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Attributable risk of psychiatric and socio-economic factors for suicide from individual-level, population-based studies: a systematic review
- Authors:
- LI Zhuoyang, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 72(4), February 2011, pp.608-616.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Fourteen case-control and cohort studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Although relative risk for suicide was much higher for psychiatric disorders compared to socioeconomic factors, the population attributable risk for some socioeconomic factors and some psychiatric disorders were found to be of the same order of magnitude. The suggestion that public health policy on suicide prevention should focus on lower risk, but higher prevalence, socioeconomic factors is discussed.
Targeting suicide - qualitative analysis of suicide prevention strategy documents in England and Finland
- Authors:
- SOLIN Pia, NIKANDER Pirjo
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review Journal, 16(1), March 2011, pp.5-14.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
In a policy context, suicide is not easily defined, understood or prevented. It leaves a long-lasting mental and social burden on those left behind, as well as direct consequences on the health sector and society as a whole. The means policy itself is often difficult to turn into action. This review details the interpretative repertoires found in the suicide prevention strategies of both England and Finland, and examines their potential functions and audiences. In both nations, the political repertoire was formed from four themes: the public health epidemiology; the everyday; the preventive action; and the reflective repertoires. The paper outlines the polyphonic and multi-layered nature of these policy documents and how different repertoires may be used for various functions. The paper concludes that, while the polyphonic nature of policy documents is necessary to reach a wider readership and to capture suicide as a controversial phenomenon, its argumentative style may also undermine some of the measures and actions recommended by policy itself.
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- Author:
- O'HARA Mary
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, July 2011, pp.12-14.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Many studies have shown that the stigma experienced by people with mental health problems can be made worse by negative reporting in the media. A recent study has compared the reporting of mental health topics in headlines and articles published in major newspapers in the United Kingdom and the United States between the years 1985 and 2009. Findings indicate that there is still much negative coverage of mental health, particularly in the tabloid press.
The national confidential inquiry into suicide and homicide by people with mental illness: annual report: England, Wales, and Scotland
- Authors:
- APPLEBY Louis, et al
- Publisher:
- University of Manchester
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 91p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
The National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness is a UK-wide research project established at the University of Manchester which examine all incidences of suicide and homicide by people in contact with mental health services in the UK, and also examine cases of sudden death in the psychiatric in-patient population. This annual report presents findings for: suicides in England and Wales for 1997-2008; suicides in Scotland 1998-2008; homicide convictions in England and Wales from 1997-2007; homicide convictions in Scotland from 1998-2008; and sudden unexplained deaths in England and Wales from 1999-2007. It includes statistics on the rates of suicide in the general population and in mental health service patients, by age group, sex, Strategic Health Authority, and by method of suicide. It also includes statistics on the rates of homicide in the general population, mentally ill people in the general population, and mental health service patients by various criteria including age and sex. For both suicides and homicides, the statistics include the number of mental health service patients who refused drug treatment and who missed their last appointment with services.
Principals' perceptions of benefits and barriers to school-based suicide prevention programs
- Authors:
- WHITNEY Stephen D., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 33(6), June 2011, pp.869-877.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
In the United States, schools are used as an effective setting for suicide prevention and intervention. While screening programmes are viewed as effective from a public health standpoint, they have little support from school principals. This study explored school principals’ perceptions of three school-based suicide prevention models (screening, in-service and curriculum-based), while also capturing opinions on barriers and benefits to implementation. Interviews were held with 7 principals from 3 elementary schools, 1 middle school and 3 high schools in a Midwestern state. Findings indicated wide agreement between principals that schools played a key role in suicide prevention, but they differed on which type of prevention approach was most suitable. They thought school-wide screening programme included more barriers to implementation than either the in-service or the curriculum-based programme, largely due to the perception of intrusive procedures by parents. The authors concluded with a discussion on improving suicide prevention efforts in a school setting.
Grouchy Old Men? Promoting older men's mental health and emotional well being
- Author:
- WILLIAMSON Toby
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 15(4), 2011, pp.164-176.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This paper provides an overview of key issues involved in older men's mental health and well-being, focusing on depression and suicide. It examines key mental health policy documents to see how far they address the mental health and well-being of older men. The paper goes on to describe a 2-year service improvement project called Grouchy Old Men? that finished in 2010. The project aimed to improve the mental health and well-being of older men, particularly those who were isolated and at risk of depression and suicide. To do this, the project worked collaboratively with individuals and organisations with an active issue in the issue. It used an organisational development approach based upon the concept of ‘change agent’ whereby the project aimed to act as a catalyst for change elsewhere. It did this through gathering and disseminating examples of good practice and by piloting a training module to raise awareness about the mental health of older men. An internal evaluation carried out at the end of the project and feedback from people who had participated in the training workshop indicated that the project had made a very positive impact.
Expanding cross-cultural understanding of suicide among immigrants: the case of the Somali
- Authors:
- KAMYA Hugo A., WHITE Erina
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 92(4), October 2011, pp.419-425.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
Somali immigrants frequently have to deal with not only the stress of immigration but also the effects of the violence in their home country premigration. Among vulnerable populations, especially those that have experienced trauma and violence, there is an increased risk of suicide. This study used focus groups to inquire about the lived experiences of Somali immigrants and refugees in a Northeastern metropolitan city. Five focus groups consisting of 4 to 6 participants were organised and met twice. Five major themes were extracted from the focus groups: reluctance to discuss the existence of suicide in their culture; the lack of words to describe and the reluctance to discuss depression, sadness, and mental illness; the role of religion as a protective factor and barrier; the role of family shame and social stigma as protective factors and barriers; and efforts to explain away suicide in the Somali community. The findings demonstrate the need for cultural competence and the need to engage in culturally informed ways when working with the Somali immigrant group, particularly surrounding issues of suicide and mental illness.