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Worry content reported by older adults with and without generalized anxiety disorder
- Authors:
- DIEFENBACH G.J., STANLEY M.A., BECK J.G.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(3), August 2001, pp.269-274.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study investigated worry content in older adults with and without generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). This is an important topic of research, where findings may promote improved recognition and treatment of this disorder in late-life, as well as provide information about the nature of worry across the lifespan. Worry content was compared for 44 older adults diagnosed with GAD and 44 normal control (NC) volunteers matched for age, gender, and ethnicity. Results indicated that older adults with GAD reported a wider variety of worry topics than did NC participants. However, there were no differences in worry content patterns between older adults with and without GAD. These results suggest that pathological worry in later life is not uniquely defined by content, and implications of these findings for assessment and treatment of GAD in older adults are discussed. Worry content reported by older adults also was compared with previously published younger adult worry content data. Age differences in worry content were found in both the clinical and non-clinical groups in patterns that were generally consistent with common age-related developmental changes. Directions for future research of worry across the lifespan are proposed.
Persecutory symptoms and perceptual disturbance in a community sample of older people: the Islington study
- Authors:
- LIVINGSTON G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(5), May 2001, pp.462-468.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Describes a study in Islington, an inner London borough. Residents aged 65 or over were interviewed at home. The Short-CARE was used to elicit psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis. Sociodemographic particulars were elicited using the Client Sociodemographic and Service Receipt Inventory. Questions were asked regarding sight and hearing. Subsections of the geriatric mental scale were used to identify people who had paranoid symptoms and perceptual disturbance (PDD). 720 people were interviewed. Twenty-eight (3.9%) participants scored positively on the PPD sub-scales of the GMS. Analysis found the significant independent predictors were dementia, drinking alcohol in last 6 months, drinking alcohol to help sleep, subjective memory loss and uncorrected visual impairment. Concludes that there is a relatively high prevalence of PPD in older people living in the community. This is not associated with higher use of services despite the increased needs. Further studies should consider interventions to meet this unmet need.
The Zarit Burden interview: a new short version and screening version
- Authors:
- BEDARD Michael, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 41(5), October 2001, pp.652-657.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The purpose of the study was to develop a short and a screening version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) that would be suitable across diagnostic groups of cognitively impaired older adults, and that could be used for cross-sectional,longitudinal, and intervention studies. The authors used data from 413 care givers of cognitively impaired older adults referred to a memory clinic and collected information on caregiver burden with the 22-item ZBI, and information about dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs) and the frequency of problem behaviours among care recipients. We used factor analysis and item-total correlations to reduce the number of items while taking into consideration diagnosis and change scores. From this they produced a 12-item version (short) and a 4-item version (screening) of the ZBI. Correlations between the short and the full version ranged from 0.92 to 0.97, and from 0.83 to 0.93 for the screening version. Correlation between the three versions and ADL and problem behaviours were similar. We further investigated the behaviour of the short version with a two-way analysis of variance and found that it produced identical results to the full version. The short and screening versions of the ZBI produced results comparable to those of the full version. Reducing the number of item did not affect the properties of the ZBI, and it may lead to easier administration of the instrument.
Developing inclusive mental health services for older people
- Author:
- BOWERS Helen
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review, 6(2), June 2001, pp.6-13.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
Discusses the need for specific mental health services for older people, and the obstacles to the recognition of mental health problems in older people. Also looks at recent policy developments, including the National Service Framework for Older people. Finally, provides an overview of the current issues and challenges.
Separating the personal from the professional
- Author:
- BHADURI Reba
- Journal article citation:
- Professional Social Work, March 2001, pp.14-15.
- Publisher:
- British Association of Social Workers
The author had a shock when she visited her mother in India and discovered the realities of caring for a person with mental health problems. Here she describes the difficulties that many carers cope with on a daily basis.
