Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Evidence on the long shadow of poor mental health across three generations
- Authors:
- JOHNSTON David W., SCHURER Stefanie, SHIELDS Michael A.
- Publisher:
- Institute for the Study of Labor
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 31p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Bonn
Focusing on mental health within families, this research examined the extent to which mental illness runs in families across generations and how poor mental health of mother and child is predictive of future economic outcomes. It used data from 3 generations from the 1970 British Cohort Study to estimate the intergenerational correlation of mental health between mothers, their children, and their grandchildren. The paper describes the methodology, modelling approach, analysis and results, and presents figures and tables with further details in an appendix. The researchers report that the probability of feeling depressed is 63% higher for children whose mothers reported the same symptoms 20 years earlier, and that grandmother and grandchild mental health are strongly correlated. The study also found that maternal and own mental health are strong predictors of adult socioeconomic outcomes, suggesting that reduced maternal mental health reduces household income for adult offspring.
Childhood emotional abuse characteristics moderate associations with adult psychopathology and caregiving
- Authors:
- BERZENSKI Sara R., MADDEN Amber R., YATES Tuppett M.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 87, 2019, pp.77-87.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
As the consequences of childhood maltreatment for adult adjustment become increasingly established in the literature, investigations of individual differences in these effects must evolve to examine more nuanced components of the maltreatment experience. This is particularly true for studies of childhood emotional abuse (CEA), which represents an umbrella label for numerous qualitatively different experiences. The present study examined the distinct contributions and potential interactive effects of CEA frequency and intensity on adult psychopathology, caregiving behaviours, and caregivers’ representations of the caregiver-child relationship in a diverse sample of 62 female caregivers of 4-year-old children, all of whom had experienced CEA. Frequency and intensity emerged as orthogonal characteristics of CEA with differential effects on adult adaptation. Higher CEA frequency predicted increased adult psychopathology, whereas higher CEA intensity predicted increased boundary dissolution in caregivers’ representations. Further, an interaction between frequency and intensity predicted negativity in caregivers’ representations, such that higher frequency of high intensity, but not low intensity, CEA predicted decreased negativity. Neither frequency nor intensity of CEA predicted observed caregiving behaviours. These results provide evidence that characteristics of CEA signal important differences in its experience, with differential implications for later adjustment. The specific differences in caregiving representations associated with high vs. low intensity CEA suggest that diverging mechanisms by which these experiences eventuate in adult outcomes should also be investigated. Above all, this study suggests that the measurement of CEA, and childhood maltreatment broadly, will benefit from enhanced attention to specific characteristics of individuals' experiences. (Edited publisher abstract)
The mental health of imprisoned mothers of young children: a follow-up study
- Authors:
- DOLANA Rachel Mary, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology (The), 24(4), 2013, pp.421-439.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The study aimed to determine the mental health, social outcomes and needs of mothers who had been in prison when their children were infants. The mean time between first interview and follow-up was 4.53 years. Mothers who had been in a prison mother and baby unit (MBU) were compared with women who had been separated from infants whilst in prison. Of 167 interviewed previously, 87 were located, and 60 completed a semi-structured interview. Prevalence of depression and hazardous drinking were higher at follow-up. Those not caring for the index child at follow-up were more likely to have an interview diagnosis of personality disorder or psychotic disorder and to have been reconvicted than those who were. Seventy-seven percent of children who were in prison MBUs were being cared for by their mother at follow-up compared to 20% of those who had been separated in prison. (Publisher abstract)
Degree of exposure to domestic violence, psychopathology, and functional impairment in children and adolescents
- Authors:
- FERNÀNDEZ Eduard Bayarri, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(6), April 2011, pp.1215-1231.
- Publisher:
- Sage
There is a general consensus that childhood exposure to domestic violence is a risk factor for psychopathology, but there are discrepancies in the literature about whether this risk increases as the exposure increases. The aim of this work was to examine the relationship between different types of exposure to domestic violence and child psychopathology and functional impairment. A total of 144 Spanish children aged from 4 to 17 years whose mothers had attended a gender violence centre in Barcelona were evaluated using a diagnostic interview and other instruments of psychopathology and functional impairment. The participants were classified into 3 groups according to the degree of exposure to domestic violence: 72 were classified as a witness; 52 as involved; and 20 as a victim. According to mothers’ self-reports and mother-child combined information, domestic violence equally affects psychopathology and functional impairment regardless of the degree of the exposure. Children’s self-reports showed a linear trend to present greater psychopathology as a victim than as a witness. The differential effect of exposure to domestic violence measured in this study depended on the informant, underlining the importance of obtaining information directly from children exposed to domestic violence.
Specialist community perinatal screening clinic: service evaluation
- Authors:
- MAGON Rakesh, WHITE Ruth
- Journal article citation:
- Psychiatrist (The), 34(11), November 2010, pp.492-495.
- Publisher:
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
The specialist community perinatal team (SCPT) in Worcestershire Mental Health Trust runs a specialist community perinatal screening clinic in Worcester Royal Hospital for the detection of women who are symptomatic or have identifiable risk factors for mental illness. This study aimed to identify the outcomes of patients in the obstetric screening clinic. In 2 years, 180 women were referred by midwives to the screening clinic, and the ‘ultra-high risk’ patients were identified. There were four outcome measures predicated on level of care: no mental health problems; referred to the community mental health team (CMHT); referred to the SCPT; or treatment in primary care services. Of those referred, 69 women were managed in primary care/generic community mental health teams, 90 by specialist perinatal team and 21 did not attend. Twenty-three women were ultra-high risk, and the majority of these required treatment with specialist teams. The article concludes that specialist community perinatal screening clinics are successful at identifying those at high risk of developing mental health problems. Ultra-high risk women needed a higher level of service. High morbidity in women who fail to attend the services demands more assertive follow-up.
