Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Conditions for pets to prevent depression in older adults
- Authors:
- CHEUNG Chau-Kiu, KAM Ping Kwong
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 22(12), 2018, pp.1627-1633.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objective: The study aims to determine if and how pet availability and engagement predicted depression in older adults. The prediction can be unconditional or independent of the sociodemographic characteristics of the older adult and/or conditional or dependent on the characteristics. These predictions rest on the contribution of resources pooled from older adults, their spouses, and pets, according to ecological theory. Method: The present study analyzed the effects of pet availability and engagement based on a survey of 340 older adults in Hong Kong, China. Results: Pet engagement but not pet availability manifested a significant negative effect on depression unconditionally. In addition, pet availability and engagement indicated some significant negative effects conditionally, including living with the spouse as a condition. Conclusion: For preventing depression in older adults, promoting their pet availability and engagement is promising. Particularly, the promotion would be more effective for older adults living with their spouses and being more resourceful than for others. (Publisher abstract)
Is it worth investing in mental health promotion and prevention of mental illness? A systematic review of the evidence from economic evaluations
- Authors:
- ZECHMEISTER Ingrid, et al
- Journal article citation:
- BMC Public Health, 8(20), January 2008, Online only
- Publisher:
- BioMed Central Ltd
This systematic review aimed to identify and assess economic evaluations in mental health promotion and the prevention of mental illness to support prioritisation of resource allocation. Health and non health related bibliographic databases were reviewed, key journals hand searched and grey literature analysed. Economic evaluations of programmes that address mental health outcome parameters directly, those that address relevant risk factors of mental illness, as well as suicide prevention interventions were included, while evaluations of drug therapies were excluded. Fourteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was evidence that interventions can be cost-effective, especially when aimed at children and adolescents, but the wide variation in the methods used, the quality of the studies, and the target populations do not allow specific recommendations to be drawn.
Inequalities and the mental health of young people: a systematic review of secondary school-based cognitive behavioural interventions
- Authors:
- KAVANAGH J, et al
- Publisher:
- University College London. Institute of Education. EPPI-Centre
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 114p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This review aimed to increase what is known about promoting good mental health and mental health inequalities. It focused on the role of interventions based on the techniques of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for preventing and reducing suicidality, depression and anxiety in young people. A further aim of the study was to use the systematic review as a case study to applying an ‘equity lens’ to a review topic, by building on work completed in an earlier systematic map and methodological review. Results of the review found that CBT delivered to young people in secondary schools can reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. No evidence was found to assess the impact of CBT on suicidal thinking or behaviour. Few studies provided any useful data that might be used to examine the impact of CBT-based interventions on inequalities in mental health. No studies presented data relevant to evaluating the differential impact of interventions according to differences in the participants’ gender, age, religion, education or social capital. Although conclusions about impact of CBT on inequalities are therefore tentative, there are suggestions that it might be less effective for people who are more socio-economically disadvantaged.
Working with older people from black and minority ethnic groups who have depression
- Authors:
- MANTHORPE Jill, MORIARTY Jo
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 10(1), March 2009, pp.24-31.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Despite the growing evidence base about depression and anxiety and its application to service settings and practice, there is still a shortage of practice examples about what works and for whom. This is particularly true of specialist groups, such as people from black and minority ethnic backgrounds. This article discusses policy and legislative encouragements to think about equality of access and diversity issues in mental health services and wider mental health promotion activities. It analyses recent research and policy documents in the context of demographic change and practice. It argues that the context of personalisation in England may provide new opportunities to consider what older people will find most acceptable and effective in meeting their needs, but notes the challenges that this will bring to community-based organisations and specialist services.
The prevention of depressive symptoms in rural school children: a follow-up study
- Authors:
- ROBERTS Clare, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6(3), August 2004, pp.4-16.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Investigated the long-term effects of the Penn Prevention Program on depressive and anxious symptoms in Australian rural schoolchildren with elevated levels of depressive symptoms at 18- and 30-month follow-up. Ninety 7th grade students from 9 primary schools were randomly assigned to receive the programme and 9 control schools with 99 students received their usual health education classes and symptom monitoring. A no-intervention comparison group of 114 from 18 rural primary schools matched to the intervention and control group schools received their usual health education classes and were assessed at pre-intervention and 30 months. Students completed questionnaires on depression, anxiety, explanatory style and social skills. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist. No intervention effects were found for any child or parent report variables at 18 months. At 30 months intervention group children reported less anxiety than control or comparison groups. However, there were no effects for depression.
Prevention of anxiety and depression in vulnerable groups: a review of the theoretical, epidemiological and applied research literature
- Author:
- MURRAY Joanna
- Publishers:
- Gaskell, Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Publication year:
- 1995
- Pagination:
- 112p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Review looking at primary prevention of anxiety and depression occurring in adults in the community.
