Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Stress and spirituality on the depressive symptoms of older adults in assisted living: gender differences
- Authors:
- JUN Jung Sim, LEE Kyoung Hag, BOLIN Brien L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work, 12(6), 2015, pp.588-600.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
In this study the authors explore the effects of stress and spirituality on the depressive symptoms of 92 older adult men and 224 older adult women who reside in assisted living facilities. Hierarchical regression reveals that stress was related to increases in depressive symptoms. The stress of women was more strongly associated with depressive symptoms than found among men. In contrast, spiritual coping was associated with a decrease in depressive symptoms among all older adults in assisted living. The spiritual coping of older adult women was not a significant predictor of decreased depressive symptoms. Through this study the authors support the use of spiritual interventions to alleviate depressive symptoms experienced by older adults in assisted living.
Provider-led pathways to work: net impacts on employment and benefits: working paper
- Authors:
- KNIGHT Genevieve, et al
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department for Work and Pensions
- Publication year:
- 2013
- Pagination:
- 99p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The main objective of this impact study was to assess whether Provider Led Pathways helped more incapacity benefits customers move into work or leave benefit than would have done otherwise. The impact analysis was conducted using administrative data (Incapacity Benefits claims and HMRC employment records) and data collected from two large scale telephone surveys with 2007 and 2008 incapacity benefit claimants living in Provider Led Pathways areas and in matched comparison areas which did not have the Provider Led Pathways to provide the counterfactual of not participating in this programme. On average, interviews were conducted 14 months after the claim for benefits. Findings revealed that in Provider Led Pathways lowered the proportion of benefits claimants by two percentage points; there was no conclusive evidence of a Provider Led Pathways impact on employment, but there was some evidence that Provider Led Pathways raised employment, and it was estimated to raise HMRC employment by one percentage point; Provider Led Pathways had a statistically significant impact for men, but not for women, and for those who were less than 50 years old, but not for those aged 50 years and over; and for those with mental health conditions and those with other health conditions, the Provider Led Pathways raised the proportion off benefit by two percentage points.
Depression and mental health among older Mexican American spouses
- Authors:
- STIMPSON J. P., PEEK M. K., MARKIDES K. S.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 10(4), July 2006, pp.386-393.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Although the association between marriage and well-being is well established, few studies have focused on learning more about the context of marriage and mental health. Recent research studying the mechanisms of marriage and health has focused on contagion of well-being among spouses. This study examined the association of depression with self-esteem, social support, life satisfaction, concern for independence, and cognitive function using baseline data for 553 older, Mexican American couples. Overall, we found evidence to suggest an interdependent relationship between husbands’ and wives’ emotional states, but the association was not equal for couples. Husbands’ depression was significantly associated with the well-being of their wife, but the wife's depression was rarely associated with the husband's well-being. The findings from this study add to the increasing literature on spousal contagion by focusing on an under studied minority group, examining how depression affects well-being, and highlighting unequal effects of marriage on spousal well-being.
Delusions of Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease
- Authors:
- IKEDA Manabu, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(6), June 2003, pp.527-532.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Delusions constitute one of the most prominent psychiatric complications in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is little consensus of the prevalence and associated factors for delusions in AD. 112 consecutive patients with AD were recruited over a one year period and administered the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Delusions were present in 53 patients (47.3%). Delusions of theft were the most common type of delusion (75.5% of patients with delusions), followed by misidentification delusions and delusions of suspicion. More hallucination, agitation, and female gender were found in the delusions group. The authors found a high frequency of delusions, particularly of delusions of theft and suggested that gender was associated with the expression of delusions in Japanese patients with AD.
Mental disorders among the community-dwelling elderly in Dublin
- Authors:
- KIRBY M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 171, October 1997, pp.369-372.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Reports on a study to determine the prevalence of mental disorders among the community-dwelling elderly in the catchment area of a psychiatry service for the elderly in Dublin. Concludes that depression is the most common mental disorder among the elderly in Dublin. Found that the frequency of anxiety symptoms in the presentation of depression may be a factor in the under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis of depression in the community-dwelling elderly.
