A sample of 400 HIV positive subjects (78.5% female) attending three health clinics in Cape Town participated in the study. Each participant was presented with two vignettes depicting DSM-IV symptoms of depression, post-traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse disorders, and schizophrenia and then completed a questionnaire to assess their mental health literacy and attitudes towards the psychiatric disorders. Only 23% of the respondents reported that the case study presented to them was typical of a mental illness, 11% believed that the descriptions were of someone with a ‘normal response’. Most respondents (86%) reported that the behaviour described in the vignettes was typical of a weak character. Psychiatric disorders were viewed as stress-related 70-91% of the time. Seeking help from a medical professional was often endorsed as an effective treatment option, while taking medication was rarely endorsed. The participants held negative attitudes towards people with psychiatric disorders. People with substance abuse and PTSD were stigmatised more than those with depression or schizophrenia. The authors conclude that the findings suggest that there is a need to increase access to mental health information and services to South Africans with HIV. Interventions to increase mental health literacy and reduce stigma associated with psychiatric disorders may increase the likelihood of PLWHA seeking treatment should they suffer from these conditions.
A sample of 400 HIV positive subjects (78.5% female) attending three health clinics in Cape Town participated in the study. Each participant was presented with two vignettes depicting DSM-IV symptoms of depression, post-traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse disorders, and schizophrenia and then completed a questionnaire to assess their mental health literacy and attitudes towards the psychiatric disorders. Only 23% of the respondents reported that the case study presented to them was typical of a mental illness, 11% believed that the descriptions were of someone with a ‘normal response’. Most respondents (86%) reported that the behaviour described in the vignettes was typical of a weak character. Psychiatric disorders were viewed as stress-related 70-91% of the time. Seeking help from a medical professional was often endorsed as an effective treatment option, while taking medication was rarely endorsed. The participants held negative attitudes towards people with psychiatric disorders. People with substance abuse and PTSD were stigmatised more than those with depression or schizophrenia. The authors conclude that the findings suggest that there is a need to increase access to mental health information and services to South Africans with HIV. Interventions to increase mental health literacy and reduce stigma associated with psychiatric disorders may increase the likelihood of PLWHA seeking treatment should they suffer from these conditions.
Subject terms:
HIV AIDS, mental health education, mental health problems, post traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, stereotyped attitudes, substance misuse, attitudes, depression;
Substance use is common in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, which can increase the risks of use developing into a substance use disorder. Conversely, substance use disorders are frequently accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. In some people these indicate formal psychiatric disorder. Whatever the causes, comorbidity may complicate treatment and resolution of both disorders, often presenting as a vicious circle that is difficult to break.
Substance use is common in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, which can increase the risks of use developing into a substance use disorder. Conversely, substance use disorders are frequently accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. In some people these indicate formal psychiatric disorder. Whatever the causes, comorbidity may complicate treatment and resolution of both disorders, often presenting as a vicious circle that is difficult to break.
Subject terms:
mental health problems, personality disorders, post traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, substance misuse, alcohol misuse, bipolar disorder, drug misuse, dual diagnosis;
British Journal of Psychiatry, 182(5), May 2003, pp.373-375.
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Emotional dysfunction is pervasive even in non-affective psychosis. Sometimes (and unhelpfully) referred to as 'comorbidity', these disorders include depression, usually accompanied by hopelessness and suicidal thinking; social anxiety, usually accompanied by social avoidance and problems in forming relationships; and traumatic symptoms (post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD). There is also the distress (fear, anger, shame) attached to the experience of psychotic symptoms.
Emotional dysfunction is pervasive even in non-affective psychosis. Sometimes (and unhelpfully) referred to as 'comorbidity', these disorders include depression, usually accompanied by hopelessness and suicidal thinking; social anxiety, usually accompanied by social avoidance and problems in forming relationships; and traumatic symptoms (post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD). There is also the distress (fear, anger, shame) attached to the experience of psychotic symptoms.
Subject terms:
mental health problems, personality disorders, post traumatic stress disorder, psychiatry, schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, diagnosis;
This book is designed to make the best available evidence easily accessible to mental health practitioners, general practitioners and students. The content is maintains standards of rigorous quality control and ease of access to relevant evidence. For each of the following conditions the literature has been thoroughly searched, appraised and condensed into concise but comprehensive summaries: Alzheimer's disease, Anorexia nervosa, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, Bulimia nervosa, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Depression in children and adolescents, Depressive disorders, Generalised anxiety disorder, Obsessive compulsive disorder, Panic disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder, and Schizophrenia.
This book is designed to make the best available evidence easily accessible to mental health practitioners, general practitioners and students. The content is maintains standards of rigorous quality control and ease of access to relevant evidence. For each of the following conditions the literature has been thoroughly searched, appraised and condensed into concise but comprehensive summaries: Alzheimer's disease, Anorexia nervosa, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, Bulimia nervosa, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Depression in children and adolescents, Depressive disorders, Generalised anxiety disorder, Obsessive compulsive disorder, Panic disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder, and Schizophrenia.
