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Male suicide: policy briefing
- Authors:
- NESOM Suzanna, BRISTOW Dan
- Publisher:
- Wales Centre for Public Policy
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 5
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
This note provides an overview of male suicide rates and some of the causes, at both the UK and Wales level. Since 2016, the National Statistics definition of suicide for the UK includes all deaths from intentional self-harm for persons aged ten years and over, and deaths where the intent was undetermined for those aged 15 years and over. Deaths from an event of undetermined intent in ten to 14 year olds are not included, as it is not always clear whether the assumption that the harm was self-inflicted is appropriate. Data on the rates of suicide across the UK suggest that there is a gendered dimension to suicide. Male suicides accounted for around three quarters of the total in England and Wales in 2019. Of the 5,691 suicides registered in England and Wales in 2019, males accounted for three quarters of these (4303). This equates to a male suicide death rate of 16.9 per 100,000, compared with 5.3 deaths per 100,000 for the female suicide death rate in 2019. This represents an increase from the 2018 rate of 16.2 per 100,000 and is significantly higher than rates seen between 2014 and 2017. (Edited publisher abstract)
Talk to me 2: suicide and self harm prevention strategy and action plan for Wales: consultation document
- Author:
- WALES. Welsh Government
- Publisher:
- Welsh Government
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 4
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
A consultation document, seeking views on the national action plan to reduce suicide and self-harm in Wales. The plan sets out the strategic aims and objectives for the period 2014- 2019. It identifies priority people, places and actions and sets out how to deliver action nationally and locally. The consultation period ends on 5 March 2015. (Edited publisher abstract)
Everybody's business
- Authors:
- COOMBS Ruth, BRISCOE Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Openmind, 160, November 2009, pp.6-8.
- Publisher:
- MIND
Two current Welsh projects are outlined. The first, Mental Health First Aid for Wales trains frontline workers to deal quickly with common mental health problems. The second, Mind Cymru's Positive Choices project aims to reduce the suicide rate across Wales by raising awareness, breaking down stigma and improving the professional and public responses. Positive Choices includes an award winning training programme, Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (ASIST).
National Confidential inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness: annual report: England and Wales
- Author:
- UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER. Centre for Suicide Prevention. National Confidential Inquiry
- Publisher:
- University of Manchester. Centre for Suicide Prevention. National Confidential Inquiry
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 46p.
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
This report covers current issues, suicide, homicide, sudden unexplained death in psychiatric patients, an update on inquiry research projects, and recent reports and papers from the inquiry.
Mental health in prisons: some insights from death in custody investigations
- Author:
- SHAW Stephen
- Journal article citation:
- Prison Service Journal, 174, November 2007, pp.11-14.
- Publisher:
- Her Majesty's Prison Service of England and Wales
The author, the Prison and Probation Ombudsman, presents some key themes from his investigations into deaths in custody and what they say about the states of mental health services in prisons today. The themes discussed in the article are: that prisoner-patients tend to be at the back of the queue in accessing NHS psychiatric facilities; that there is a poor quality of mental health assessment for prisoners; and the lack of effectiveness of preventing self harm by implementing a policy of constant observation. The article is supported with a number of case examples.
What is the role of evidence in shaping suicide prevention policy in Wales?