Subjective health measures and acute treatment outcomes in geriatric depression
- Authors:
- LENZE Eric J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(12), December 2001, pp.1149-1155.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study examines measures of self-rated health, physical disability, and social function as predictors of treatment response in late life- depression, and to assess these same health measures as treatment outcomes. Results found subjects with poorer self-rated health as baseline were more likely both to drop out of treatment and to not respond to adequate treatment. This relationship was independent of demographic measures, severity of depression, physical and social functioning, medical illness, personality, hopelessness, overall medication use, and side effects or non-compliance with treatment. Although this finding is preliminary it suggests that lower self-rated health may independently predict premature discontinuation of treatment for depression. Additionally, subjects who recovered from depression showed significantly improvements in self-rated health, physical disability, and social functioning.
Hidden psychiatric morbidity in elderly prisoners
- Authors:
- FAZEL Seena, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, December 2001, pp.535-539.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This research examined the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in elderly sentenced prisoners. A sample of 203 male sentenced prisoners aged over 59 years, from 15 prisons in England and Wales was interviewed using semistructured standardised instruments for psychiatric illness and personality disorder. The prevalence of depressive illness was five times greater than that found in other studies of younger adult prisoners and elderly people in the community. Underdetected, undertreated depressive illness in elderly prisoners is an increasing public health problem.
The prevalence and correlates of capacity to consent to a geriatric psychiatry admission
- Authors:
- MUKHERJEE S., SHAH A.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(4), November 2001, pp.335-339.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reports on a study to ascertain the prevalence and correlates of the lack of capacity to consent to geriatric psychiatry inpatient admission. All consecutive acute inpatient admissions to a geriatric psychiatry unit over a six-month period were examined by an independent research psychiatrist (SM). The overall prevalence of lack of capacity to consent to geriatric psychiatry inpatient admission was 48%. It was associated with a diagnosis of dementia, increased severity of cognitive impairment, reduced insight and detention under the Mental Health Act. These findings require replication in a larger multi-centre study. A large number of psychiatric patients are informally admitted despite lacking the capacity to consent to the admission because they do not dissent. These patients do not enjoy the safeguards available under the Mental Health Act.
The Comparative guide to the Care Standards Act 2000: parts I and II with the Registered Home Act 1984 (nursing homes and mental nursing homes); for inspectors, legal advisors and providers
- Authors:
- WITTON Marion, GRANT Neil
- Publisher:
- M.Witton & Bevan Ashford
- Publication year:
- 2001
- Pagination:
- 44p.
- Place of publication:
- Bristol
The Care Standards Act 200 replaces the Registered Homes Act 1984. It provides for the registration authorities to be the newly created National Care Standards Commission for England, and the National Assembly for Wales. This comparative guide sets out the new requirements under the Care Standards Act Parts I and II alongside the previous requirements of the Registered Homes Act with a clear explanation of the changes. Note is made where there was no previous equivalent, or where previous requirements have been removed. Some requirements under both the previous and the new regime are set out in regulations but this guide focuses on the Acts. The sections of the Act are set out in the same order as the Care Standards Act Parts I and II. Précis of each section are provided in boxes.
It isn't something to yodel about, but it exists! Faeces, nurses, social relations and status within a mental hospital
- Author:
- DONGEN E Van
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(3), August 2001, pp.205-215.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In medical settings, emotion-provoking work creates a hierarchy among health care professionals. Emotions like disgust, contempt or aversion that are evoked by 'body work' with elderly patients often remain invisible, but they play an important role in morality and shape the social relations between the patients and the professionals. With the help of ethnographic data from the nursing wards of a mental hospital in the Netherlands, the author shows how feelings about excrement are determined not only by their nature, but also by the nature of the relationships among the nurses and the relationships between the nurses and the elderly patients. Body care and the emotions that are evoked are connected to morality and moral care. Dealing with bodily and moral 'dirt' gives nurses a special position within the hospital as a whole, which will have effects on the care for elderly.