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Filmed v. live social contact interventions to reduce stigma: randomised controlled trial
- Authors:
- CLEMENT Sarah, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 201(1), July 2012, pp.57-64.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Direct social contact interventions are known to reduce mental health stigma. The authors suggest that filmed contact may be equally effective. They tested the hypotheses that: DVD and live interventions are equally effective; and interventions with social contact (DVD/live) are more effective than a lecture. Cost-effectiveness, process and acceptability were also assessed. Student nurses (n=216) were randomised to: watch a DVD of service users/informal carers talking about their experiences, watch a similar live presentation, or attend a lecture. Primary outcomes were changes in attitudes (using the Mental Illness: Clinicians Attitudes Scale, MICA), emotional reactions (using the Emotional Reactions to Mental Illness Scale, ERMIS), intended proximity (using the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale, RIBS), and knowledge (using the Social Contact Intended Learning Outcomes, SCILO), immediately after the intervention and at 4-month follow-up. The results broadly confirmed the hypothesis. There were no differences between the DVD and live groups on MICA, ERMIS or RIBS scores. The DVD group had higher SCILO (knowledge) scores. The combined social contact group (DVD/live) had better MICA and RIBS scores than the lecture group, the latter difference maintained at 4 months. The DVD was the most cost-effective intervention, and the live session the most popular. The authors suggest that wider use of filmed social contact interventions could be a cost-effective way of reducing stigma about mental illness.
How can we make mental health education work?
- Authors:
- RETHINK, INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY
- Publisher:
- Rethink; Institute of Psychiatry
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 18p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report has been written for people interested in breaking down stigma and discrimination attached to mental ill-health. It provides an overview of some of the steps to consider when setting up an anti-discrimination programme and reports on the success of one such project. Section 1 explores "stigma busting" approaches. Section 2 describes Kent Mental Health Awareness in Action project which involved the Institute of Psychiatry, World Psychiatric Association, and two local awareness groups. Section 3 is an evaluation of the Kent Workshop Programme. The report concludes with recommendations for how mental health education can be made to work.
Experts by experience
- Authors:
- WHITTAKER Andy, GILMOUR Fiona
- Journal article citation:
- Open Mind, 88, November 1997, p.10.
- Publisher:
- MIND
Reports on the work of a Dutch mental health organisation, the Pandora Foundation, which has found that users' skills in breaking down stigma are a potent force.
No health without mental health: a cross-government mental health outcomes strategy for people of all ages: supplementary note to the 'No health without mental health' impact assessment, to accompany publication of an implementation framework
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department of Health
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department of Health
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 16p.
- Place of publication:
- London
In February 2011 the Government published No Health Without Mental Health, its cross-government, all-age strategy for mental health in England. An Impact Assessment (IA) was published at the same time. The Implementation framework (the Framework) was published in 2012 in order to translate the strategy’s 6 high-level objectives into specific actions and interpret them for particular audiences. The Framework sets out potential actions that a range of local organisations can take to implement the strategy and to improve mental health and wellbeing outcomes for people, while contributing to the broader efficiency agenda. The purpose of this supplementary note is to add to this evidence base where appropriate, in particular where an action featured in the framework has not been discussed in the IA. It describes why the publication of the Framework was needed. It also provides additional evidence on some actions featured in the Framework, have not been discussed in detail in the IA. These include: evidence-based mental health training for a wide range of professionals; involving people with mental health problems, their families and carers in commissioning and service design processes; measuring progress (the mental health dashboard); and reducing mental health stigma and tackling discrimination.
Right here: literature review summary version: young people aged 16 to 25: the promotion of mental health and well-being and the early intervention in mental health problems
- Author:
- GARCIA Ines
- Publisher:
- Mental Health Foundation; Paul Hamlyn Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 16p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This paper summarises a review of the literature on promoting young people’s mental health and early intervention in mental health problems. The literature search was wide ranging but focused on UK research in the last five years. The authors begin by looking at how mental health and its problems are defined, the numbers of young people experiencing problems and the potential impacts of poor mental health. Risk and protective factors are discussed alongside strategies to promote mental health and resilience. Perceptions of mental health and stigma and discrimination are explored and the evidence regarding how best to tackle these issues reviewed. The paper also looks at the importance of, challenges to, and the impact of meaningful young person participation in developing new projects, programmes and services. The review concludes that: mental health is more than the absence of mental health problems, increased focus on mental health is needed; early intervention in detecting and treating problems is essential, as is promoting mental health; strategic frameworks promoting mental health and resilience need to strengthen both individuals and communities, and reduce barriers; fully-evaluated action plans that promote the mental health and resilience during times of transition are needed; action plans to tackle stigma and discrimination are crucial; and all organisations need to ensure meaningful young people’s participation.
