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Dutch youth of parents with a mental illness reflect upon their feelings of guilt and shame
- Authors:
- BOSCH Annick, RIEBSCHLEGER Joanne, LOON Linda van
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 19(3), 2017, pp.159-172.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI) have a higher risk of acquiring a mental illness themselves. Feelings of guilt and shame could increase COPMI risks of acquiring mental health disorder symptoms. These feelings of guilt and shame could also impact the quality of the parent-child relationship. Data were drawn from the qualitative part of a mixed method study featuring 18 face-to-face interviews with Dutch COPMI aged 12–21. Interviewees were asked about their experiences with guilt and shame related to their parent with mental illness and the extent they felt that these feelings affected their relationships with their parents. Qualitative thematic analysis (QTA) revealed that most COPMI youth described feelings of guilt and some of them reported feelings of shame. They reported making behavioural adjustments especially using caution in parental communication. In their perception, guilt and shame did not have long-term impacts on their relationships with parents. (Edited publisher abstract)
"Being in a group with others who have mental illness makes all the difference": the views and experiences of parents who attended a mental health parenting program
- Authors:
- COATES Dominiek, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 78, 2017, pp.104-111.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: The relationship between parental mental illness and poor outcomes in children is well established. While parents with mental illness could benefit from accessing parenting programs, this population tends to be reluctant to do so. To address this need, we developed an adaptation of the Triple P program specific to people with mental illness, and this paper presents the views and experiences of parents who attended this program. The program is a ten week intervention consisting of a six week group parenting program, followed by four weekly home visits. Methodology: This client satisfaction evaluation consists of 18 telephone interviews with program participants as well as feedback from the Triple P Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) (N = 116). While this evaluation sought to gain participant feedback on the entire program, the focus was on gaining insight into the usefulness of a modified program specifically for this population, and how the unique components of this modified Triple P program are perceived by the participants. Results: Both the qualitative and quantitative findings indicate high satisfaction with the program, and highlight the value of a parenting program designed specifically for parents with mental illness. In particular, participants stressed that the design of the program was essential to their satisfaction and engagement with the program. Analysis of the interview data identified a number of reasons why participants engaged with this particular parenting program and found it very useful, in particular: being in a group with others with mental illness; focus on child development and parenting with a mental illness; and the home visits. Conclusion: This study adds to the limited evidence base specific to parent programs for parents who experience mental illness, and highlights the importance participants attach to sharing the group experience with other parents who also experience mental illness, and the significance of this in facilitating engagement in parenting programs. (Publisher abstract)
Suicide ideation, anxiety, and depression: are children a protective factor for male Veterans?
- Authors:
- WEISENHORN David A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 20(1), 2017, pp.41-51.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Numerous mental health disorders plague our veterans when they return from deployment including anxiety and depressive disorders, which have been linked to elevated suicide risk when left untreated. Family factors, such as parenthood status, may serve as a protective factor against these mental health issues. This study examined the role of parenthood status of male veterans (N = 234) based on age of the child in order to determine whether a child’s age (minor children v. adult children) affects the likelihood of meeting diagnosis criteria for anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation after controlling for marital status. Three hierarchical binary logistic regression models were constructed to assess the predictive influence of children 18 years old and younger, children older than 18, and no children with the results indicating that parenthood status did meaningfully enhance the prediction of suicide ideation. Complete findings, clinical implications, and future considerations are discussed. (Publisher abstract)
Perceptions of emerging adults who accessed residential treatment and entered a parental role
- Authors:
- TRAN Amy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 15(2), 2017, pp.184-208.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Youth who accessed residential mental health treatment (RT) continue to experience challenges related to their emotional and behavioural disorders, and continue to struggle in several life domains. Some of these youth also become parents. The purpose for this report was to explore the perceptions of emerging adults who accessed RT as a child or youth, and who became parents, about their life domains. These participants (n = 12) reported continued challenges in several domains of living, and some reported that impending parenthood helped motivate them to improve their behaviours. Many reported continued reliance on previous social workers. Implications for practice are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Parentification, stress, and problem behavior of adolescents who have a parent with mental health problems
- Authors:
- HOSMAN Clemens M.H, WITTERMAN Cilia L.M.