Out of sight, out of mind: why less-well off, middle-aged men don't get the support they need
- Author:
- SAMARITANS
- Publisher:
- Samaritans
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 35
- Place of publication:
- Ewell
This research, conducted by Revealing Reality for the Samaritans, aims to improve understanding of the type of support that may help less well-off, middle-aged men and reduce their risk of suicide. It also explores how community-based support services can be made more appealing and effective for them. It brings together the findings of a rapid evidence review and in-depth qualitative research with 16 less well-off middle-aged men across the UK and Ireland who had experience of feeling low or suicidal. The men were interviewed about the challenges they faced, the events which lead them to crisis point and what helped these men when they came into contact with support services. Key areas identified included: the opportunity to contribute, a feeling of inclusivity, the chance to work towards common goals, and peer support and feeling like they had shared experience with other people. (Edited publisher abstract)
Preventing and responding to depression, self-harm, and suicide in older people living in long term care settings: a systematic review
- Authors:
- GLEESON Helen, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 23(11), 2019, pp.1467-1477.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objective: The well documented demographic shift to an aging population means that more people will in future be in need of long term residential care. Previous research has reported an increased risk of mental health issues and suicidal ideation among older people living in residential care settings. However, there is little information on the actual prevalence of depression, self-harm, and suicidal behavior in this population, how it is measured and how care homes respond to these issues. Method: This systematic review of international literature addressed three research questions relating to; the prevalence of mental health problems in this population; how they are identified and; how care homes try to prevent or respond to mental health issues. Results: Findings showed higher reported rates of depression and suicidal behavior in care home residents compared to matched age groups in the community, variation in the use of standardised measures across studies and, interventions almost exclusively focused on increasing staff knowledge about mental health but with an absence of involvement of older people themselves in these programmes. Conclusion: The research discusses the implications of these findings in the context of addressing mental health difficulties experienced by older people in residential care and future research in this area. (Edited publisher abstract)
Understanding depression in adolescents: a dynamic psychosocial web of risk and protective factors
- Authors:
- KASSIS Wassilis, ARTZ Sibylle, WHITE Jennifer
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 46(5), 2017, pp.721-743.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Background: Adolescent depression has been recognised as a complex problem that presents a global public health challenge. Left undetected and untreated, depression can significantly reduce quality of life. Objective: The main purpose of this paper is to re-visit risk and protective factors for depression in adolescents with a specific focus on exploring the individual, familial, and social contexts of depression (especially high and very high depression levels) in a multi-country sample of youth in order to see if these factors are mitigated by cultural location. Methods: Questionnaire data from a cross-sectional study of a randomly selected sample of 5149 middle-school students from four EU-countries (Austria, Germany, Slovenia, and Spain) was used. Applying variance analysis, the prediction strength for the observed risk and protective factors were examined. Results: In all participating countries the authors show that in for both male and female adolescents, depression is linked to a broad range of interactive individual, and social protective and risk factors, such that even if the contribution of a single factor is low but still significant and this factor’s prediction strength is low or moderate, taken together, the cumulative prediction strength of these factors yields a remarkably similar coefficient of determination of 42–49% in all samples. Conclusions: The authors have established a significant and relevant combination of the individual and social multifactorial risk and protective factors that characterise depression in adolescents of both genders, no matter their country of location and with that, the authors call for a multifaceted and comprehensive approach to mental health assessment, prevention and intervention. (Edited publisher abstract)
Men’s depression and suicide literacy: a nationally representative Canadian survey
- Author:
- OLIFFE John L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 25(6), 2016, pp.520-526.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: Male suicide prevention strategies include diagnosis and effective management of men’s depression. Fundamental to suicide prevention efforts is public awareness, which in turn, is influenced by literacy levels about men’s depression and suicide. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine sex differences in mental health literacy with respect to men’s depression and suicide among a cohort of Canadian respondents. Methods: About 901 English-speaking Canadian men and women completed online survey questionnaires to evaluate mental health literacy levels using 10-item D-Lit and 8-item LOSS questionnaires, which assess factual knowledge concerning men’s depression and suicide. Statistical tests (Chi-square, z-test) were used to identify significant differences between sex sub-groups at 95% confidence. Results: Overall, respondents correctly identified 67% of questions measuring literacy levels about male depression. Respondents’ male suicide literacy was significantly poorer at 53.7%. Misperceptions were especially evident in terms of differentiating men’s depressive symptoms from other mental illnesses, estimating prevalence and identifying factors linked to male suicide. Significant sex differences highlighted that females had higher literacy levels than men in regard to male depression. Conclusions: Implementing gender sensitive and specific programmes to target and advance literacy levels about men’s depression may be key to ultimately reducing depression and suicide among men in Canada. (Edited publisher abstract)