interventions for working with trauma, mental health, illness and other complex challenges
- Editors:
- BUNSTON Wendy, JONES Sarah J.
- Publisher:
- Jessica Kingsley
- Publication year:
- 2019
- Pagination:
- 312
- Place of publication:
- London
A guide for people working to support and safeguard babies and very young children, including professionals in health care, social work, mental health and child protection settings. It looks at effective, practice-based and evidence-informed approaches to working across a wide range of issues. Chapters include case examples from around the world to illustrate what interventions look like in direct practice. They include chapters on: young children in foster care, family violence, asylum seeking infants, infants involved in high-conflict parental disputes, and young children with cancer and mental health needs. (Edited publisher abstract)
The use of personal narratives in the helping professions: a teaching casebook
- Editors:
- HERIOT Jessica, POLINGER Eileen
- Publisher:
- Haworth Social Work Practice Press
- Publication year:
- 2002
- Pagination:
- 474p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Binghamton, NY
Presents a collection of personal narratives, short stories, and poetry about mental illness and other life-affecting problems, in the context of family life. Beginning with problems related to childhood, the stories range through adolescence, adulthood, and old age. This unique book provides students with an in-depth understanding of various mental illnesses and psychosocial problems through the life cycle.