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Victims’ influence on intimate partner violence revictimization: an empirical test of dynamic victim-related risk factors
- Authors:
- KUIJPERS Karlijn F., VAN DER KNAAP Leontien M., WINKE Frans Willem
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(9), June 2012, pp.1716-1742.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Previous research has reported that not only characteristics of the perpetrator but also characteristics of the victim influence risk for intimate partner violence (IPV). This would suggest that prevention of repeat abuse could benefit from a focus on both perpetrator and victim characteristics. The aim of this study was to examine to what extent prior IPV and, in particular, dynamic victim-related factors influence the risk for future IPV. Specifically, the study examined how 3 key factors (partner violence, victims’ psychological difficulties, and victims’ resilience) relate to risk for IPV revictimisation. The participants were 156 female, help-seeking IPV victims recruited from various victim support services in the Netherlands in 4 large and 4 medium-sized cities. The participants completed questionnaires at 3 timepoints: at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months. The findings show that victim-related variables significantly contributed to the prediction of any physical IPV revictimisation and the severity of psychological IPV revictimisation and, moreover, that they did so in addition to the influence of any prior violence committed by a partner against the victim (i.e., any prior IPV victimisation). Knowledge on these factors might help victims of IPV to end the abuse they experience at the hands of their partners.
Religious coping in highly religious psychiatric inpatients
- Author:
- PIEPER Joseph Z. P.
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Religion and Culture, 7(4), December 2004, pp.349-363.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study among highly religious psychiatric patients in a mental hospital in the Netherlands focused on the following issues: their religious and spiritual beliefs and activities; their religious coping activities, measured using Pargament's three coping styles and a positive religious coping scale; the influence of religious coping on psychological and existential well-being; and the predictive value of general religiousness, as compared with religious coping activities, regarding psychological and existential well-being. For this population of inpatients, religion had a positive influence on their ways of dealing with mental problems; religious coping was positively correlated with existential and psychological well-being. General religiousness as well as religious coping were positively correlated with existential well-being, whereas psychological well-being primarily was predicted by positive religious coping. Results are discussed in the context of theoretical notions of religious coping, addressing in particular the positive influence of religious beliefs, relying on God, religious activities and religious social support in psychological and existential times of crisis.
Coping defence and depression in adolescents hearing voices
- Authors:
- ESCHER Sandra, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 12(1), February 2003, pp.91-99.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
The level of self-initiated coping defences in the face of auditory hallucinations reflects the degree to which the psychotic experiences are exceeding the person's resources. As it has been suggested that individuals who feel overwhelmed by their psychotic experiences are also more likely to develop depression, greater levels of self-initiated coping defences should predict onset of depression in the context of auditory hallucinations. Eighty adolescents who reported hearing voices were examined at baseline and followed-up three times over a period of 3 years. Fifty per cent were receiving professional care, but 50% were not in need of care. Baseline measurement of self-initiated coping defences and psychopathology were used as predictors of depression at follow-up. Baseline level of self-initiated coping was strongly associated with baseline severity of positive psychotic symptoms. Coping at baseline, with the exception of active problem solving, predicted an increase in the level of depression over the follow-up period, independent of baseline psychopathology, demographic characteristics, receipt of professional care and appraisals and attributions related to the voices. The results suggest that individuals who have a tendency to feel overwhelmed by the experience of voices, as evidenced by a more defensive style of response, are more likely to develop depression.