Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Current issues in child sexual abuse, gender and health outcomes: shedding new lights to inform worldwide policy and practice
- Authors:
- COLLIN-VEZINA Delphine, GARRIDO Edward F.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 63, 2016, p.245–248.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This paper introduces the articles in this special issue, which builds upon a growing literature on CSA, gender and outcomes that calls for action to further prevent, address and respond to cases of sexual violence. The calls for action highlighted in this series of papers are paramount to improving the well-being of children and youth, and to building communities and societies that can nolonger ignore the magnitude of the problem of CSA and the extent of its impact. (Edited publisher abstract)
Variations in emotional abuse experiences among multiply maltreated young adolescents and relations with developmental outcomes
- Authors:
- TRICKETT Penelope K., KIM Kihyun, PRINDLE John
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 35(10), October 2011, pp.876-886.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Previous research has suggested that emotional abuse very often overlaps with other types of child maltreatment. The aim of this study was to explore patterns of overlapping types of child maltreatment. The sample was 303 ethnically diverse male and female youth identified as maltreated by the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services. Information about the maltreatment experiences was obtained using data from case records abstraction. Cluster analysis was conducted using the categorisation of 4 types of abuse: physical (PA), sexual (SA), emotional abuse (EA), and neglect (NE). The results were ordered to focus on emotional abuse. The findings identified 4 clusters of child maltreatment experiences (no EA, EA+PA, EA+PA+NE, and EA+PA+NE+SA). The different clusters of child maltreatment were compared on the multiple outcomes such as mental health, behaviour problems, self-perception, and cognitive development. Different clusters were differentially associated with multiple outcome measures. In general, multiply-maltreated youth fared worst, especially when the cluster involved sexual abuse. Also, sex differences were found in these associations, with boys who experienced multiple types of maltreatment showing more difficulties than girls. These results reiterate the importance of creating more complex models of child maltreatment.
Patients' characteristics and treatment outcome in a group-analytic psychotherapeutic community
- Authors:
- TZIOTZIOU Anna, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal of Therapeutic Communities, 26(3), Autumn 2005, pp.245-260.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This study aimed to record the characteristics of all 816 patients treated in the Psychotherapeutic Community of the Open Psychotherapy Centre (OPC) from 1980 to 1999 and the discussion of the parameters which influence outcome. It is a retrospective study, based mainly on archives of the therapeutic sector of the OPC. The data recorded concerns the epidemiological characteristics: demographic, and the psychiatric clinical. The findings indicate some factors which are statistically correlated to the outcome, such as previous hospitalization, duration of therapy, medication, diagnosis and gender. Finally a patients profile is described, based on those characteristics which are the most common.
Subjective ratings of emotional health as risk factor for major depression in a community sample
- Authors:
- HOFF Raini A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, February 1997, pp.167-172.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Although subjective ratings of health have been shown to be accurate predictors of physical health outcomes, there is little research on the association between subjective emotional health (SEH) and psychiatric outcomes. This article utilises data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study to explore the relationship between baseline SEH and the risk for major depression in the next year. Found that the age- and gender-adjusted relationship between SEH and depression is quite significant, and remains so after adjusting for other factors associated with major depression. The more positive the SEH rating, the lower the risk of an episode of depression in the next year. Explores some possible explanation for this association including possible confounders that were not accounted for and the possibility that SEH ratings pose an independent risk for major depression.
Race, substance abuse, and mental health disorders as predictors of juvenile court outcomes: do they vary by gender?
- Authors:
- WELCH-BREWER Chiquitia L., STODDARD-DARE Patricia, MALLETT Christopher
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 28(3), June 2011, pp.229-241.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Using a random sample of 341 young people from one Midwestern urban county in the USA, this study examines if race, substance abuse, and mental health disorders influence outcomes (number of court offences, conviction(s), probation supervision length, detention length, and number of probation services) differently for male and female juvenile offenders. Multivariate analysis findings revealed that race was significant only for males, and having a substance use disorder was a stronger predictor of delinquency outcomes for males; whereas, having a mental health disorder was a stronger predictor of delinquency outcomes for females. Implications for this research include the importance of early disorder identification and subsequent availability of gender-focused treatment.