- Journal article citation:
- Family Process, 56(1), 2017, pp.141-153.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
When adolescents live with a parent with mental illness, they often partly take over the parental role. Little is known about the consequences of this so-called parentification on the adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems. This survey study examined this effect cross-sectionally and longitudinally in a sample of 118 adolescents living with a parent suffering from mental health problems. In addition, the study examined a possible indirect effect via perceived stress. Path analyses were used to examine the direct associations between parentification and problem behavior as well as the indirect relations via perceived stress. The results showed that parentification was associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems cross-sectionally, but it predicted only internalizing problems 1 year later. An indirect effect of parentification on adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems via perceived stress was found, albeit only cross-sectionally. These findings imply that parentification can be stressful for adolescents who live with a parent with mental health problems, and that a greater awareness of parentification is needed to prevent adolescents from developing internalizing problems. (Publisher abstract)
Parental mental health and child welfare work. Volume 2
- Editor:
- DIGGINS Marie
- Publisher:
- Pavilion Publishing and Media
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 117
- Place of publication:
- Hove
This publication is the second volume of Pavilion’s Learning from Success series, drawing together contributions from range of experts to explore the mental health of parents and its impact on child welfare. It includes perspectives from young people, parents, professionals and research about what works, and in what contexts. It is concerned with outcomes for parents, children and other family members as well as multi-agency staff and organisations. Section one looks at looks at integrating the family model into education and programmes. Section two look at the impacts and influences of mental health on recovery, parenting and children’s development and wellbeing. Section three describes five different assessment, intervention and service models. These include Inter-Act, which adopts a whole family approach to improving outcomes for children; and C-Change, which assesses parental capacity to change; and the Creative Families Arts Programme. Section four focuses on the effectiveness of two different specialist roles to improve family-focused practice across the service divide; the Northern Ireland Champions Initiative and the creation of the mental health safeguarding children’s manager role. The publication also includes a digest of recent research literature. (Edited publisher abstract)
Associations between behaviours that challenge in adults with intellectual disability, parental perceptions and parental mental health
- Authors:
- WAITE Jane, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(4), 2017, pp.408-430.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: This study examined parental perceptions of behaviours that challenge (CB) in their adult children with intellectual disability (ID), and explored whether perceptions mediated associations between CB and parental psychological distress. Design: A within-group correlational design was employed. Methods: Sixty-five parents reported on individuals with genetic syndromes and ID who had chronic CB. Parents completed the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) adapted to measure perceptions of self-injury, aggression or property destruction, alongside assessments of parental locus of control, attributions about behaviour, parental psychological distress, and CB. Results: A high proportion of parents evidenced anxiety and depression at clinically significant levels (56.9% and 30.8%, respectively). Contrary to predictions, psychological distress was not significantly associated with CB. The perception that the adult with ID exerted control over the parent's life mediated the association between CB and parental psychological distress. Few parents endorsed operant reinforcement as a cause of CB (< 10%). Conclusions: The high levels of psychological distress in parents is notable and of concern. Further research should consider the reasons why parents have causal attributions that might be inconsistent with contemporary interventions. Practitioner points: 1) Parents experience high levels of psychological distress while supporting adults with ID who engage in chronic behaviours that challenge; 2) A stronger belief that the adult with ID exerts control over the parent's life may mediate an association between CB exhibited by the individual with ID and parental psychological distress; 3) Few parents endorsed operant reinforcement as a cause of behaviours that challenge. (Publisher abstract)
Mental health knowledge gaps in the child protection work with parents: a narrative review of the social work literature
- Author:
- KARPETIS George
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work Practice, 31(3), 2017, pp.353-368.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This is a narrative review of the latest peer-reviewed social work literature on the child protection work with parents. Aiming to identify knowledge gaps, the study researches the mental health aspects of the implicit or explicit theoretical perspectives underpinning the assessment and intervention with parents. An electronic database search extracted 38 peer-reviewed journal articles. It was found that the theoretical perspectives the publications adopted were the managerial, the critical, the humanistic, the psychodynamic and the behavioural. The study identified mental health knowledge gaps in the assessment and intervention work with parents across all theoretical perspectives and stressed the need for process and effectiveness studies on the work with parents, under explicit theoretical perspectives. The study finally highlights the need for the social work profession to increase its mental health literacy through mental health education for students and practitioners alike. (Publisher abstract)
Moving the field forward: developing online interventions for children of parents with a mental illness
- Authors:
- GROVE Christine, REUPERT Andrea
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 82, 2017, pp.354-358.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Parental mental illness has the potential to affect children adversely. These children report a higher risk of developing a mental illness than other children. At the same time, some young people are resilient in the face of adverse situations arising from their parent's illness, especially when appropriate interventions are provided. While there are several interventions available to support young people with parents with a mental illness, there are few online interventions. Additionally, much of the previous work in this area, including intervention development and evaluation, has not included the child's point of view about what they want. Clearly, there is a gap in current research regarding the development of interventions that are available online and are informed by children. This research note aims to further the argument for developing online interventions for children of parents with a mental illness. (Publisher abstract)
Getting it right in time: parents who lack litigation capacity in care proceedings
- Authors:
- WELBOURNE Penelope, MacDONALD Paula, BATES Philip
- Publishers:
- Nuffield Foundation, Plymouth University
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 96
- Place of publication:
- London
This study looks at the characteristics of parents lacking litigation capacity in care proceedings and identifies key aspects of provision that could help them to get fair representation in court and participate in hearings. The study examined how many parents are found to lack litigation in care proceedings, their key characteristics - such as age, gender, the issues that led to them lacking litigation capacity, and the number of children involved in proceedings where a parent lacks litigation capacity. It also explores the courts and Office of the Official Solicitor respond to the Public Sector Equality Duty under the Equality Act 2010 in cases involving parents who lack litigation capacity. The study found that lack of litigation capacity may be due to mental health problems, intellectual disability, or a combination of factors. Capacity is also issue specific, so some people may have capacity to make some decisions, but not others. It can also fluctuate, especially in the case of a mental health problem. It also found that very few parents ended proceedings with the care of their children. Based on the findings, the report makes recommendations to support parents who lack litigation capacity. These include: for courts to provide the technology and space to enable parents who have specialist communication and participation needs to observe, understand and participate in hearings; and in cases that require an interpreter the support of an intermediary to help any interpreter communicate with a parent who lacks litigation capacity. (Edited publisher abstract)