Association of age and gender with anxiety disorders in older adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
- Authors:
- GRENIER Sebastien, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(3), 2019, pp.397-407.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: To provide an estimate of 12‐month and lifetime prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM‐IV) anxiety disorders in older adults based on published studies on this topic and to identify the impact of gender and age. Methods/Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed. Six databases were searched, and manual searches through reference lists of selected articles and reviews were performed. When the information was available, summary effects were calculated for the prevalence of each anxiety disorder and for every age and gender subgroups. Summary odd ratios (OR) were calculated to compare the prevalence of an anxiety disorder according to age and gender. Results: A total of 6464 studies were identified, and 16 studies were included in the meta‐analyses. Prevalence was significantly higher in women than men for generalized anxiety disorder (12 month OR = 6.10, P = 0.001; lifetime OR = 1.96, P = 0.001), 12‐month social anxiety disorder (OR = 2.07, P = 0.01), and lifetime post‐traumatic stress disorder (OR = 1.93, P = 0.002). The prevalence of specific phobia was significantly lower in both the 75 to 84 and 85 years and above age groups when compared with the 65 to 74 years age group (OR = 0.70, P = 0.004 and OR = 0.63, P = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the tendency for women to experience a greater prevalence of anxiety disorders remains present in older adults. Specific phobia was the only disorder to be less frequent with advancing age. This is likely to change with the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) criteria because this new DSM version now indicates that fear of falling is a possible type of specific phobia and fear of falling is generally more frequent in the oldest age groups. (Edited publisher abstract)
Gender specific standards to improve health and wellbeing for women in prison in England
- Authors:
- PEDEN Jo, et al
- Publisher:
- Public Health England
- Publication year:
- 2018
- Pagination:
- 205
- Place of publication:
- London
These standards set out evidence-based good practice in addressing the health and wellbeing needs of women in prison. The document contains six key principles and 122 standards covering 10 topic areas. The ten topic areas are: general, health and wellbeing; mental health, self-harm and suicide; substance misuse; violence and abuse; sexual and reproductive health; pregnancy and families; older women; nutrition and diet; physical activity; and weight management. The standards have been developed from a literature review of current evidence and reviewed through consultation with national and international experts. They are designed to complement existing national and international health standards and guidance for women in prison. The document will be useful for commissioners of services, service providers and all employees who work in the female prisons. It is also relevant for local authorities and community providers who may provide services to women on leaving prison. (Edited publisher abstract)
Unforgiveness, depression, and health in later life: the protective factor of forgivingness
- Authors:
- ERMER Ashley E., PROULX Christine M.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(10), 2016, pp.1021-1034.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Feeling unforgiven by others has been linked to poor health outcomes. The current study examined whether feeling unforgiven by others is associated with depression and self-rated health among older adults in the United States. The potential moderating roles of forgiving others and self-forgiveness in the association between unforgiveness and both depression and self-rated health was also assessed along with gender differences. Method: Data were drawn from a sample of 1009 adults in Wave 2 of the Religion, Aging, and Health Survey, a national sample of adults aged over 67. Depression was measured using the eight item short form from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. Self-rated health was assessed with a one-item indicator. Results: Analyses indicated that higher levels of self-forgiveness ameliorated the relationship between unforgiveness by others and depression for men and women and higher levels of forgiving others attenuated the association between unforgiveness by others and depression for women. Self-forgiveness was protective of depression for women who reported unforgiveness by others and low levels of forgiving others. Regardless of levels of self-forgiveness, men who were most likely to forgive others experienced a significant association between unforgiveness by others and depression. Neither forgiving others nor the self were significant moderators in the association between unforgiveness and self-rated health. Conclusion: Forgiving others and the self may be protective of well-being when women feel unforgiven by others. These findings have implications for forgiveness intervention programs and contribute to literature pertaining to forgiveness and health in later life. (Publisher abstract)
Folate and B12 serum levels in association with depression in the aged: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- PETRIDOU Eleni Th, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(9), 2016, pp.965-673.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: To systematically review and meta-analyse existing evidence on the association between folate/B12, and depression among the aged people. Methods: Following PRISMA/STROBE guidelines, the Medline abstracts were retrieved using an algorithm comprising relevant MeSH terms. Publications on the association of folate/B12 serum measurements with depression were abstracted independently by two reviewers and included in both gender and gender-specific meta-analyses, following recarculations of published data as appropriate. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Results: Both gender data were contributed by 11 folate-related (7949 individuals) and 9 B12-related studies (6308 individuals), whereas gender-specific data by 4 folate-related (3409 individuals) and 3 B12-related studies (1934 individuals). A statistically significant overall association between both exposures of interest (low folate and B12 levels) and depression was observed (ORfolate:1.23, 95%CI:1.07–1.43, ORB12:1.20, 95%CI:1.02–1.42). Gender-specific estimates pointed to a statistically significant positive association between low B12 levels and depression only among women (OR:1.33, 95%CI:1.02–1.74); the gender specific associations of low folate levels with depression were, however, non-significant and of counter-direction (ORfemales:1.37, 95%CI:0.90–2.07; ORmales:0.84, 95%CI:0.57–1.25). Conclusion: Low folate and B12 serum levels seem to be associated with depression in the aged. The gender-specific analyses are confined to a positive association of low B12 with depression among older women and call for further research in this direction. (Publisher abstract)
Health survey for England 2014: chapter 2 mental health problems
- Author:
- BRIDGES Sally
- Publisher:
- Health and Social Care Information Centre
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 17
- Place of publication:
- Leeds
This chapter presents findings from the Health Survey for England 2014, describing the prevalence of mental illness in the population, recent treatment and experience and the relationships between mental illness and other aspects of people’s lives and health. In 2014, 8,077 adults (aged 16 and over) and 2,003 children (aged 0-15) were interviewed and 5,491 adults and 1,249 children had a nurse visit. The findings show that more than half of women and more than a third of men reported ever having had a mental illness, and a third of women and almost a fifth of men reported ever having a diagnosed mental illness. In line with other research, mental illness was more prevalent in those from lower income backgrounds and deprived areas, highlighting the significant mental health inequalities that exist in society. Long term health conditions contribute to the excess premature mortality observed among those with mental illness, suggesting that the links between physical and mental health need to be fully recognised and explored so that people with multiple conditions receive the interdisciplinary treatment they need to lead full and healthy lives. Furthermore, the chapter suggests that integrating mental health services and interventions with services offered to those with long term physical conditions may help to tackle some of the comorbidity observed in the population. (Edited publisher abstract)