- Author:
- MOORE Rosie
- Publisher:
- Wales Centre for Public Policy
- Publication year:
- 2022
- Pagination:
- 31
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
This research project aimed to explore the role of evidence in shaping suicide prevention policy in Wales through policy analysis and interviews with key policy actors in the field. Overall, Welsh suicide prevention policies and policy actors demonstrate a clear commitment to using evidence to shape suicide prevention policy in Wales. Policy actors believe that suicide prevention policy should be based on a broad range of evidence, encompassing epidemiology, academic research, expert advice, and lived experience. But while interviewees identified lived experience evidence as the most useful type of evidence for the purposes of suicide prevention policymaking, the evidence base of the current Welsh suicide prevention policy, Talk to Me 2, is dominated by quantitative, epidemiological evidence. This report recommends that, ahead of the upcoming review of Talk to Me 2, policymakers should: 1. Establish a lived experience steering group to ensure that lived experience is used effectively; 2. Gather more evidence on how suicide occurs across the life course (for example, how suicidality manifests and may be prevented in middle-aged men); 3. Continue to develop real-time suicide surveillance technology to improve the accuracy and reliability of suicide data; 4. Publish more frequent updates of the implementation of national suicide prevention policy in Wales; 5. Adopt a broader and more holistic understanding of suicide prevention, beyond the remit of mental health. (Edited publisher abstract)
Self-harm: treating people differently, intervening early
- Author:
- JOHN Ann
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, March 2012, pp.18-19.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Self-harm, usually defined as intentional self-poisoning or self-injury, is an important public health problem. The method, nature of motivation, or degree of suicidal intent is complex and may change for any individual over time. Long-term outcome studies in adults consistently highlight the association between self-harm and completed suicide. Those who repeat self-harm are at significantly greater risk of committing suicide than those how have a single episode. There are many factors associated with self-harm: mental health problems, particularly depression; alcohol and substance misuse; personality disorders; and a range of social, economic and cultural issues. All people who self-harm who present at hospital should have a psychosocial assessment and any associated disorders should be managed according to NICE guidelines. All frontline staff should receive suicide and self-harm awareness training and be enabled to manage people in a caring, compassionate manner.
The national confidential inquiry into suicide and homicide by people with mental illness: annual report: England, Wales, and Scotland
- Authors:
- APPLEBY Louis, et al
- Publisher:
- University of Manchester
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 91p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
The National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness is a UK-wide research project established at the University of Manchester which examine all incidences of suicide and homicide by people in contact with mental health services in the UK, and also examine cases of sudden death in the psychiatric in-patient population. This annual report presents findings for: suicides in England and Wales for 1997-2008; suicides in Scotland 1998-2008; homicide convictions in England and Wales from 1997-2007; homicide convictions in Scotland from 1998-2008; and sudden unexplained deaths in England and Wales from 1999-2007. It includes statistics on the rates of suicide in the general population and in mental health service patients, by age group, sex, Strategic Health Authority, and by method of suicide. It also includes statistics on the rates of homicide in the general population, mentally ill people in the general population, and mental health service patients by various criteria including age and sex. For both suicides and homicides, the statistics include the number of mental health service patients who refused drug treatment and who missed their last appointment with services.
Suicide in mental health in-patients and within 3 months of discharge: national clinical survey
- Authors:
- MEEHAN Janet, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 188(2), February 2006, pp.129-134.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Background Suicide prevention is a health service priority. Suicide risk may be greatest during psychiatric in-patient admission and following discharge. This study aimed to describe the social and clinical characteristics of a comprehensive sample of in-patient and post-discharge cases of suicide. A national clinical survey based on a 4-year (1996–2000) sample of 4,859 cases of suicide in England and Wales who had been in recent contact with mental health services. There were 754 (16%) current in-patients and a further 1100 (23%) had been discharged from psychiatric in-patient care less than 3 months before death. Nearly a quarter of the in-patient deaths occurred within the first 7 days of admission; 236 (31%) occurred on the ward, the majority by hanging. Post-discharge suicide was most frequent in the first 2 weeks after leaving hospital; the highest number occurred on the first day. It is concluded that suicide might be prevented among in-patients by improving ward design and removing fixtures that can be used in hanging. Prevention of suicide after discharge requires early community follow-up and closer supervision of high-risk patients.
Suicide within 12 months of mental health service contact in different age and diagnostic groups: national clinical survey
- Authors:
- HUNT Isabelle, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 188(2), February 2006, pp.135-142.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Background Suicide prevention is a health service priority but the most effective approaches to prevention may differ between different patient groups. This study aimed to describe social and clinical characteristics in cases of suicide from different age and diagnostic groups. A national clinical survey of a 4-year (1996–2000) sample of 4,859 cases of suicide in England and Wales where there had been recent contact with mental health services. Deaths of young patients were characterised by jumping from a height or in front of a vehicle, schizophrenia, personality disorder, unemployment and substance misuse. In older patients, drowning, depression, living alone, physical illness, recent bereavement and suicide pacts were more common. People with schizophrenia were often in-patients and died by violent means. About a third of people with depressive disorder died within a year of illness onset. Those with substance dependence or personality disorder had high rates of disengagement from services. Prevention measures likely to benefit young people include targeting schizophrenia, dual diagnosis and loss of service contact; those aimed at depression, isolation and physical ill-health should have more effect on elderly people.