Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Seriousness and lethality of attempted suicide: a systematic review
- Authors:
- LIOTTA Marco, MENTO Carmela, SETTINERIC Salvatore
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 21, 2015, pp.97-109.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The concepts of seriousness and lethality of suicide attempts are essential to the assessment of suicide risk and, therefore, to prevent suicidal behaviour. A review of the literature was conducted in order to identify the most important factors that increase the seriousness and potential lethality of attempted suicide. The factors identified were incorporated into four main categories: progression along the suicide continuum; age and gender; mental disorders and method of suicide. Although each category contains independent risk factors for the severity of the suicide attempt, their combination both within and, above all, between them, has emerged as the most important predictor of suicidal behaviour. (Publisher abstract)
Journalism and suicide reporting guidelines in Canada: perspectives, partnerships and processes
- Authors:
- GANDY Julia, TERRION Jenepher Lennox
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 17(5), 2015, pp.249-260.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Research suggests that reporting suicide in the media has the potential to influence vulnerable individuals to emulate suicide behaviour. Therefore, media guidelines for the responsible reporting of suicide have been developed and disseminated worldwide, but with mixed success. This study used semi-structured interviews with Canadian media professionals to understand the experience of reporting suicide and attitudes towards the suicide reporting guidelines in Canada. Findings indicate that media professionals view the guidelines as useful information within the bounds of normal reporting, but find them difficult to implement in light of media culture and realities. Interviews also highlighted the unique challenges of working across sectors with different sets of values, priorities and working styles. The study echoes the literature suggesting that collaborative guideline development and implementation is essential to meaningfully change suicide reporting practices. (Edited publisher abstract)
National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness annual report 2015: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales
- Author:
- NATIONAL CONFIDENTIAL INQUIRY INTO SUICIDE AND HOMICIDE BY PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS
- Publisher:
- University of Manchester
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 95
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
Presents data and analysis on suicides and homicides in the UK between 2003 and 2013, focusing on mental health. Suicide figures show different patterns across the UK countries, with higher rates in Scotland and Northern Ireland and a recent rise in England and Wales. Key messages include: the rise in suicide among male mental health patients appears to be greater than in the general population - suicide prevention in middle aged males should be seen as a suicide prevention priority; it is in the safety of crisis resolution/home treatment that current bed pressures are being felt – the safe use of these services should be monitored and providers and commissioners (England) should review their acute care services; opiates are now the most common substance used in overdose – clinicians should be aware of the potential risks from opiate-containing painkillers and patients’ access to these drugs; families and carers are a vital but under-used resource in mental health care – with the agreement of service users, closer working with families would have safety benefits; good physical health care may help reduce risk in mental health patients – patients’ physical and mental health care needs should be addressed by mental health teams together with patients’ GPs; sudden death among younger in-patients continues to occur, with no fall – these deaths should always be investigated and physical health should be assessed on admission and polypharmacy avoided. (Edited publisher abstract)
Religion and the risk of suicide: longitudinal study of over 1 million people
- Authors:
- O'REILLY Dermot, ROSATO Michael
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 206(6), 2015, pp.466-470.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Background: Durkheim’s seminal historical study demonstrated that religious affiliation reduces suicide risk, but it is unclear whether this protective effect persists in modern, more secular societies. Aims: To examine suicide risk according to Christian religious affiliation and by inference to examine underlying mechanisms for suicide risk. If church attendance is important, risk should be lowest for Roman Catholics and highest for those with no religion; if religiosity is important, then ‘conservative’ Christians should fare best. Method: A 9-year study followed 1 106 104 people aged 16–74 years at the 2001 UK census, using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for census-based cohort attributes. Results: In fully adjusted models analysing 1119 cases of suicide, Roman Catholics, Protestants and those professing no religion recorded similar risks. The risk associated with conservative Christians was lower than that for Catholics (HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.97). Conclusions: The relationship between religious affiliation and suicide established by Durkheim may not pertain in societies where suicide rates are highest at younger ages. Risks are similar for those with and without a religious affiliation, and Catholics (who traditionally are characterised by higher levels of church attendance) do not demonstrate lower risk of suicide. However, religious affiliation is a poor measure of religiosity, except for a small group of conservative Christians, although their lower risk of suicide may be attributable to factors such as lower risk behaviour and alcohol consumption. (Publisher abstract)
Aiming for 'zero suicides': an evaluation of a whole system approach to suicide prevention in the East of England
- Author:
- MOULIN Lawrence
- Publisher:
- Centre for Mental Health
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 27
- Place of publication:
- London
