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No health without public mental health: the case for action
- Author:
- ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS
- Publisher:
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 46p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This statement sets out the Royal College of Psychiatrists' position on public mental health and outlines the contribution that public mental health makes to a wide range of health and social outcomes for individuals and society. It argues that the government should prioritise public mental health as part of public health policy, and sets out key points and features that should be part of a public mental health strategy. The document contains the following sections: epidemiology and impact of mental illness, mental health and inequalities, economic costs of mental illness, mental health underlies physical health, effects of positive mental health and well-being, interventions to reduce mental illness and promote mental well-being, and cost-effectiveness of prevention and promotion.
Preventing sexual contact between professionals and patients in forensic environments
- Author:
- PETER-THOMAS Brian
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 11(1), April 2000, pp.135-150.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
This articles considers the issue of sexual contact between staff and patients in psychiatry and, especially, forensic environments. The effect of these relationships is substantial on both the individual patient and the organization. Characteristics of patients and staff who become involved in this type of activity are discussed and the particular features of forensic environments are raised in relation to understanding the violation of intimate boundaries.
Assessment scales in child and adolescent psychiatry
- Authors:
- VERHULST Frank C., VAN DER ENDE Jan
- Publisher:
- Informa Healthcare
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 220p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Mental disorders such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), depression and autism have devastating consequences on the lives of children and adolescents. Early assessment of their mental health problems is essential for preventative measures and intervention. Assessment Scales in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry is a unique compendium which summarizes over 100 scales across the field of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Every scale is accompanied by information on the completion of each instrument to allow the reader to see, at a glance, the scope of the scale and its application. This guide will be of interest to everyone involved in assessing the mental health problems of children and adolescents and the effect that these may have on their daily life.
Suicide by prisoners: national clinical survey
- Authors:
- SHAW Jenny, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 184(3), March 2004, pp.263-267.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The number of suicides in prison has increased over recent years. This is the first study to describe the clinical care of a national sample of prison suicides. A national clinical survey based on a 2-year sample of self-inflicted deaths in prisoners. Detailed clinical and social information was collected from prison governors and prison health care staff. There were 172 self-inflicted deaths: 85 (49%; 95% CI 42-57) were of prisoners on remand; 55 (32%; 95% CI 25-39) occurred within 7 days of reception into prison. The commonest method was hanging or self-strangulation (92%; 95% CI 88-96). A total of 110 (72%; 95% CI 65-79) had a history of mental disorder. The commonest primary diagnosis was drug dependence (39, 27%; 95% CI 20-35). Eighty-nine (57%; 95% CI 49-64) had symptoms suggestive of mental disorder at reception into prison. Suicide prevention measures should be concentrated in the period immediately following reception into prison. Because hanging is the commonest method of suicide, removal of potential ligature points from cells should be a priority.
Nursing home suicides: a psychological autopsy study
- Authors:
- SOUMINEN Kirsi, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(12), December 2003, pp.1095-1101.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Older adults comprise a fifth of all suicides. Elders are the fastest growing part of the population, thus the number of persons needing nursing home care will increase dramatically in the near future. Little information has been available about suicides in nursing homes. The present study described all suicides among older adults in nursing homes in Finland during a 12-month period emphasizing the factors that have been found to be associated with suicide in the general elderly population. Drawing on data from a psychological autopsy study of all suicides (n=1397) in Finland during one year, all suicides committed by patients in nursing homes were identified. Retrospective DSM-IV consensus diagnoses were assigned. Twelve elderly (aged 60 years or more) nursing home residents who died by suicide, 0.9% of all suicides, were identified. The primary finding of the present study was that nursing home residents who died by suicide had suffered from highly comorbid somatopsychiatric disorders. One or more diagnoses on Axis I were made for all who died by suicide in nursing home. Depressive syndrome was diagnosed in three-quarters of subjects. Only a third of these were identified to have suffered from depressive symptoms before their death. Early recognition and adequate treatment of both somatic diseases and mental disorders, particularly depression, as well as early recognition of suicide risk among nursing home residents, are needed in order to prevent suicide.
Prevalence and experience of harassment of people with mental health problems living in the community
- Authors:
- BERZINS Kathyrn M., PETCH Alison, ATKINSON Jacqueline
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 183(12), December 2003, pp.526-533.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The levels and experiences of harassment of people with mental health problems in the community compared with those of the general population have not been explored. The aim was to measure the levels and experience of harassment experienced by people with mental health problems in the community in Scotland and compare them with the general population. Experiences of harassment were collected by interviewing 165 individuals with mental health problems and a control group of 165 people from the general population. Harassment in the community was found to be twice as common for individuals with mental health problems (41%) than for those in the general population (15%). The harassment commonly involved verbal abuse referring to the individual's mental health problems and was committed primarily by teenagers and neighbours. Harassment has a significantly higher prevalence among individuals with mental health problems living in the community and is believed to have a detrimental effect on mental health.
Evidence based mental health policy: a critical appraisal
- Author:
- COOPER Brian
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 183(8), August 2003, pp.105-113.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Arguments for and against evidence-based psychiatry have mostly centred on its value for clinical practice and teaching. Now, however, use of the same paradigm in evaluating health care has generated new problems. The aim of this article is to outline the development of evidence-based health care; to summarise the main critiques of this approach; to review the evidence now being employed to evaluate mental health care; and to consider how the evidence base might be improved. The following sources were monitored: publications on evidence-based psychiatry and health care since 1990; reports of randomised trials and meta-analytic reviews to the end of 2002; and official British publications on mental health policy. Although evidence-based health care is now being promulgated as a rational basis for mental health planning in Britain, its contributions to service evaluation have been distinctly modest. Only 10% of clinical trials and meta-analyses have been focused on effectiveness of services, and many reviews proved inconclusive. The current evidence-based approach is overly reliant on meta-analytic reviews, and is more applicable to specific treatments than to the care agencies that control their delivery. A much broader evidence base is called for, extending to studies in primary health care and the evaluation of preventive techniques.
Psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors for suicide: case-control psychological autopsy study
- Authors:
- CHENG Andrew T.A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, October 2000, pp.360-365.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Examines the individual and combined effects of psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors. Five major risk factors (loss event, suicidal behaviour in first-degree relatives, ICD-10 major depressive episode, emotionally unstable personality disorder and substance dependence) were found to have independent effects on suicide from multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis. Concludes that effective intervention and management for loss event and major depressive episode among emotionally unstable subjects with a family tendency of suicidal behaviour, frequently also comorbid with alcohol or other substance dependence, may prove to be most effective for suicide prevention in different populations.
Early intervention in psychosis: a guide to concepts, evidence and interventions
- Editors:
- BIRCHWOOD Max, FOWLER David, JACKSON Chris.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Publication year:
- 2000
- Pagination:
- 388p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Chichester
Argues that early intervention in psychosis can prevent or limit later difficulty. Discusses the concept of early intervention, strategies for early intervention and their implementation, and discusses the issues facing patients, families and professionals.
The Copenhagen model of early preventive intervention aimed at high risk families
- Author:
- LIER Lene
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Europe, 4(2), 1997, pp.15-18.
- Publisher:
- Russell House
Describes the development of infant psychiatric services in Copenhagen, aimed at high risk families, primarily mothers with mental illness, and their children from 0-3 years old.