Stamp Out Stigma campaign: challenging attitudes to support and build a recovery-orientated ethos in substance misuse, mental health and dual diagnosis services
- Authors:
- HIND Alix;, MANLEY David
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 3(1), February 2010, pp.23-25.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Stigma is a significant issue for people who experience dual diagnosis, and a number of researchers have investigated the attitudes of staff providing services – concluding that the attitudes are suboptimal. This article describes the development of the “Stamp Out Stigma” campaign developed by service users in Nottinghamshire Healthcare Trust. It highlights the positive benefits the campaign can have for service users, staff and the services they receive and/or in which they work. The campaign included, among other things, service user mentoring and living books – where service users spent time in libraries where people could ‘borrow’ them for 30 minutes to hear their story. The article outlines how people may develop mental issues because of substance abuse, or may abuse substances because of mental issues, and that both problems needs to be addressed without the naive assumption that one causes the other.
Mental health, service user involvement and recovery
- Editors:
- WEINSTEIN Jenny, (ed.)
- Publisher:
- Jessica Kingsley
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 224p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Written cooperatively by service users and academics, this book provides an overview of service user involvement in mental health, its origins and current practice and policy. It conveys a vital connection between recovery and involvement, offering a framework of values and helpful strategies to promote meaningful user participation. By sharing their personal narratives and views, service user authors demonstrate how taking control of their own care facilitates a swifter and more satisfying recovery. The book further acknowledges the bilateral value of user involvement in the development of mental health services, student learning, collaborative research and challenging social stigma, providing examples and critical appraisal of how this is currently being implemented. The book offers guidelines for good practice that will be relevant to health and social care practitioners, service users, students, researchers and educators.
Involving users in the development of mental health services: a study of psychiatrists' views
- Author:
- SUMMERS Alison
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 12(2), April 2003, pp.161-174.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Users involvement in mental health service development is increasing. Psychiatrists' attitudes are likely to affect the impact of this, but have not been systematically studied. Qualitative study based on interviews with 14 general psychiatrists in North-west England. Findings cover psychiatrists' expectations, hopes and concerns about user involvement. In general, psychiatrists talk about user involvement in terms of a scientific utilitarian frame of reference, and can be seen as clustering in three groups - optimists, rationalists and sceptics - according to the extent of their support. Expressed support seems likely to conceal a range of attitudes. Consideration is given to contextual and other influences on expressed views, and to potential stigmatization of service users. This study offers conceptual frameworks for further research and for work to develop user involvement. It suggests that overemphasis on a scientific paradigm may help to limit users' influence.
A mental health service users perspective to stigmatisation
- Authors:
- GREEN Gill, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 12(3), June 2003, pp.223-234.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Previous campaigns to combat stigma emphasise the need for people who do not have mental health problems to behave in a non-stigmatising socially inclusive way towards those who do. Less attention has been given to the role of people with mental health problems in the construction of stigma or the impact it has upon them. To enhance services' contribution to supporting their clients in dealing with stigma, this study explores the nature and impact of stigma from the perspective of the lived experience of mental health service users. In-depth interviews were conducted with 27 Caucasian service users. All respondents, whatever their diagnosis, reported being affected by stigma. Fear of stigma was found to be more commonplace (reported by 25 respondents) and more restrictive than overt discrimination (reported by 14 respondents). It is suggested that traditional campaigns that highlight discrimination may have a negative impact on the mentally ill because they highlight the prevalence of hostile attitudes. In so doing the stigmatised stereotype is perpetuated.
Right here: literature review: young people aged 16 to 25: the promotion of mental health and well-being and the early intervention in mental health problems
- Author:
- GARCIA Ines
- Publisher:
- Mental Health Foundation; Paul Hamlyn Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 42p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This review examines the literature on promoting young people’s mental health and early intervention in mental health problems. The literature search was wide ranging but focused on UK research in the last five years. The authors begin by looking at how mental health and its problems are defined, the numbers of young people experiencing problems and the potential impacts of poor mental health. Risk and protective factors are discussed alongside strategies to promote mental health and resilience. Perceptions of mental health and stigma and discrimination are explored and the evidence regarding how best to tackle these issues reviewed. The paper also looks at the importance of, challenges to, and the impact of meaningful young person participation in developing new projects, programmes and services. The review concludes that: mental health is more than the absence of mental health problems, increased focus on mental health is needed; early intervention in detecting and treating problems is essential, as is promoting mental health; strategic frameworks promoting mental health and resilience need to strengthen both individuals and communities, and reduce barriers; fully-evaluated action plans that promote the mental health and resilience during times of transition are needed; action plans to tackle stigma and discrimination are crucial; and all organisations need to ensure meaningful young people's participation. Appendices provide examples of interventions.