Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Aggressive children with mental illness: a conceptual model of family-level outcomes
- Author:
- SPORER Karyn
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(3), 2019, pp.447-474.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The purpose of this research was to examine how families adapt and respond to an aggressive child with mental illness. This article presents findings from a qualitative study of four families, which were selected as typifying the experiences of a larger sample of 14 families; each family included a child with mental illness and a history of violent behavior. The analysis revealed a five-stage pattern in how families perceived and responded to victimization and their child or sibling’s mental illness. The study suggests that families with a violent child with mental illness and other healthy children cannot live through episodes of violence without removing the child with mental illness from the home or suffering considerable damage to the family. The article concludes with recommendations for mental health practitioners and family intervention specialists. (Edited publisher abstract)
Evidence on the long shadow of poor mental health across three generations
- Authors:
- JOHNSTON David W., SCHURER Stefanie, SHIELDS Michael A.
- Publisher:
- Institute for the Study of Labor
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 31p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Bonn
Focusing on mental health within families, this research examined the extent to which mental illness runs in families across generations and how poor mental health of mother and child is predictive of future economic outcomes. It used data from 3 generations from the 1970 British Cohort Study to estimate the intergenerational correlation of mental health between mothers, their children, and their grandchildren. The paper describes the methodology, modelling approach, analysis and results, and presents figures and tables with further details in an appendix. The researchers report that the probability of feeling depressed is 63% higher for children whose mothers reported the same symptoms 20 years earlier, and that grandmother and grandchild mental health are strongly correlated. The study also found that maternal and own mental health are strong predictors of adult socioeconomic outcomes, suggesting that reduced maternal mental health reduces household income for adult offspring.
Coping effectiveness: determinants and relevance to the mental health and affect of family caregivers of persons with dementia
- Authors:
- GOTTLEIB B. H., ROONEY J. A.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 9(4), July 2004, pp.364-373.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Family caregivers of persons with dementia (n = 141) rated their effectiveness in coping with a challenging symptom displayed by their relative, and completed measures of their ways of coping, their general (optimism) and specific (caregiving self-efficacy) outcome expectancies, their affect (positive and negative), and the mental health subscale of the SF-36. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that coping effectiveness is more highly influenced by relatively stable outcome expectancies than by the ways of coping that are employed. In addition, optimism exerted a consistent and relatively strong impact on affect and mental health, overshadowing the influence of coping and judgments of its effectiveness. However, coping effectiveness not only had a significant main effect on the caregivers' mental health and negative affect, but also served a stress buffering function by reducing negative affect.
Brief report: journey of hope program outcomes
- Authors:
- PICKETT-SCHENK Susan A., COOK Judith A., LARIS Alexandra
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 36(4), 2000, pp.413-424.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Families of persons with mental illness often benefit from participating in interventions which provide education and support. The present study describes outcomes reported by 424 families who participated in one such intervention, the journey of hope (JOH) programme. Hierarchical regression analyses found that programme outcomes- increased knowledge of the causes and treatment of mental illness, increased understanding of the mental health service system, and improved morale- were predictive of one another. JOH therefore may provide families with the knowledge and support they need to strengthen their ability to cope with their relative's mental illness.
Family history as a predictor of poor long-term outcome in depression
- Authors:
- DUGGAN C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 173, December 1998, pp.527-530.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Investigates whether family history has prognostic significance in depression in a study which addresses some of the methodological short-comings of previous studies. Results found positive family history of severe psychiatric illness was associated with poor outcome in the proband. This association persisted after controlling for variable family size, age structure and gender. Concludes that family history of severe psychiatric illness in a first-degree relative may be useful as one of the vulnerability factors for predicting poor long-term outcome in depression.
