Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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The pattern of delays in mental health review tribunals: summary
- Authors:
- BLUMENTHAL Stephen, WESSELY Simon
- Publisher:
- HMSO
- Publication year:
- 1994
- Pagination:
- 42p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Summary report of a study which aimed to establish the extent to which each individual or agency contributes to the pattern of delay in holding mental health review tribunals, the reasons why they do so, and whether delay relates to positive outcome from the patient's point of view, i.e. discharge.
Childhood out-of-home placement and pathways to adult socioeconomic outcomes
- Authors:
- ORRI Massimiliano, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 129, 2021, p.106183.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: This study aimed to first, estimate the association of early childhood out-of-home placement with adult income and reliance on social welfare, and second, to test whether, and to what extent, mental health problems in adolescence/young adulthood and primary school grade point average (GPA) explain these associations. Method: This study used linked registers of all 59,476 births in Finland in 1987. Children who were first placed between the ages 2–6 years were selected as our exposure-group. Outcomes measured in adulthood (26–28 years) were low income (i.e. <11,000US$ annual income during ≥2 of 3 years) and social welfare use (i.e. >3 months of annual social welfare during ≥2 of 3 years). Putative mediators were mental health problems (i.e., psychiatric diagnoses from inpatient/outpatient visits) at ages 18–25 years, and Grade Point Average (GPA). To account for background differences, this study matched placed to non-placed children using propensity score matching on parental (e.g., psychiatric diagnoses, education) and child characteristics (e.g., neurodevelopmental problems, prematurity). Results: Of 54,814 children with complete data, 386 (0.71%) experienced placement (384 were matched). At ages 26–28, placed children had greater odds than never-placed children of low income (OR, 1.74; CI, 1.31–2.32) and social welfare (OR, 2.09; CI, 1.34–3.04). This study found significant indirect effects of out-of-home placement on social welfare use via mental health problems (proportion mediated, 22%) and GPA (proportion mediated 11%), and on low income via mental health problems only (proportion mediated, 34%). Conclusions: Prevention of mental health problems and increased school support for children who experienced out-of-home placement may effectively reduce poor adult socioeconomic outcomes associated with placement. (Edited publisher abstract)
Young adult mental health and functional outcomes among individuals with remitted, persistent and late-onset ADHD
- Authors:
- AGNEW-BLAIS Jessica C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 213(3), 2018, pp.526-534.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with mental health problems and functional impairment across many domains. However, how the longitudinal course of ADHD affects later functioning remains unclear. Aims: to disentangle how ADHD developmental patterns are associated with young adult functioning. Method: The Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study is a population-based cohort of 2232 twins born in England and Wales in 1994–1995. The researchers assessed ADHD in childhood at ages 5, 7, 10 and 12 years and in young adulthood at age 18 years. Three developmental patterns of ADHD from childhood to young adulthood – remitted, persistent and late-onset ADHD were examined – and compared these groups with one another and with non-ADHD controls on functioning at age 18 years. Additionally, whether group differences were attributable to childhood IQ, childhood conduct disorder or familial factors shared between twins were tested. Results: Compared with individuals without ADHD, those with remitted ADHD showed poorer physical health and socioeconomic outcomes in young adulthood. Individuals with persistent or late-onset ADHD showed poorer functioning across all domains, including mental health, substance misuse, psychosocial, physical health and socioeconomic outcomes. Overall, these associations were not explained by childhood IQ, childhood conduct disorder or shared familial factors. Conclusions: Long-term associations of childhood ADHD with adverse physical health and socioeconomic outcomes underscore the need for early intervention. Young adult ADHD showed stronger associations with poorer mental health, substance misuse and psychosocial outcomes, emphasising the importance of identifying and treating adults with ADHD. Declaration of interest: None. (Edited publisher abstract)
The relationship between childhood sexual abuse and mental health outcomes among males: results from a nationally representative United States sample
- Author:
- TURNER Sarah