Gender differences in internalizing problems among sexually abused early adolescents
- Author:
- COOHEY Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 34(11), November 2010, pp.856-862.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This study examined whether sexually abused adolescent boys or girls were more likely to have internalising behaviour scores in the clinical range. Having discovered that boys were more likely to exhibit an internalising behaviour problem, the author tested whether this relationship would persist after the following variables were taken into account: characteristics of the sexual abuse, exposure to domestic violence, self-efficacy, and their peer and caregiver relationships. The study involved a sample of 127 girls and 31 boys, ages 11–14 obtained from a US national probability sample of children investigated by child protection services for child maltreatment. Sexually abused boys were shown to be more likely than girls to have an internalising behaviour problem in the clinical range even after controlling for the variables selected. Exposure to domestic violence, more severe sexual abuse, sexual abuse by a non-relative, and the amount of autonomy support provided by caregivers also increased the likelihood of an internalising problem. It is suggested that internalising symptoms warrant careful screening and assessment with sexually abused boys and girls who fall into these higher risk categories.
Gender differences in survival of 234 patients referred to a psychogeriatric service
- Authors:
- DAVIS Philip S., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(11), November 2000, pp.1061-1069.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study aimed to explore the survival characteristics of psychogeriatric patients in Western Australia. Linked health service data were analysed using relative survival analysis and actuarial methods. Gender-specific factors appear to affect survival in psychogeriatric patients. Male patients are younger on average, but experience higher mortality than female patients.
Outcome of psychosis in people of African-Caribbean family origin
- Authors:
- HARRISON Glynn, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 175, July 1999, pp.43-49.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
An increased incidence of psychotic disorders has repeatedly been reported among African-Caribbeans in the UK. This article examines whether the increased incidence of psychotic disorders in first- and second-generation African-Caribbeans in the UK could be caused by a relative excess of affective-related psychoses with good prognosis. Results found that the pattern course of psychosis did not differ significantly by ethnic family background. An excess of good-prognosis affective psychoses is an unlikely explanation for increased rates of psychosis in African-Caribbeans.
Mental health in primary care. An epidemiological study of morbidity and use of health resources
- Authors:
- VAZQUEZ-BARQUERO Jose, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, June 1997, pp.529-535.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Discusses the results of a survey to analyse the sociological, clinical and illness-related correlates of mental illness in primary care. The survey looks at the GP's abilities to identify and handle their patient's mental illness; investigates patients outcome and how it is conditioned by the presence of mental illness and related factors; and explores the way in which the identification of mental illness by the GP conditions the use of the patient's outcome and use of health resources. Concludes that in primary care, mental illness constitutes a mental health problem. Despite this fact, GP's do not recognise a substantial proportion of these health problems.
A descriptive analysis of treatment outcomes for clients with co-occuring disorders: the role of minority identifications
- Authors:
- ELIASON Michele J., AMODIA Diana S.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2(2), 2006, pp.89-109.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Racial/ethnic and gender disparities have been reported for a variety of substance abuse treatment outcomes, such as access to treatment and treatment completion, as well as differential representation in the criminal justice system. However, treatment outcomes have not been thoroughly explored in clients with co-occurring disorders. This descriptive study reports on the results of a retrospective chart review of 129 consecutive admissions to a residential program for substance abusers with co-occurring physical and/or mental health disorders. The purpose of this study is to examine potential influences of race/ethnicity and other individual differences on drug use variables, mental health diagnoses, and treatment outcomes. It is concluded that treatment success appears to be influenced by a variety of factors separate from drug use patterns and mental health diagnoses. Personal identities related to race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual identity appear to interact in unique ways. Treatment programs still seem to be geared toward the heterosexual male client. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).