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Crime and victimization among people with intellectual disability with and without comorbid mental illness
- Authors:
- THOMAS Stuart D. M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(5), 2019, pp.1088-1095.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Accumulating evidence internationally points to an increased risk of crime perpetration and victimization among people with an intellectual disability (ID). This study aimed to examine the impact that comorbid mental illness had on the association between intellectual disability, crime perpetration and criminal victimization. Method: A case linkage methodology involving 2,220 individuals with an intellectual disability from an Australian State. Results: One in four (27%) had contacts with public mental health services; 8.2% had a comorbid mental illness. This “dual disability” group was between 2.97 and 3.22 times more likely than those with intellectual disability alone to have a history of criminal charges, and between 2.76 and 2.97 times more likely to have been a victim of crime. Conclusion: The extent of criminality and victimization found among people with dual disability indicates a potentially multiply stigmatized group for whom the need for a coordinated cross‐agency service response remains paramount. (Edited publisher abstract)
Affiliate stigma among caregivers of people with intellectual disability or mental illness
- Authors:
- MAK Winnie W. S., CHEUNG Rebecca Y. M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21(6), November 2008, pp.532-545.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Affiliate stigma refers to the extent of self-stigmatization among associates of the targeted minorities. Given previous studies on caregiver stigma were mostly qualitative in nature, a conceptually based, unified, quantitative instrument to measure affiliate stigma is still lacking. Two hundred and ten caregivers of people with intellectual disability (CPID) and 108 caregivers of people with mental illness (CPMI) were recruited through non-governmental organizations and self help organizations in various districts of Hong Kong to validate the 22-item Affiliate Stigma Scale with caregiving stress, subjective burden and positive perceptions. Exploratory factor analysis suggested that the scale was unidimensional, with excellent internal consistencies for both CPID and CPMI. It showed good predictive validity on subjective burden, after the extent of caregiving involvement and caregiving stress were controlled for. Implications on psychoeducation and stigma reduction were discussed. The newly developed scale provided a quantitative instrument with which affiliate stigma can be compared across different conditions.
Effect of perceived stigmatisation on the quality of life among ageing female family carers: a comparison of carers of adults with intellectual disability and carers of adults with mental illness
- Authors:
- CHOU Y.C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53(7), July 2009, pp.654-664.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Little account has been taken of quality of life (QoL) among family carers of adults with an intellectual disability (ID) and family carers of adults with a mental illness (MI), particularly the female ageing carers' perceived stigma. This study explores whether there are differences in the significant predictors of female ageing family carers' QoL between family carers of adults with ID and family carers of adults with MI and aims to examine the effect of these differences in stigma on carer QoL between the two groups. A structural survey interview was administered to 350 female family carers supporting persons with ID and 66 female carers supporting persons with MI; the carers were aged 55 years and older, and the interviews were carried between July 2006 and April 2007 at the carers' homes in a county in Taiwan. The survey package contained standardised scales to measure the carer's stigma, social support, QoL and health as well as adult and carer socio-demographic data. The results highlight that in both groups the ageing female family carers' health and social support were strongly associated with the level of their QoL even though there was also a strong effect of carers' perceived stigma on their QoL. Contrary to previous findings, ageing female family carers of adults with MI had a higher level of QoL compared with the carers of adults with ID. Hierarchical regressions show a stronger effect of perceived stigma on the carer QoL among the family carers of adults with MI than among the carers of adults with ID. The authors conclude that this study suggests that attempts to improve these female older family carers' health and social support must include their lifelong unmet needs in terms of how to cope with the perceived stigma associated with their position.
Stigmatized and perpetual parents: older parents caring for adult children with life-long disabilities
- Authors:
- KELLY Timothy B., KROPF Nancy P.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 24(1/2), 1995, pp.3-16.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Large number of elders provide care for family members rather than receive care. Explores the unique stresses and strains in the caregiving relationships between older parents and their adult children with developmental disabilities or mental illness. Implications for practice and policy are drawn.