Describes a model for treating dual diagnosis patients and looks at the necessary training involved.
Describes a model for treating dual diagnosis patients and looks at the necessary training involved.
Subject terms:
mental health problems, models, needs, personality disorders, post traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, severe mental health problems, treatment, therapy and treatment, alcohol misuse, depression, drug misuse;
Within the context of the growing demands for ethical, legal, and fiscal accountability in psychosocial practices, this book provides a comprehensive resource for social workers and other human service professionals. Examining both adult disorders and problems and disorders of couples, children, and families, the book looks at how to 1) conduct clinical assessments informed by current human behaviour science; 2) implement interventions supported by current outcome research; and 3) engage in evaluation as part of daily practice to ensure effective implementation of evidence-based practices. Sample assessment/evaluation instruments (contributed by leading experts) allow practitioners and students to better understand their use as both assessment and evaluation tools. Case studies and sample treatment plans help the reader bridge the gap between clinical research and everyday practice. Overall, the book provides practitioners and students with a thoroughly researched yet practice-oriented resource for learning and implementing effective assessment, intervention and evaluation methods for a wide array of psychosocial disorders and problems-in-living in adults, children and families.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Within the context of the growing demands for ethical, legal, and fiscal accountability in psychosocial practices, this book provides a comprehensive resource for social workers and other human service professionals. Examining both adult disorders and problems and disorders of couples, children, and families, the book looks at how to 1) conduct clinical assessments informed by current human behaviour science; 2) implement interventions supported by current outcome research; and 3) engage in evaluation as part of daily practice to ensure effective implementation of evidence-based practices. Sample assessment/evaluation instruments (contributed by leading experts) allow practitioners and students to better understand their use as both assessment and evaluation tools. Case studies and sample treatment plans help the reader bridge the gap between clinical research and everyday practice. Overall, the book provides practitioners and students with a thoroughly researched yet practice-oriented resource for learning and implementing effective assessment, intervention and evaluation methods for a wide array of psychosocial disorders and problems-in-living in adults, children and families.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
social work, evidence-based practice, research implementation, assessment, schizophrenia, post traumatic stress disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, anti-social behaviour, personality disorders, substance misuse, mental health problems, adults, children, conduct disorders, child abuse, child neglect, eating disorders, young people;
Section one contains orienting material and looks at: the consumer of mental health care; the history of mental health nursing and psychiatry; government policy and the organisation of mental health care; general consultation skills; principles of assessment; and evaluation of mental health nursing. Section two looks at approaches to user problems and includes information on: Schizophrenia; mood disorders; suicide and self harm; phobias and rituals; hypochondraisis and inappropriate illness behaviour; eating disorders; anger and impulse control; post traumatic disorders; children and young people; and mental disorders of older people. Section three is on mental health initiatives and looks at: advocacy; self help; and alternatives to traditional mental health treatments.
Section one contains orienting material and looks at: the consumer of mental health care; the history of mental health nursing and psychiatry; government policy and the organisation of mental health care; general consultation skills; principles of assessment; and evaluation of mental health nursing. Section two looks at approaches to user problems and includes information on: Schizophrenia; mood disorders; suicide and self harm; phobias and rituals; hypochondraisis and inappropriate illness behaviour; eating disorders; anger and impulse control; post traumatic disorders; children and young people; and mental disorders of older people. Section three is on mental health initiatives and looks at: advocacy; self help; and alternatives to traditional mental health treatments.
Subject terms:
law, mental health problems, mental health services, nursing, older people, phobias, post traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, self-help, service users, severe mental health problems, suicide, young people, advocacy, children, depression, eating disorders, evaluation, evidence-based practice;
Sets out to raise awareness about mental health problems in people with learning difficulties. Aimed at carers and service providers. Looks at: the roles of the professionals involved; current legislation; possible signs and symptoms; recognised interventions; and what carers can do to support. Also includes chapters on: depression; loss and bereavement; anxiety states; post traumatic stress disorder; eating disorders; schizophrenia; and dementia.
Sets out to raise awareness about mental health problems in people with learning difficulties. Aimed at carers and service providers. Looks at: the roles of the professionals involved; current legislation; possible signs and symptoms; recognised interventions; and what carers can do to support. Also includes chapters on: depression; loss and bereavement; anxiety states; post traumatic stress disorder; eating disorders; schizophrenia; and dementia.
Subject terms:
law, intervention, learning disabilities, mental health law, mental health problems, multiple disabilities, post traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, severe mental health problems, social care provision, treatment, therapy and treatment, anxiety, bereavement, carers, dementia, depression, eating disorders;