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 66, 2017, pp.64-72.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: Few studies have examined the associations between childhood sexual abuse (CSA), co-occurrence with other types of maltreatment and adult mental health outcomes, specifically among males. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine the prevalence of males who have experienced a) childhood maltreatment without CSA; b) CSA without other forms of childhood maltreatment; and c) CSA along with other forms of childhood maltreatment; and 2) determine the relationship between CSA among males and mood, anxiety, substance and personality disorders and suicide attempts. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2004–2005 National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) and limited to males age 20 years old and older (n = 14,564). Child maltreatment included harsh physical punishment, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV). Results: Emotional abuse, physical abuse, and exposure to IPV were the most common forms of maltreatment that co-occurred with CSA among males. A history of CSA only, and CSA co-occurring with other types of child maltreatment, resulted in higher odds for many mental disorders and suicide attempts compared to a history of child maltreatment without CSA. Conclusions: Child maltreatment is associated with increased odds of mental disorders among males. Larger effects were noted for many mental disorders and suicide attempts for males who experienced CSA with or without other child maltreatment types compared to those who did not experience CSA. These results are important for understanding the significant long-term effects of CSA among males. (Publisher abstract)
Are recovery and quality of life different outcome measures for community-based psychosocial program?
- Authors:
- YOUNG Daniel, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 14(4), 2016, pp.360-378.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This research study aims to explore the relationship between quality of life (QoL) and recovery in mental illness in a community-based psychosocial programme. By adopting a prospective, naturalistic, longitudinal follow-up research design, a cohort of 87 consumers who were discharged from mental hospitals and participated in a community-based psychosocial programme were followed for one year. QoL and recovery of these individuals were assessed at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow up assessments. At the 12-month follow up, this cohort of participants showed improvement in QoL and achieved a recovery rate of 8%. ANOVA analysis indicated that overall QoL was not related to recovery. Moreover, multiple linear regression analysis showed that overall QoL was predicted significantly by self-efficacy at baseline, improvement in self-efficacy and improvement in functioning (adjusted R2 = 22.8; F(3,81) = 9.272, p < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that recovery was significantly predicted by baseline functioning level and improvement in open employment (Nagelkerke R2: 36.7, Model χ2 = 13.214, p < .001). Therefore, overall QoL and recovery were predicted by different factors. These results indicate that recovery and QoL should be conceptualised as two different outcome measures. Community-based psychosocial programmes should include both recovery and QoL as outcome measures and adopt different strategies to facilitate recovery and QoL for consumers. (Edited publisher abstract)
Together for mental health: a strategy for mental health and wellbeing in Wales
- Author:
- WALES. Welsh Assembly Government
- Publisher:
- Wales. Welsh Assembly Government
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 75p.
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
Together for Mental Health sets out the Welsh Government's ambitions for improving mental health and vision for improved mental health service delivery. Developed through engagement and formal consultation with key partner agencies, stakeholders, service users and carers, it covers people of all ages and emphasises the need to promote better mental health and wellbeing among the whole population. It focuses on how to improve the lives of service users and their families using a recovery and enablement approach. It identifies 6 high level outcomes that the strategy hopes to achieve, and sets out how the outcomes will be delivered. It is supported by a Delivery Plan. A new Mental Health Partnership Board is being established to oversee delivery.
The Multidimensional Adolescent Assessment Scale: a validation study
- Authors:
- GLISSON Charles, HEMMELGARN Anthony L., POST James A.
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 12(1), January 2002, pp.82-106.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study describes the design and psychometric characteristics of the Shortform Assessment for Children (SAC). The SAC is an efficient and easy-to-use tool for monitoring the overall mental health and psychosocial functioning of children age 5 to 18 who are served by child welfare and juvenile justice systems in the USA. The one-page 48-item instrument was developed with the support of the National Institute of Mental Health to describe internalizing (withdrawn, anxious, depressed) and externalizing (aggressive, antisocial, violent) profiles of children in both home/residential and school/classroom settings. Psychometric data supporting the reliability and validity of the SAC are presented for a sample of children served by one state's child welfare and juvenile justice system.
