Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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The 10 most important debates surrounding dual diagnosis
- Author:
- HAMILTON Ian
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 7(3), 2014, pp.118-128.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This paper reflects on the progress made to date in advancing knowledge and understanding of the relationship between substance use and mental health. The author draws on the available literature, identifying key contributions from a variety of fields which have helped to shape the understanding of the issues in relation to dual diagnosis. The ten key themes are identified: the definition of the term dual diagnosis; prevelence and incidence; assessment; cognitive functioning; the reasons behind the relationship between substance misuse and mental health; contrasting perspectives; integrated care; identity and stigma; staff attitudes; and philosophy of treatment. (Edited publisher abstract)
What does a 'transdiagnostic' approach have to offer the treatment of anxiety disorders?
- Authors:
- MCMANUS Freda, SHAFRAN Roz, COOPER Zafra
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(4), November 2010, pp.491-505.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this study was to review the rationale for transdiagnostic approaches to the understanding and treatment of anxiety disorders. The authors suggest that a transdiagnostic approach to treating anxiety disorders may help to address two important challenges in this area: the development of treatments for patients with more than one coexisting anxiety disorder, and ensuring that evidence-based treatments are effectively applied in routine clinical settings. A literature search was undertaken and a small number of relevant papers were identified and reviewed. The article discusses the prevalence of multiple co-occurring anxiety disorders, treating multiple coexisting anxiety disorders, the theory and practice of transdiagnostic approaches to anxiety disorders, and the advantages of transdiagnostic treatment. The authors conclude that transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural approaches have potential benefits, particularly in striking a balance between completely idiosyncratic formulations and diagnosis-driven treatments of anxiety disorders, but that there is a need for further research.
Dropout from internet-based treatment for psychological disorders
- Authors:
- MELVILLE Katherine M., CASEY Leanne M., KAVANAGH David J.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(4), November 2010, pp.455-471.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The internet is becoming an important tool for delivering mental health interventions, including online therapy involving exchanges via e-mail or chat between client and therapist and internet-based treatment programmes delivered by structured web pages that the participant works through. This paper reviews evidence on the extent of dropout from internet-based treatments involving minimal face-to-face therapist contact and examines available research on variables associated with dropout. Following a literature search, a total of 19 studies published between 1990 and April 2009 were identified and included in the review. The review found that dropout ranged from 2% to 83% and a weighted average of 31% of the participants dropped out of treatment, but that despite the numerous variables explored, evidence on any specific variables that may make an individual more likely to drop out of internet-based treatment is currently limited. The authors conclude that the review highlights the need for more rigorous and theoretically guided research exploring the variables associated with dropping out of internet-based treatment for psychological disorders.
An integral approach to mental health recovery: implications for social work
- Author:
- STARNINO Vincent R.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 19(7), October 2009, pp.820-842.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The term recovery has become increasingly popular in the area of mental health care. Recently, it has been described by policy makers as the guiding vision for transforming the mental health system. Problematic, however, is that a lack of clarity continues to exist regarding how recovery is to be defined. Definitional attempts often appear to have competing opinions about what the concept exactly stands for. This causes confusion for both professionals and consumers desiring to adopt a recovery approach. This article organises and connects insights from different views of mental health recovery by drawing on aspects of Ken Wilber's integral theory. The intention is to create a conceptual framework that brings together the competing ideological positions held by key stakeholders who have helped to shape the contemporary recovery paradigm. The resulting model comprises 4 quadrants which present a framework for situating recovery themes alongside their respective philosophical underpinnings. The implications for social work practice and education is discussed.
Adolescents in residential and inpatient treatment: a review of the outcome literature
- Authors:
- BETTMANN Joanna E., JASPERSON Rachael A.
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 38(4), August 2009, pp.161-183.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Operationalizing treatment efficacy has become essential in the field of psychotherapy. Managed health care now requires psychotherapy to produce measurable outcomes and define success concretely. This requirement has resulted in research attempting to identify empirically supported and evidence-based treatments. This article presents a review of adolescent residential and inpatient outcome literature, for the purpose of identifying elements of successful programs and highlighting needed directions for research in the field.
Adherence in people living with HIV/AIDS, mental illness, and chemical dependency: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- ULDALL K. K., et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 16(Supplement 1), January 2004, pp.S71-S96.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Adherence to antiretroviral medications is central to reducing morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS. Relatively few studies published to date address HIV adherence among special populations. The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on HIV antiretroviral adherence, with an emphasis on studies among the triply diagnosed population of people living with HIV/AIDS, mental illness, and chemical dependency. In order to reflect the most current information available, data from conference proceedings, federally funded studies in progress, and the academic literature are presented for consideration.
