Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Prevalence of comorbid disorders in problem and pathological gambling: systematic review and meta-analysis of population surveys
- Authors:
- LORAINS Felicity K., COWLISHAW Sean, THOMAS Shane A.
- Journal article citation:
- Addiction, 106(3), March 2011, pp.490-498.
- Publisher:
- Blackwell Publishing
A systematic search was conducted for peer-reviewed and unpublished articles reported between 1 January 1998 and 20 September 2010 to review the evidence on the prevalence of common comorbid disorders in problem and pathological gamblers. Eleven eligible studies met the selection criteria. Results from across the studies indicated that problem and pathological gamblers had high rates of other comorbid disorders. These included nicotine dependence, substance use disorders, mood disorders, and any type of anxiety disorder. The author recommends screening for comorbid disorders upon entering treatment for gambling problems. Further research is required to explore the underlying causes of variability observed in the prevalence estimates.
Hospital readmission rates and emergency department visits for mental health and substance abuse conditions
- Authors:
- SMITH Mark W., STOCKS Carol, SANTORA Patricia B.
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 51(2), 2015, pp.190-203.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Community hospital stays in 12 US states during 2008-2009 were analysed to determine predictors of 12-month hospital readmission and emergency department (EDs) revisits among persons with a mental health or substance abuse diagnosis. Probabilities of hospital readmission and of ED revisits were modelled as functions of patient demographics, insurance type, number of prior-year hospital stays, diagnoses and other characteristics of the initial stay, and hospital characteristics. Alcohol or drug dependence, dementias, psychotic disorders, autism, impulse control disorders, and personality disorders were most strongly associated with future inpatient admission or ED revisits within 12 months of initial encounter. Insurance type, including uninsured status, were highly significant predictors of both readmission and ED revisits. (Edited publisher abstract)
Psychopathology in a large cohort of sexually abused children followed up to 43 years
- Authors:
- CUTAJAR Margaret C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 34(11), November 2010, pp.813-822.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This long term prospective study examines the rate and risk of clinical and personality disorders in childhood and adulthood in individuals sexually abused as children. The forensic medical records of 2,759 sexually abused children living in Victoria, Australia and assessed between 1964 and 1995 were linked with a public psychiatric database between 12 and 43 years later. Control subjects for comparison, drawn at random from the general population, were matched by gender and age. A lifetime record of contact with public mental health services was found in 23.3% of cases compared to 7.7% of controls. The rate of contact among child sex abuse victims was 3.65 times higher. It was estimated that child sexual abuse accounted for approximately 7.83% of mental health contact. It increased risks for the majority of outcomes including psychosis, affective, anxiety, substance abuse, and personality disorders. Older age at sexual abuse and those exposed to more severe abuse were associated with greater risk for psychopathology. It is concluded that child sexual abuse is a substantial risk factor for a range of mental disorders in both childhood and adulthood.
Unmet needs and antisocial personality disorder among Black African and Caribbean service users with severe mental illness
- Authors:
- GWASPARI Mischa, HOCHHAUSER Sanita, BRUCE Matt
- Journal article citation:
- Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, 4(1), 2011, pp.38-48.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
To investigate unmet needs of Black African and Caribbean patients with and without a concurrent diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) 79 participants were recruited from ten psychiatric inpatient wards across two hospital sites in South London. Personality disorder was assessed using the SCID-II for DSM-IV, the prevalence of unmet needs was assessed by The Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Assessment Schedule and substance misuse problems measured using well validated drug and alcohol use disorder identification tools. Results found the presence of a concurrent ASPD was independently associated with a greater number of unmet needs. ASPD was associated with lower qualifications and a greater risk of homelessness and substance misuse. Unmet need was associated with lower qualifications and substance misuse. Alcohol dependence and drug misuse were found to be the most significant predictors of unmet need. The article concludes that mental health teams should ensure thorough needs assessment procedures are incorporated into general psychiatric service practice ensuring effective treatment packages are tailored to these patients needs.