This report considers the development of the ‘Zero Suicide’ Programme and highlights of the work undertaken and describes some of the underlying evidence and the learning from the work carried out. The programme aims to prevent suicides by creating a more open environment for people to talk about suicidal thoughts and enabling others to help them. It particularly aims to reach people who have not been reached through previous initiatives and to address gaps in existing provision. The report highlights a range of suicide prevention activities carried out in local communities. They included: training key public service staff such as GPs, police officers, teachers and housing officers; training others who may encounter someone at risk of taking their own life, such as pub landlords, coroners, private security staff, faith groups and gym workers; creating ‘community champions’ to put local people in control of activities; putting in place practical suicide prevention measures in ‘hot spots’ such as bridges and railways; working with local newspapers, radio and social media to raise awareness in the wider community; supporting safety planning for people at risk of suicide, involving families and carers throughout the process; and linking with local crisis services to ensure people get speedy access to evidence-based treatments. (Edited publisher abstract)
Relationships among depressive, passive-aggressive, sadistic and self-defeating personality disorder features with suicidal ideation and reasons for living among older adults
- Authors:
- SEGAL Daniel L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 19(12), 2015, pp.1071-1077.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Suicide among older adults is a major public health problem in the USA. In the authors' recent study, relationships between the 10 standard DSM-5 personality disorders (PDs) and suicidal ideation were studied, and they found that the PD dimensions explained a majority (55%) of the variance in suicidal ideation. To extend this line of research, the purpose of the present follow-up study was to explore relationships between the four PDs that previously were included in prior versions of the DSM (depressive, passive-aggressive, sadistic, and self-defeating) with suicidal ideation and reasons for living. (Edited publisher abstract)
Statistical update on suicide
- Author:
- OFFICE FOR NATIONAL STATISTICS
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department of Health
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 11
- Place of publication:
- London
Key statistical data on suicide in England, highlighting trends and rates by gender, number of suicides by people in contact with mental health services, inpatient suicides, self-inflicted deaths in prison, apparent suicides following police custody, and deaths mentioning helium poisoning. There were 4,727 suicides recorded in 2013, a rise of 214 since 2012. The overall trend in the suicide rates has been decreasing since 1998 until 2008 but has been rising slightly since. The three-year average rate for 2011-13 was 8.8 suicides per 100,000 general population. (Edited publisher abstract)
Suicide risk and mental health co-morbidities in a probationer population
- Authors:
- CARDARELLI Roberto, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 51(2), 2015, pp.145-152.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Mental health problems are disproportionately represented in the community corrections system with limited information on the epidemiology of mental health and correlated factors such as suicide among probationers. This study recruited 2,077 probationers who completed screeners for mental health and substance disorders and suicide risk. Results found 13% of probationers were at high risk of suicide. Those who screened positive for a mental health condition were between 2 and 8 times more likely to screen positive for suicide risk. Allocation of additional resources to mental health in the criminal justice system and to effectively coordinate existing mental health services is needed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Health and psychosocial service use among suicides without psychiatric illness
- Authors:
- LAW Yik Wa, WONG Paul W.C., YIP Paul S.F.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work: A journal of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), 60(1), 2015, pp.65-74.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Although mental illness is a major suicide risk factor, some cases of suicide list no symptoms of mental disorder at the time of death. Studying suicides without psychiatric illness has important implications for social work because this group's service needs seem to have been overlooked. The authors of this article conducted a psychological autopsy study of 150 people who committed suicide and 150 age- and gender-matched living controls. Suicides without psychiatric illness showed similar detectable psychopathology as the suicide and living control groups with nonpsychotic psychiatric disorders. Though suicides without psychiatric disorders showed fewer warning signs that could be noticed by their informants, they experienced more negative life events than living controls. The suicide cases without psychiatric illness also seemed to be less protected by enabling factors (such as social support and employment) than living controls with and without psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, they had lower use of services than the control and deceased-with-diagnosis groups. With fewer at-risk signs and poorer enabling resources, they were undetected or unengaged by the existing physical, psychiatric, and psychosocial services. This group should be of concern to social workers, who may develop community-based health education programmes and preventive services to meet this vulnerable population's psychosocial needs. (Edited publisher abstract)
Suicide and related-behavior among youth involved in the juvenile justice system
- Authors:
- SCOTT Michelle, UNDERWOOD Maureen, LAMIS Dorian A.
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 32(6), 2015, pp.517-527.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Youth in the juvenile justice system are at significant risk for suicidal thoughts, behaviours and deaths. Approximately 70 % of youth in the juvenile justice system have at least one mental health diagnosis which increases their risk for suicide. Over the past 20 years, the juvenile justice system has made extensive efforts to identify and address the mental health needs of these youth. This paper reviews risk factors for suicidal behaviour, describes the current approaches and recommendations for programmes (i.e., mental health and suicide screening and risk assessment) and policies throughout the juvenile justice system to reduce the risk for suicide and related-behaviour among youth. (Edited publisher abstract)