Delirium and learning disability: case series and literature review
- Authors:
- van WAARDE Jeroen A., van der MAST Rose C.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 32(3), September 2004, pp.123-127.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Although predisposing and facilitating factors for delirium are common in learning disabled patients, little is known about its occurrence. Presents 3 case reports and results of a manual and computer (Medline, Embase Psychiatry) search. Only 2 case reports were found, and added to the 3. Ages were 16, 17, 51, 55 and 78. Delirium was associated with eye surgery, anticholinergic overdose, urinary infection, Alzheimer's disease and pulmonary infection respectively. All had predisposing factors. The literature is scarce, possibly because diagnosis is often missed. Delirium is very distressing and raises morbidity and mortality. However, it is treatable, so more attention should be given to diagnosis and treatment, especially in vulnerable patients. A practice guideline assessment and treatment is given.
Secure settings for young people: a national scoping exercise
- Authors:
- WARNER Louise, et al
- Publisher:
- NHS England
- Publication year:
- 2018
- Pagination:
- 87
- Place of publication:
- London
The findings from a scoping of the provision of secure services for young people under 18 years of age, who are detained from England. This scope identified every secure unit in Great Britain that could detain young people from England during the time period of February and September 2016, the basic characteristics of each unit, and the similarities and differences between them. It identified 60 secure units for young people in Great Britain in total: 28 hospitals in England and one in Wales (a mixture of high dependency units (HDUs), psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs), low and medium secure units); 14 Secure Children’s Homes in England, five in Scotland, one in Wales; three Secure Training Centres, all in England; four Young Offender Institutions (YOIs) for under 18s in England, three in Scotland, one in Wales. The report includes self-reported information gathered from interviews on: capacity; unit inclusion and exclusion criteria; service type and areas of specialist service; referral systems; interventions offered; education provided; and discharge processes. The scope found an uneven geographical spread of units across Great Britain, an uneven spread of beds across the secure system, and a low number of welfare placements. It is the first stage of a service evaluation of the provision of secure services for detained young people, under 18 years of age, from England. Later stages of this service evaluation will include a census of all young people from England detained on 14 September 2016 considering their needs and qualitative interviews of professionals and carers about the strengths and weaknesses of the secure system for young people in England. (Edited publisher abstract)
What can be done to improve outcomes for prisoners with a dual diagnosis?
- Authors:
- MOYES Hattie Catherine Ann, HEATH Joshua James, DEAN Lucy Victoria
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 9(1), 2016, pp.14-25.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on offenders with a dual diagnosis and discuss how prison-based services can improve to better meet the needs of prisoners with co-occurring substance misuse and mental health disorders. Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive literature search of PsycINFO, JSTOR, PubMed and Google Scholar, reviewing international studies on dual diagnosis amongst offender and community samples spanning the last three decades, supplemented by international policy, guidance papers and reports was conducted to explore how services can be improved. Findings: It was found that research into dual diagnosis amongst prisoners internationally was scarce. However, from the evidence available, several consistent factors emerged that led to the following recommendations: integrated treatment needs to be coordinated and holistic, staged and gender-responsive; increased availability of "low level", flexible interventions; transitional support and continuity of care upon release with the utilisation of peer mentors; comprehensive assessments in conducive settings; mandatory dual diagnosis training for staff; and increased funding for female/gender-responsive services. Implications: The recommendations can inform commissioners, funders and service providers of areas where support must be improved to address the needs of prisoners with a dual diagnosis. Improved outcomes for prisoners with a dual diagnosis would likely have a positive effect on society, with improvements in mental health and substance misuse treatment impacting on rates of reoffending. (Edited publisher abstract)
Substance abuse and co-occurring psychiatric disorders in older adults: a clinical case and review of the relevant literature
- Authors:
- SALMON Joanna Marie, FORESTER Brent
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 8(1), January 2012, pp.74-84.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Substance misuse is predicted to become an increasing problem in the older adult population in the United States. This article uses a brief clinical case study to illustrate the issues and to introduce a review of the literature related to substance use and psychiatric illness in older adults. The review looks at prevalence of substance use disorders, psychiatric illness and co-occurrence in older adults, drug interactions and sensitivity and tolerance to alcohol and drugs, neurobiological consequences and cognitive impairment, including alcoholism, depression and brain changes, identification and assessment, and treatment of co-occurring disorders in older people. The article notes the unique challenges relating to treatment of older adults with co-occurring disorders. The authors suggest that further research into the older adult population with substance use disorders and co-occurring illness is required.