The relationship between maternal and child symptom change in community mental health
- Authors:
- RISHEL Carrie W., GREENO Catherine G., ANDERSON Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 44(4), August 2008, pp.289-293.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The mental health of mothers and children are closely linked. This American study examined the relationship between child and maternal symptom change during a period in which children participated in community mental health treatment. Symptom change was measured using the Child Behavior Checklist for children and the Beck Depression Inventory for Mothers. Results indicate that mothers whose children improve in community mental health treatment are significantly more likely to report a reduction in maternal depressive symptoms than mothers whose children do not improve. Implications of these findings for mental health service settings are discussed.
Influences of maternal mental illness on psychological outcomes for adolescent children
- Authors:
- OYSERMAN Daphna, BYBEE Deborah, MOWBRAY Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Adolescence, 25(6), December 2002, pp.587-602.
- Publisher:
- Academic Press
The research literature associating maternal mental illness with problematic mental health outcomes of adolescent children typically controls for neither the effects of family stresses and lack of support, nor the effects of parenting style. To address this gap, the authors explore the effects of maternal psychiatric symptoms and community functioning on child outcomes in a diverse sample of seriously mentally ill women caring for their teenage children.
Does fathers’ and mothers’ rumination predict emotional symptoms in their children?
- Authors:
- PSYCHOGIOU Lamprini, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(4), 2017, pp.431-442.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: Although rumination can have a negative influence on the family environment and the quality of parent–child interactions, there is little research on the role of parental rumination in predicting adverse child outcomes over time. This longitudinal study examined whether mothers’ and fathers’ brooding rumination would each uniquely predict emotional symptoms in preschool children. Methods: The initial sample consisted of 160 families (including 50 mothers with past depression, 33 fathers with past depression, and 7 fathers with current depression according to the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV). Families were seen at two times separated by 16 months. Children's mean age at the entry into the study was 3.9 years (SD = 0.8). Each parent independently completed the Ruminative Response Scale, the Child Behavior Checklist, the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results: Fathers’ brooding rumination significantly predicted children's emotional symptoms over 16 months when controlling for child emotional symptoms, couple adjustment, parents’ depressive symptoms, mothers’ brooding and reflective rumination, and fathers’ reflective rumination at baseline. Unexpectedly, mothers’ brooding rumination did not significantly predict child emotional symptoms over time. Correlational analyses showed significant associations between parents’ rumination and lower levels of couple adjustment. Conclusions: Findings suggest that fathers’ brooding rumination may play a unique role in their children's emotional outcomes. If these findings are replicated, studies should examine the processes by which these links occur and their implications for clinical interventions. Practitioner points: 1) Rumination is prevalent among individuals with depression, but to date no studies have examined the possible role of mothers’ and fathers’ brooding rumination in predicting children's emotional symptoms; 2) Fathers’ brooding rumination was positively associated with children's emotional symptoms over time when controlling for mothers’ rumination and other important characteristics; 3) Parental rumination might be a promising target for both prevention and intervention strategies for parents with depression and their children; 4) The findings of this study could inform parenting interventions (e.g., educate parents about the possible effects of rumination on family interactions and children's outcomes, help parents notice when they ruminate, teach them to replace rumination with more adaptive strategies); 5) The findings should be interpreted with caution. The study relied on self-reports, and therefore, the data are subject to shared method variance which may have artificially inflated associations between parent and child outcomes; 6) The sample consisted of well-educated parents, and therefore, the findings should be generalised to other populations with caution. (Publisher abstract)
Tackling perinatal mental health among black and minority ethnic mothers
- Author:
- CANTLE Florence
- Journal article citation:
- Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, 3(2), June 2010, pp.38-43.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Poor perinatal mental health is a major contributor to adverse health outcomes in women of child-bearing age, with women from a black and minority ethnic background widely believed to have particular needs that are often not given adequate attention. This paper describes how NHS Croydon launched a perinatal mental health project to foster a closer partnership between the Primary Care Trust, Croydon Council and black and minority ethnic voluntary organisations through an action learning approach. Information was shared to improve use of health services by mothers from black and minority ethnic communities in Croydon who had encountered mental health problems during pregnancy or following childbirth. The action learning endeavoured to find solutions for a collaborative approach to achieve identifiable benefits. Problems encountered included the lack of communication between health professionals and black and minority ethnic community groups. The learning raised awareness and recognition of the cultural differences with mothers of black and minority ethnic background experiencing perinatal mental health problems. The learning from this project will be distributed to a wider audience to promote best practice.
Persistence, onset, risk factors and outcomes of childhood mental disorders: report based on the analysis of a three-year follow-up survey of the 1999 national survey of the mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain
- Authors:
- MELTZER Howard, et al
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Office for National Statistics,|Stationery Office
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 252p.,tables.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report presents data from a three-year follow-up study of the mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain. The original survey took place in 1999. The overall aim of the follow up survey was to analyse the longitudinal data in order to: present rates of the persistence and onset of each main category of disorder; identify the risk factors associated with persistence and onset; examine the use of services of those with childhood mental disorders; and highlight the educational profile of children with mental disorders. Risk factors for the persistence and onset of mental disorders covered in this report include: factors associated with the child (sex, age, ethnicity, physical illness, special educational needs); family characteristics (marital status, mother’s educational attainment); household characteristics (type of accommodation, tenure, family employment, gross household income); social factors (mother’s mental health, family discord, stressful life events); and punishment regime (whether the child is sent to room, grounded or shouted at).