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A systematic review of some reliability and validity issues regarding the strengths and difficulties questionnaire focusing on its use in out-of-home care
- Authors:
- BERGSTROM Martin, BAVISKAR Siddhartha
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 18(1), 2021, pp.1-31.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Purpose: A systematic review was conducted to analyze the inter-rater reliability, cross-informant consistency, test-retest reliability, and temporal stability of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and its ability to discriminate. Method: We searched three databases for articles about the SDQ (parent, teacher, and self-report version), used samples of children up to age 18 and reported inter-rater reliability, cross-informant reliability, test-retest reliability, temporal stability, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: Focusing on the TDS, inter-rater, and cross-informant reliability showed acceptable values, but respondent types (e.g., mothers and fathers) are not interchangeable. Test-retest reliability and temporal stability were also acceptable, and not excessively high. Specificity and NPV were acceptable but not sensitivity and PPV. Discussion and Conclusion: Greater transparency is needed about who the respondent is when the term “parents” is used. The SDQ is an important supplement to service-as-usual assessments by social care professionals. (Edited publisher abstract)
Screening efficacy of the Child Behavior Checklist and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a systematic review
- Authors:
- WARNICK Erin M, BRACKEN Michael B, KASL Stanislav
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 13(2), 2008, pp.140-147.
- Publisher:
- Wiley-Blackwell
Data from 29 Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and three Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) studies are reviewed and meta-analysed to explore the screening efficiency of reports completed by the primary carers of children and young people with apparent behavioural or mental health problems. Comparative data were provided by clinician-based diagnosis or structured interview. Summary estimates of likelihood ratios were used, a measure of screening efficiency that compares the probability of a particular test results in patients with the disorder of interest to the probability of that result in patients without the disorder. The results support continued use of CBCL and SDQ primary carer reports in both clinic and community settings, despite several limitations in the evidence base that could usefully be addressed.
Instrumental activities of daily living in the screening of dementia in population studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- CASTILLA-RILO Juan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(9), September 2007, pp.829-836.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Despite the fact that the current definitions of dementia in the DSM-IV and ICD-10 require functional deterioration for the diagnosis of dementia, it is not necessary a formal evaluation of functional capacity. The objectives was to examine the efficiency of functional assessment as a method of screening dementia in population studies. This systematic review was based on information from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Index Médico Español (IME), and related articles. The studies included are population studies of patients over 65, in which normal and demented (established diagnosis) subjects are compared. In all of them, subjects were evaluated using the instrumental activities of daily living scale (IADL) as the method of screening for dementia. Two thousand three hundred and three abstracts and bibliographical references were reviewed. The authors of the selected studies were contacted and asked about other ongoing studies or indexes not included in the review in order to complete a meta-analysis. Finally, five studies were selected (n = 11.960). A meta-analysis was performed, with a statistical Q* value of 0.88 (SE 0.26). The functional assessment of the IADL showed an acceptable efficiency for the screening of dementia in the population studies included in this review, although few studies have verified this efficiency (sensitivity and specificity of the scales used). Further research is necessary in this field to be able to draw definitive conclusions.
Screening for geriatric depression in residential care facilities: a systematic narrative review
- Authors:
- AZULAI Anna, WALSH Christine A.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 58(1), 2015, pp.20-45.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Studies in residential care facilities suggest that routine screening can assist in the early detection of geriatric depression. However, the effectiveness of screening instruments in residential care in the US and Canada has not been adequately evaluated. The authors conducted a systematic narrative review of the English-language literature published between 2000 and 2010 on screening instruments used for depression detection in older adults living in residential care facilities. The review yielded nine scales and their modifications tested in residential care, which were evaluated. The authors provide specific recommendations for the use of effective scales and discuss implications for practice, policy and research. (Edited publisher abstract)
A systematic review of cognition in homeless children and adolescents
- Authors:
- PARKS Randolph W., STEVENS Richard J., SPENCER Sean A.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 100(1), January 2007, pp.46-50.
- Publisher:
- Royal Society of Medicine
Homelessness might be hypothesised to carry many risks for the developing minds and brains of children and adolescents, and the purpose of this review was to identify whether this hypothesis has been tested. The results show that, despite the vast numbers of children and adolescents who are homeless across the world, only ten studies focusing on these populations and reporting cognitive assessments could be identified. Most of these are cross-sectional studies undertaken in the USA, and their relevance for other settings may be limited. However, they do indicate that homeless children may be more cognitively impaired than disadvantaged ones from comparable backgrounds who do have homes. The evidence on adolescents is even more limited, but also suggests a risk of cognitive impairment. The authors recommend the introduction of cognitive evaluation and brief intelligence screening for homeless children and adolescents, as well as psychiatric or psychological screening of the latter where prior physical, sexual or substance abuse is suspected.