Negative consequences of hearing impairment in old age: longitudinal analysis
- Authors:
- STRAWBRIDGE William J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 40(3), June 2000, pp.320-326.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
To determine whether functional and psychosocial outcomes associated with hearing impairment are a direct result or stem from prevalent comorbidity, the authors analysed the impact of two levels of reported hearing impairment on health and psychosocial functioning one year later with adjustments for baseline chronic conditions, Physical functioning, mental health, and social functioning decreased in a dose-response pattern for those with progressive levels of hearing impairment compared with those reporting no impairment. The results demonstrate an independent impact of hearing impairment on functional outcomes, reveal increasing problems with higher levels of impairment, and support the importance of preventing and treating this highly prevalent condition.
A systematic scoping review of community-based interventions for the prevention of mental ill-health and the promotion of mental health in older adults in the UK
- Authors:
- LEE Caroline, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, early cite May 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Mental health concerns in older adults are common, with increasing age-related risks to physical health, mobility and social isolation. Community-based approaches are a key focus of public health strategy in the UK, and may reduce the impact of these risks, protecting mental health and promoting wellbeing. This study conducted a review of UK community-based interventions to understand the types of intervention studied and mental health/wellbeing impacts reported. Method: This study conducted a scoping review of the literature, systematically searching six electronic databases (2000–2020) to identify academic studies of any non-clinical community intervention to improve mental health or wellbeing outcomes for older adults. Data were extracted, grouped by population targeted, intervention type, and outcomes reported, and synthesised according to a framework categorising community actions targeting older adults. Results: In total, 1,131 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 54 included in the final synthesis. Example interventions included: link workers; telephone helplines; befriending; digital support services; group social activities. These were grouped into: connector services, gateway services/approaches, direct interventions and systems approaches. These interventions aimed to address key risk factors: loneliness, social isolation, being a caregiver and living with long-term health conditions. Outcome measurement varied greatly, confounding strong evidence in favour of particular intervention types. Conclusion: The literature is wide-ranging in focus and methodology. Greater specificity and consistency in outcome measurement are required to evidence effectiveness – no single category of intervention yet stands out as ‘promising’. More robust evidence on the active components of interventions to promote older adult's mental health is required. (Edited publisher abstract)
Men with childhood sexual abuse histories: disclosure experiences and links with mental health
- Authors:
- ROMANO Elisa, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 89, 2019, pp.212-224.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: There is limited research on the disclosure experiences of men who have experienced childhood sexual abuse and on how such experiences might impact mental health outcomes. Objective: The current study described men’s disclosure experiences and examined the role of disclosure characteristics on mental well-being (internalizing and externalizing behaviours, substance use, resilience). Participants and setting: Men (N = 253) from across Canada and the U.S. were recruited through websites for males with sexual abuse histories. Men aged 18–59 years anonymously completed an online study on their sexual abuse, disclosure experiences, and mental health outcomes. Results: Findings indicated that 77.9% of men disclosed their sexual abuse, although they waited an average of 15.4 years before sharing their experience. Once disclosed, 64.4% of the men reported a positive response (e.g., support), while 35.6% reported a negative response (e.g., blame). Regression analyses indicated that a greater delay in disclosure predicted greater externalizing behaviours (B = .49, p < .05), although this was a small effect (Cohen’s f 2 = 0.02). Additional disclosure variables were associated with components of externalizing (aggressive and rule-breaking behaviours) and internalizing (somatic complaints) behaviours. Conclusions: These results require replication in future studies. However, they do suggest that efforts need to be undertaken to address the barriers that hinder men from disclosing their sexual abuse and to ensure that men are supported once they disclose. (Edited publisher abstract)