Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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The state of mental health in old-age across the ‘old’ European Union: a systematic review
- Authors:
- RIEDEL-HELLER S.G., BUSSE A., ANGERMEYER M.C.
- Journal article citation:
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 113(5), May 2006, pp.388-401.
- Publisher:
- Blackwell Publishing
This review of epidemiological studies conducted in 13 of the 15 countries of the pre-enlargement European Union finds that mental disorders in old age are common, with the most serious threats posed by dementia and depression. While it is clear that the prevalence of dementia increases with age, the pattern with regard to depression is unclear. Evidence on other mental health disorders, including those associated with substance use, mild cognitive impairment, psychotic syndromes, anxiety and somatoform disorders is much less abundant, making it difficult to come to conclusions. In addition, the lack of comparable data means that it is impossible so far to make judgements about differences in the prevalence rates of particular disorders across geographical and cultural boundaries.
Violence, older adults, and serious mental illness
- Authors:
- GOLDHAGEN Renata F.S., DAVIDTZ Jennifer
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 57, 2021, p.101439.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on violence and aggressive behavior by and towards older adults in the context of serious mental illness. Literature was identified via comprehensive searches of PsycInfo, MedLine, AgeLine, CINAHL, PubMed, Biomedical Reference Collection, Sociological Abstracts, and Google Scholar. Key findings of the review are as follows: (1) older adults with serious mental illness are at risk for violent and aggressive behavior; (2) there is limited research on aggressive behavior in older adults with serious mental illness who do not have comorbid dementia; and (3) older adults are at increasing risk of experiencing aggressive behaviors from their mentally ill adult children for whom they provide care. Limitations of the available literature reviewed include possible underreporting of violent and aggressive behavior, a lack of consensus regarding the age at which one is considered to be an older adult, and varying subjective experiences across participants regarding what constitutes violent and aggressive behavior. The literature reviewed suggests that preventing and managing aggression and violence by or towards older adults should emphasize a collaborative approach that integrates the social, interpersonal, situational, and cultural contexts both in future research and clinical practice. (Edited publisher abstract)
The assessment of pain in older people: UK national guidelines
- Author:
- SCHOFIELD Pat
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 47(suppl 1), 2018, p.i1–i22.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This guidance highlights the problems in assessing and managing pain in an ever increasing older population. This brings an anticipated increase in the prevalence of chronic pain and with this comes the challenge of assessment of pain in many varied settings. The first iteration of this guideline was published in 2007. But there has been a proliferation of literature and research since then, so this is a a revised set of guidelines based on a systematic review to examine the evidence for the effectiveness of pain assessment strategies in older people with or without cognitive function. The objectives of the review included: exploring the attitudes and beliefs of older people with pain about the assessment of their pain and interactions with carers; evaluating the effectiveness of the assessment of function as a measure of pain in older people; evaluating the effectiveness of self-assessment to quantify pain in older people and determining if changes in pain assessment strategy are required for people with cognitive impairment, mental health or psychological problems. These guidelines provide a range of tools which demonstrate good validity and reliability for clinical practice in assessing pain in older people. (Original abstract)
Cardiac conditions
- Authors:
- PECK Michel D., AI Amy L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 50(S1), 2008, pp.13-44.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the USA, and the incidence of age-related CVD will inevitably increase with an aging population. There is increasing evidence of co-morbid mental health conditions in CVD patients, especially depression and anxiety, and this systematic review explores the empirical literature on psychosocial treatments. This identified three meta-analyses and 11 additional randomised controlled trials. The meta-analyses provide positive evidence for the benefits of psychosocial treatments on some primary health outcomes but these are less clear in subsequent trials. Further research is required. The paper concludes with a ‘treatment resource appendix’ directed at US practitioners. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Counselling older people: a systematic review
- Authors:
- HILL Andrew, BRETTLE Alison
- Publisher:
- British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 92p.
- Place of publication:
- Rugby
The Government’s National Service Framework for older people has been developed in response to the ageing UK population with a consequential need to expand health and social care services for older people. The importance of mental health care for older people as an area of public policy has also been recognised, the under-detection of mental illness in older people having been identified as a key issue. Counselling can play a key role in this area of service provision but the evidence base to demonstrate its effectiveness with this client group has not been established. The Centre for Social Work and Social Care and the Health Care Practice Unit undertook this systematic review of the literature relating to counselling and older people funded by The British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy.
