Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Epilepsy and non-organic non-affective psychosis: national epidemiological study
- Authors:
- BREDKJAER Soren Rask, MORTENSEN Preben Bo, PARNAS Josef
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 172, March 1998, pp.235-238.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This article tests the hypothesis that epilepsy increases the risk of developing schizophrenia and other non-affective functional psychoses using a nation-wide sample of people with epilepsy. The findings support the notion of an association between epilepsy and the risk of subsequent non-affective psychosis.
Risk, trust and the myth of mental health services
- Authors:
- VASSILEV Ivaylo, PILGRIM David
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 16(3), June 2007, pp.347-357.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Strictly "mental health" should, as its name suggests, be about health, yet there is now a global discourse about "mental health" which actually alludes mainly to the clinical, organizational and legal aspects of managing mental disorder. Indeed, "mental health" law deals with the conditions under which people diagnosed with mental disorder can be lawfully compelled to accept treatment. This paradoxical use of language requires further examination. The paper aims to problematize the taken for granted notion of "mental health services". It draws upon general sociological work on "risk" and "trust". The trustworthiness of ordinary language accounts and professional codifications are considered before examining the sociological implications of the controversy about the abuse of psychiatry. The risks to and from patients in routine mental health work, and the betrayal of trust as both a normal part of care and its corruption in mental health work are outlined. The paper concludes that "mental health services" are a myth in as much as they are mostly concerned with mental disorder and control (at least to the bulk of identified patients which form the focus of their activity).
Psychiatric disorders in Mexico: lifetime prevalence in a nationally representative sample
- Authors:
- MEDINA-MORA Maria Elena, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 190(6), June 2007, pp.521-528.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
No national data on lifetime prevalence and risk factors for DSM–IV psychiatric disorders are available in Mexico. The aim was to present data on lifetime prevalence and projected lifetime risk, age at onset and demographic correlates of DSM–IV psychiatric disorders assessed in the Mexican National Comorbidity Survey. The survey was based on a multistage area probability sample of non-institutionalised people aged 18–65 years in urban Mexico. The World Mental Health Survey version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered by lay interviewers. Of those surveyed, 26.1% had experienced at least one psychiatric disorder in their life and 36.4% of Mexicans will eventually experience one of these disorders. Half of the population who present with a psychiatric disorder do so by the age of 21 and younger cohorts are at greater risk for most disorders. Our results suggest an urgent need to re-evaluate the resources allocated for the detection and treatment of psychiatric illnesses in Mexico.
Prevalence of substance misuse in first-episode psychosis
- Authors:
- CANTWELL Roch, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 174, February 1999, pp.150-153.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study identifies the prevalence and pattern of substance use and misuse in first-episode psychosis, and relationships with diagnosis, mode of presentation and demographic variables. It confirms high rates of substance misuse at onset of psychosis. There is evidence for an increase in diagnosis of substance-related psychotic disorder over time. Those most at risk of substance misuse are young males.
Mortality in individuals who have had psychiatric treatment: population-based study in Nova Scotia
- Author:
- KISELY Stephen
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 18(6), December 2005, pp.552-556.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Most studies of mortality in psychiatric patients have investigated in-patients rather than those attending out-patient clinics or primary care, where most receive treatment. The aim was to evaluate the mortality risk in mental illness for patients in contact with psychiatric services or primary care (n=221 048) across Nova Scotia (population 936 025). A population-based record-linkage analysis was made of the period 1995-2000, using an inception cohort to calculate mortality rate ratios. The mortality rate was 1.74, with increased ratios for all major causes of death. Male mortality was almost double that of females after controlling for demographic factors, treatment setting and place of residence. Patients of lower income, in specialist psychiatric settings, and with dementia or psychoses were also at greater risk. However, in absolute numbers, 72% of deaths occurred in patients who had only seen their general practitioner. Mortality risk is increased in all psychiatric patients, not just those who have received in-patient treatment.
Mind the gap: service transition and interface problems for patients with eating disorders
- Authors:
- TREASURE Janet, SCHMIDT Ulrike, HUGO Pippa
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(5), November 2005, pp.398-400.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Recent reports and guidelines that have an impact on the management of people with eating disorders are summarised. The core competencies of every psychiatrist should include: the ability to assess acute risk (including a medical evaluation) and long-term prognosis, and to know what treatments effectively address these needs.
Neurosis and mortality in persons aged 65 and over living in the community: a systematic review of the literature
- Authors:
- DEWEY Michael E., CHEN Chih-Mei
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(6), June 2004, pp.554-557.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
No previous attempt has been made to synthesise information on mortality and neurosis in older people. Our objective was to estimate the influence on mortality of various types of neurosis in the older population. Data sources were: Medline; Embase; and personal files. Studies were considered if they included a majority of persons aged 65 and over at baseline either drawn from a total community sample or drawn from a random sample from the community. Studies which sampled from a larger age range were also included if it was possible to retrieve results about those aged 65 and over. Samples from health care facilities were excluded. Effect sizes were extracted from the papers and if they were not included in the published papers effect sizes were calculated if possible. No attempt was made to contact authors for missing data. We found seven reports (six of which used a neurosis diagnosis and one which used a symptom scale). Using Fisher's method we found an increase in mortality which was not significant (p = 0.08). There have been few studies, and the evidence is weakly in favour of an increased mortality risk.
Psychiatric complications in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the acute treatment phase: a series of 10 cases
- Authors:
- CHENG S. K. W., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 184(4), April 2004, pp.359-360.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
In February 2003, Hong Kong was hit by a community-wide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). During the period of the outbreak, 10 patients with SARS with psychiatric complications were referred to our Consultation and Liaison Psychiatry Team for assessment and management. The authors found that both the direct and indirect effects of SARS such as symptom severity, total isolation during treatment and administration of steroid were probable causes of psychiatric complications. In this paper, they report on the nature of their psychiatric problems, challenges to management and psychiatric treatment strategies used during the acute phase.
Psychiatric effects of cannabis
- Author:
- JOHNS Andrew
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 178, February 2001, pp.116-122.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Aims To re-evaluate the adverse effects of cannabis in the general population and among vulnerable individuals, including those with serious psychiatric disorders. It was found that an appreciable proportion of cannabis users report short-lived adverse effects, including psychotic states following heavy consumption, and regular users are at risk of dependence. People with major mental illnesses such as schizophrenia are especially vulnerable in that cannabis generally provokes relapse and aggravates existing symptoms. Health workers need to recognise, and respond to, the adverse effects of cannabis on mental health.
Adult psychiatry - a missing link in child protection network: comments on Falkov's 'fatal child abuse and parental psychiatric disorder' (DOH, 1996)
- Authors:
- REDER Peter, DUNCAN Sylvia
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse Review, 6(1), March 1997, pp.35-40.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Discusses the Falkov report, the work of Falkov a child psychiatrist, which is primarily a statistical review of 'Part 8 Review' cases with the aim of identifying the prevalence of mental health problems in parents who abuse their children.