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Dual diagnosis training for the criminal justice workforce
- Authors:
- HUGHES Liz, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 3(2), May 2010, pp.32-38.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
A significant number of offenders have both mental health and substance use problems. This article describes a training project involving higher education and service providers, established to develop and evaluate the feasibility of training in dual diagnosis interventions for staff working in the criminal justice system. The development of the training programme was based on Skills for Health learning design principles, using a competence-based approach, and the training was delivered to 58 staff from a range of services in the criminal justice sector. The article describes the learning design principles, the method used, the course timetable and dual diagnosis for criminal justice course workbook, and presents and discusses feedback on and evaluation of the course and the implications of the feedback for future development of such workforce training initiatives.
Incorporating crisis intervention team (CIT) knowledge and skills into the daily work of police officers: a focus group study
- Authors:
- HANAFI Sonya, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 44(6), December 2008, pp.427-432.
- Publisher:
- Springer
This qualitative focus group study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training for police officers in the US. Thematic analysis of transcripts of focus group discussions revealed that officers report increased knowledge of mental illnesses (which manifests as an improved ability to recognize and respond, reduced stereotyping/stigmatization, greater empathy toward consumers and their caregivers, more patience when dealing with consumers, and fewer arrests/more redirection toward treatment), as well as practical application of learned skills (evidenced by an ability to put individuals with mental illnesses at ease, reduced unpredictability of the crisis situation, and reduced risk of injury). Results highlight the potential for collaboration between law enforcement (and other public safety/criminal justice professions) and the mental health professions in the expanding CIT collaborative model.
Beyond the gate: supporting the employment aspirations of offenders with mental health conditions
- Author:
- DURCAN Graham
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 16(4), 2012, pp.188-193.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The Centre for Mental Health investigated what support is currently available within the criminal justice system to help people into paid work and looked in particular at employment opportunities for offenders with mental health problems on release from prison. This article describes the 5 key elements of effective practice identified in the investigation. These were: employers should play an instrumental role in creating opportunities; recruitment should be pragmatic, based on attitude and character rather than qualifications or health status; support should be offered to employees and their employers/managers for as long as they need it; opportunities for pre-employment and "in work" skills development should be linked to realistic employment opportunities; and criminal justice and other statutory agencies should facilitate effective pathways to real work and skills development. The article discusses the elements of effective practice and includes examples of schemes showing promising results and the potential to be used more widely. The study concluded that although offenders with mental health problems are less likely than other prisoners to be included in employment programmes, evidence-based approaches such as individual placement and support (the approach to supported employment for people in contact with specialist community mental health services) could be adapted to meet the employment needs of offenders with mental health conditions.
Missing a beat: police responses to people with learning disabilities and mental health problems
- Authors:
- MACKENZIE Robin, WATTS John
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 15(4), October 2010, pp.34-40.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Guidance has recently been issued to police officers on how to respond to people with learning disabilities and mental illnesses. The National Policing Improving Agency (NPIA) Guidance is the first of its sort to be endorsed by the UK Department of Health. It includes sections on definitions, mental health principles, responses to victims and witnesses, responses to suspects and offenders, the Mental Health Act 1983 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005, and police responses. The guidance recognises that people with learning disabilities and mental health problems come into contact with the police as victims of crime and as perpetrators, and that police officers are often the gateway for these people to access health care. This article reviews the guidance and comments on some of the advice, in the context of current issues and concerns. One of the main concerns is not with the guidance itself, but that it will not be backed up by adequate and regular training. It recommends that, before implementation, a survey is undertaken on the current responses of police officers to people with learning disabilities or mental illnesses. This survey can then be repeated in order to judge the impact of the guidance.
The Bradley Report and the criminal justice workforce: tackling mental health and learning disabilities in the justice system
- Authors:
- SAINSBURY CENTRE FOR MENTAL HEALTH, SKILLS FOR JUSTICE
- Publisher:
- Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health; Skills for Justice
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 4p.
- Place of publication:
- London
In April 2009, the Bradley Report was published, making 82 recommendations which should lead to major changes in the way that individuals with mental health issues and those with learning disabilities in the criminal justice system are supported and treated. Thirty of the 82 recommendations have direct implications for the criminal justice workforce. This briefing paper outlines 4 key areas where significant activity is needed to develop the justice sector workforce to meet the ambitions and aims arising from the Bradley Report. The 4 key areas are: training in mental health and learning disability awareness for practitioners across the system; working together across agencies to treat individuals going through the system consistently and fairly; communicating information more effectively and efficiently so that individuals are not constantly reassessed or shuttled between services; and national workforce planning. This report highlights the changes needed in the approach to training individuals across criminal justice agencies, and makes recommendations as to how to take the work forward.
Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system: NG66
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Place of publication:
- London
This practice guideline covers assessing, diagnosing and managing mental health problems in adults aged 18 and over who are in contact with the criminal justice system. It aims to improve mental health and wellbeing in this population by establishing principles for assessment and management, and promoting more coordinated care planning and service organisation across the criminal justice system. The guideline includes recommendations on: assessing and managing a person’s mental health problems, including assessing risk to themselves and others; planning their care; psychological and pharmacological interventions; how services should be organised; and staff training. It also provides advice for implementing the guideline and includes recommendations for further research. The guideline is aimed at commissioners and providers of health and justice services and all health and social care professionals working with adults in contact with the criminal justice system in community, primary care, secondary care and secure settings. (Edited publisher abstract)
Young adults today: key data on 16-25 year olds: transitions, disadvantage and crime
- Authors:
- DEVITT Kerry, KNIGHTON Lucy, LOWE Kevin
- Publisher:
- Young People in Focus
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 90p.
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Young Adults Today forms part of the initiative Transition to Adulthood (T2A). Established by the Barrow Cadbury Trust, this aims to stimulate new thinking about how society meets the needs of young adults, in particular those who find themselves in conflict with the law. This volume collects together key data and statistics about this age group to provide a cornerstone on which policy can be developed. It covers; population and social trends, ethnic minorities, housing and marriages; vulnerable young adults, homelessness and leaving care; physical health, obesity, physical activity, smoking, alcohol and drug use; mental health and wellbeing, suicide and eating disorders; education, training and unemployment; crime and justice, antisocial behaviour, convictions, punishment and victims; and lifestyles and social participation, use of the internet, volunteering and voting. The data show that young people are staying in education or training longer and are more likely than recent generations to be financially dependent and therefore living at home. They are delaying marriage and having children until their late twenties or thirties. However the picture is somewhat different for those from disadvantaged backgrounds. This group often leaves home earlier, starts a family sooner and experiences high levels of unemployment.
Violence prevention and safety training for case management services
- Authors:
- WEISMAN Robert L., LAMBERTI J. Steven
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 38(4), August 2002, pp.339-348.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Prevention of violence is an important challenge for those who train and supervise mental health workers. This American article describes 'Project Link' which is an outpatient treatment programme designed to reduce jail and hospital recidivism among severely mentally ill adults with histories of criminal justice system involvement. Utilizing a safety and violence education curriculum, Project Link has successfully transitioned high-risk mentally ill individuals from the criminal justice system into the community since 1995. The curriculum uses a preventative strategy to train case managers to identify warning signs of impending violence, and to safely engage patients in community settings.