Efficacy and effectiveness of psychological interventions on co‐occurring mood and anxiety disorders in older adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
- Authors:
- WUTHRICH Viviana M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 36(6), 2021, pp.858-872.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: Co‐occurring mood and anxiety disorders are common in older adult populations and are associated with worse long‐term outcomes and poorer treatment response than either disorder alone. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to examine the efficacy and effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating co‐occurring mood and anxiety disorders in older adults. Method: The study was registered (PROSPERO CRD4201603834), databases systematically searched (MEDLINE, PSYCINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Reviews) and articles screened according to PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion: Participants aged ≥60 years with clinically significant anxiety and depression, psychological intervention evaluated against control in randomised controlled trial, changes in both anxiety and depression reported at post‐treatment. Results: Four studies were included (total n = 255, mean age range 67–71 years). Overall, psychological interventions (cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness) resulted in significant benefits over control conditions (active, waitlist) for treating depression in the presence of co‐occurring anxiety (Hedges' g = −0.44), and treating anxiety in the presence of depression (Hedges' g = −0.55). However, conclusions are limited; the meta‐analysis was non‐significant, few studies were included, several were low quality and there was high heterogeneity between studies. Benefits at follow‐up were not established. Conclusion: Co‐occurring anxiety and mood disorders can probably be treated simultaneously with psychological interventions in older adults with moderate effect sizes, however, more research is needed. Given comorbidity is common and associated with worse clinical outcomes, more high‐quality clinical trials are needed that target the treatment of co‐occurring anxiety and mood disorders, and report changes in diagnostic remission for both anxiety and mood disorders independently. (Edited publisher abstract)
Emotion-regulation strategies in older people: a systematic review
- Authors:
- RAMIREZ-RUIZ Blanca, QUINN Kathryn, FERREIRA Nuno
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 24(1), 2020, pp.1-18.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Emotion regulation (ER) has been identified as an important factor influencing psychological and health problems of adult populations. The purpose of this paper is to address a gap in the literature by examining available evidence relating to the use of ER strategies (avoidance, problem solving, reappraisal, rumination and suppression) on the well-being of older people (OP). Design/methodology/approach: A systematic search for peer-reviewed articles published from 1985 to 2015 was conducted in PsycINFO, CINAHL, Medline, Psychological and Behavioural Sciences Collections and ASSIA and resulted in 1746 titles. In total, 20 studies met full inclusion criteria (the cross-sectional association between well-being and ER was reported, participants were 60 years or older, without cognitive impairment and the article was written in English, Portuguese or Spanish). Findings: Rumination was found to be the ER strategy most strongly associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in OP populations, while mixed result were found for avoidance, problem solving, suppression and reappraisal. Research limitations/implications: Given the scarcity of research examining the association between ER and positive psychological concepts only a conclusion about ER and negative mood measures could be made. Questions for future research on ER and well-being in OP are proposed. Originality/value: This paper addresses a significant gap in the literature regarding the use of ER strategies in older adults. (Publisher abstract)
Instruments for comprehensive needs assessment in individuals with cognitive complaints, mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review
- Authors:
- SCHMID Roger, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(4), April 2012, pp.329-341.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The authors begin their paper by discussing the importance of appropriate and appropriately applied needs assessment in cognitive impairment from both the patient’s and practitioner’s perspectives. It has become more common to complement the objective assessment of symptoms with an assessment of individual needs patterns as created by the individual pattern of symptoms. However, relatively little is known about needs patterns in individuals with subjective cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Based on an analysis of the development of needs in the course of cognitive decline, the authors provide an overview of the existing needs assessment instruments with respect to their feasibility, validity and reliability. A literature search included publications to September 2009 in PsycINFO and PubMed. Seventeen needs assessment instruments for older individuals with mental disorders, cognitive impairment or dementia were identified. A wide range of needs indicators within different subgroups were discovered. Validity and reliability ranged between moderate and good. The authors conclude that even though a wide range of needs assessment instruments is available, most assess individual needs on a general rather than on a more concrete level that may serve better to inform interventions for this growing population. They suggest basing the development of instruments on an adequate theoretical framework and standardise procedural guidelines.
The effectiveness of crisis resolution/home treatment teams for older people with mental health problems: a systematic review and scoping exercise
- Authors:
- TOOT Sandeep, DEVINE Mike, ORRELL Martin
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(12), December 2011, pp.1221-1230.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of crisis resolution/home treatment teams (CRHTTs) for older people with mental health problems. A scoping exercise was also carried out to assess the typologies of older people's CRHTTs in practice, and to review these in the context of policy and research findings. CRHTTs were effective in reducing numbers of admissions to hospitals, but outcomes such as length of hospital stay and maintenance of community residence was inconclusive. The scoping exercise defined three types of home treatment service model: generic home treatment teams; specialist older adults’ home treatment teams; and intermediate care services. These home treatment teams seemed to be effectively managing crises and reducing admissions. The review highlighted a lack of evidence for the effectiveness of crisis resolution/home treatment teams in supporting older people with mental health problems to remain at home. The authors suggest the need for a randomised controlled trial to establish the efficacy of crisis resolution/home treatment services for older people with mental health problems, as well as an assessment of the home treatment service models available in the UK.
Diabetes treatments
- Author:
- DeCOSTER Vaughn A.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 50(S1), 2008, pp.105-129.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The ageing of the population, declining physical activity and increasing rates of obesity have led to a dramatic increase in the incidence of diabetes in the USA. This disease affects many aspects of the individual’s life and well-being although it is only in the past 15 years that researchers have begun to develop interventions that address its psychosocial aspects. This review examines studies published between 1985 and 2005, and involving adults over 60, identifying five individual interventions, six group interventions and six classroom-based interventions. Intervention foci and approaches varied widely, with reported benefits in areas such as diabetes knowledge, diet, cholesterol, weight, exercise, problem-solving, functional independence, depression and quality of life. Intervention modality did not appear to influence success. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).