Key elements of a family intervention for schizophrenia: a qualitative analysis of an RCT
- Authors:
- GRACIO Jaime, GONÇALVES‐PEREIRA Manuel, LEFF Julian
- Journal article citation:
- Family Process, 57(1), 2018, pp.100-112.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Schizophrenia is a complex biopsychosocial condition in which expressed emotion in family members is a robust predictor of relapse. Not surprisingly, family interventions are remarkably effective and thus recommended in current treatment guidelines. Their key elements seem to be common therapeutic factors, followed by education and coping skills training. However, few studies have explored these key elements and the process of the intervention itself. We conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the records from a pioneering family intervention trial addressing expressed emotion, published by Leff and colleagues four decades ago. Records were analyzed into categories and data explored using descriptive statistics. This was complemented by a narrative evaluation using an inductive approach based on emotional markers and markers of change. The most used strategies in the intervention were addressing needs, followed by coping skills enhancement, advice, and emotional support. Dealing with overinvolvement and reframing were the next most frequent. Single‐family home sessions seemed to augment the therapeutic work conducted in family groups. Overall the intervention seemed to promote cognitive and emotional change in the participants, and therapists were sensitive to the emotional trajectory of each subject. On the basis of our findings, we developed a longitudinal framework for better understanding the process of this treatment approach. (Edited publisher abstract)
The impacts of child sexual abuse: a rapid evidence assessment
- Authors:
- FISHER Cate, et al
- Publisher:
- Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 196
- Place of publication:
- London
This rapid evidence assessment (RAE) summarises the existing evidence for the impacts of child sexual abuse on victims and survivors throughout their lives, in relation to physical health, emotional wellbeing and mental health; externalising behaviours, interpersonal relationships, socio-economic impact, religious and spiritual beliefs and vulnerability to revictimisation. The REA also looks at impact of CSA on the families of victims and survivors and wider society. Searches were conducted using peer-reviewed journal databases and sources of grey literature during 2016 and the results of over 200 of the most relevant and robust studies were synthesised for the report. The review found compelling evidence that CSA is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes in almost every sphere of victims and survivors’ lives, and that this risk can persist across their lifespan. It also identified impacts for family members of the victims and survivors, and for wider society in both financial and less tangible ways. The evidence also shows that resilience and recovery are possible for victims and survivors. Protective factors identified include the receipt of effective support services and a positive and sensitive response from family, friends and professionals following disclosure of CSA. The review identifies evidence gaps in a number of areas, including the impact of CSA on pre-adolescent and older (65 plus) victims and survivors, as well as on black and minority ethnic (BME), lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and disabled people. (Edited publisher abstract)
The influence of family and social problems on treatment outcomes of persons with co-occurring substance use disorders and PTSD
- Authors:
- SAUNDERS Elizabeth C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Substance Use, 21(3), 2016, pp.237-243.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objective: Family and social problems may contribute to negative recovery outcomes in patients with co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorders, yet few studies have empirically examined this relationship. This study investigates the impact of family and social problems on treatment outcomes among patients with co-occurring substance use and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: A secondary analysis was conducted using data collected from a randomiSed controlled trial of an integrated therapy for patients with co-occurring substance use and PTSD. Substance use, psychiatric symptoms and social problems were assessed. Longitudinal outcomes were analysed using generalised estimating equations (GEEs) and multiple linear regression. Results: At baseline, increased family and social problems were associated with more severe substance use and psychiatric symptoms. Over time, all participants had comparable decreases in substance use and psychiatric problem severity. However, changes in family and social problem severity were predictive of PTSD symptom severity, alcohol use and psychiatric severity at follow-up. Conclusions: For patients with co-occurring substance use and PTSD, family and social problem severity is associated with substance use and psychiatric problem severity at baseline and over time. Targeted treatment for social and family problems may be optimal. (Edited publisher abstract)
Family-level factors and African American children’s behavioral health outcomes: a systematic review
- Author:
- WASHINGTON Tyreasa
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 44(6), 2015, pp.819-834.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Background: Considerable prior research targeting African American children has focused on the pervasiveness of problematic behaviour and negative risk factors associated with their development, however the influence of family on better behavioural health outcomes has largely been ignored. Objective: The purpose of this review is to examine empirical studies that focus on the association between family-level factors (e.g., parenting practices, family functioning) and African American children’s behavioural health. Specifically, we examined the studies’ characteristics, the relationship between various family-level factors and behavioural health outcomes, and the extent to which these studies consider racial, ethnic, and/or cultural nuances and competencies. Methods: This review was guided by systematic review methods of Gough et al. (An introduction to systematic reviews. Sage, London, 2012) and Moher et al. (Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6(6):e1000097, 2009). Thirty-five studies were included and assessed. Results: The majority of the studies’ samples were low-income, resided in female-headed households, and lived in urban areas. Parenting practices (66 % of studies) were by far the most frequently examined family-level factor associated with behavioural health outcomes. A few studies examined the moderating or mediating role of racial discrimination and/or racial socialisation. Conclusion: Findings from this review can inform the development or adaptation of family-based interventions that can effectively promote better behavioural health and resiliency of African American children and adolescents. (Edited publisher abstract)
Family involvement and changes in child behavior during residential mental health treatment
- Authors:
- ROBST John, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 42(3), 2013, pp.225-238.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Background Family involvement is viewed as an important component of the treatment process for children in residential treatment centers, but little is known about the impact of contact with family members on changes in youth functioning. Objective The goal of this study was to use administrative data to examine the association between family involvement and youth outcomes for a Medicaid-funded residential treatment programme in Florida. Differences between in-person and telephone intervention contacts based on the proximity of the family residence to the programme were also explored. Methods The sample was divided into two groups based on the number of family contacts per month during the treatment episode; i.e., number of family contacts equal to or less than the median and number of family contacts greater than the median. Generalised estimating equations were used to examine characteristics related to the percent change in scores on a measure of emotional and behavioral functioning. Results Results suggest that maternal and paternal contacts, as well as the total number of family contacts, were associated with greater improvements in youth functioning. Youth that resided in a different county than the residential programme had greater improvement in behaviours when the family was involved regardless of whether contact was in-person or over the phone. Conclusions Family involvement, including phone contacts, is associated with improved youth outcomes during the treatment episode. (Publisher abstract)