Interventions for HIV clients with co-occurring substance use and personality disorders
- Author:
- WILLINGER Barbara I.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 49(5), May 2010, pp.444-457.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Many HIV/AIDS clients who currently need some form of psychosocial intervention are individuals diagnosed with substance use, a mental health problem, or both. In any setting a proportion of these clients, because of their behaviours, present myriad challenges to individual providers in terms of engagement in medical care, medication adherence, and difficulty with interpersonal skills. These clients struggle with how to appropriately express their needs. Providers may struggle to understand and respond to clients' escalating and disruptive behaviours in a therapeutic, concerned, and consistent manner. This article outlines concepts relating to identifying behavioural crisis predictors and cites strategies that can de-escalate negative behaviours via interventional, case-based models for individuals and multidisciplinary teams. Using client vignettes it discusses: the cycle of assault; issues that obviate staff responses to disruptive behaviour; and treatment interventions.
Associations between psychopathic traits and mental disorders among adolescents with substance use disorders
- Authors:
- HEMPHALA Malin, TENGSTROM Anders
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(1), March 2010, pp.109-122.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This cross-sectional study examined the association between psychopathic traits and mental disorders and associations between psychopathic traits and familial problems across gender. One hundred and eighty adolescents (aged 12-20 years) referred to a substance abuse treatment clinic in Sweden (99 females, 81 males) and their parents (165 mothers, 90 fathers) were interviewed. The assessment included Psychopathy checklist: Youth version (PCL-YV) and SCID I/II or Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Across gender there was a positive correlation between externalising symptoms and PCL-YV score. Among boys, there was a positive correlation between internalising symptoms and PCL-YV score. IN addition the behavioural dimension of psychopathy was predictive of externalising symptoms across gender. The interpersonal and affective dimension of psychopathy predicted oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms among girls. Parent problem behaviour predicted PCL-YV score amongst girls only. The authors conclude that the results suggested that different dimensions of psychopathy predisposed substance use for girls and for boys, and that ODD is particularly important in the expression of psychopathic traits among girls. The study showed transmission of antisocial behaviour between two generations among girls. The authors comment that treatment of adolescents with substance misuse problems needs to consider co-occurring mental disorders as well as psychopathic traits.
Characteristics of need and risk among women prisoners referred to inreach mental health services
- Authors:
- LOUGHRAN Michael, SEEWOONARAIN Kishane
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Forensic Practice, 7(3), August 2005, pp.12-21.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This paper presents the mental health needs and risk factors identified by a mental health inreach team during the first two years of operation. High levels of need and complexity were identified in women referred to and accepted by the inreach team in HMP & YOI Bullwood Hall during the first two years of operation. They included mental health problems, personality disorder, substance misuse and social factors.
The effects of parental dysfunction on children
- Editors:
- McMAHON Robert J., PETERS Ray DeV.
- Publisher:
- Kluwer Academic/Plenum
- Publication year:
- 2002
- Pagination:
- 229p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- London
Experience with interventions designed to promote the well-being of children and to prevent mental health problems has identified particular challenges in families with disordered parents. These families are often very difficult to engage in mental health promotion and prevention programs, and they may be especially resistant to intervention. This text explores the level of knowledge regarding the processes by which a number of parental disorders influence the developmental outcomes of children. Scientist-practitioners from the United States, Canada, and Australia contributed ten chapters to this volume addressing the topic of the effects of parental behavioural and emotional disorders on children. The major topics covered by this book focus on children growing up in families in which the parents suffer from major psychosocial difficulties, including schizophrenia, depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, anxiety disorders, intellectual disabilities, and antisocial personality disorder.
Links between drug and alcohol misuse and psychiatric disorders
- Author:
- LITTLEJOHN Christopher
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 4.1.05, 2005, pp.34-37.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
Substance use is common in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, which can increase the risks of use developing into a substance use disorder. Conversely, substance use disorders are frequently accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. In some people these indicate formal psychiatric disorder. Whatever the causes, comorbidity may complicate treatment and resolution of both disorders, often presenting as a vicious circle that is difficult to break.
Co-occuring disorders among jail inmates: bridging the treatment gap
- Author:
- YOUNG Diane S.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 3(3), 2003, pp.63-85.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This paper presents findings based on a retrospective review of health and mental health records of 359 mentally ill jail inmates. Regardless of demographic group, substance-related disorders and the most prevalent disorder. Sixty-seven percent of the sample had a substance-related disorder, 37% an adjustment disorder, 23% a mood disorder, and 12% had schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder. Comorbidity was extensive with close to 45% of the sample having both a substance-related disorder and an additional major mental illness. Study findings indicate that there is a great need to strengthen services and create jail-community linkages for inmates with comorbid mental health and substance abuse disorders. Innovative programme and resource information are provided. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street Binghamton, NY 13904-1580)