Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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A family approach to delirium: a review of the literature
- Author:
- HALLOWAY Shannon
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 18(2), 2014, pp.129-139.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This literature review had the following objectives: (1) evaluate the current state of research into delirium management (prevention, identification, or treatment of delirium) with family approaches or involvement, (2) identify gaps and areas that require investigation, and (3) determine a future course of research. A comprehensive search of original research was conducted in six major databases using seven keywords in 2012. The literature search yielded a total of 2160 articles. Criteria for eligibility were met by a total of 11 articles. The articles were evaluated in regards to purpose, sample, research design, level of evidence, variables, and results. The literature review revealed that this topic is emergent and requires substantial additional research. The aspects of delirium care that researchers investigated were diverse and included bedside interventions (n = 3), screening strategies (n = 4), family education (n = 2), and care that employed multiple components (n = 2). Delirium outcomes improved significantly in two high-quality studies: one multi-component intervention and one bedside intervention program. Other noteworthy findings of lower quality studies warrant further examination. The review of the articles did not determine if the involvement of families in delirium management improves patient outcomes; however, the review revealed potential for program development and future courses of research.
Psychological well-being in visually impaired and unimpaired individuals: a meta-analysis
- Authors:
- PINQUART Martin, PIEFFER Jens P.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Visual Impairment, 29(1), January 2011, pp.27-45.
- Publisher:
- Sage
It is generally believed that limited vision is negatively associated with psychological well-being (PWB). This meta-analysis integrates the results of 198 studies that compared the PWB of visually impaired individuals with unimpaired control groups or population norms. The authors define PWB in terms of individual internal states, such as being free of mental illness, having high levels of positive emotions, self acceptance, and being satisfied with life. The mean age of the visually impaired respondents was 71.37 years; normally sighted controls were just a little younger. About 62% of the respondents were women. Overall, visually impaired people showed a strong decline of vision-specific psychological well-being. However, declines in vision-unspecific measures were small compared to normally sighted peers. Sampling methods influenced study results. Declines of PWB were greater in studies with convenience samples (compared to probability samples) and in studies that used population norms rather than a control group. PWB was lower in; individuals with greater vision loss and in those with age-related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy, as compared to glaucoma; in adults as compared to children; and, to some extent, in older studies. The authors discuss their findings in terms of developing and implementing interventions aimed at protecting the PWB of visually impaired individuals.
Interventions to support recovery following an episode of delirium: a realist synthesis
- Authors:
- O'ROURKE Gareth, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 25(10), 2021, pp.1769-1785.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Persistent delirium is associated with poor outcomes in older adults but little is known about how to support longer-term recovery from delirium. The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise literature to understand mechanisms of recovery from delirium as a basis for designing an intervention that enables more effective recovery. Methods: A systematic search of literature relevant to the research question was conducted in two phases. Phase one focused on studies evaluating the efficacy of interventions to support recovery from delirium, and stage two used a wider search strategy to identify other relevant literature including similar patient groups and wider methodologies. Synthesis of the literature followed realist principles. Results: Phase one identified four relevant studies and stage two identified a further forty-six studies. Three interdependent recovery domains and four recovery facilitators were identified. Recovery domains were 1) support for physical recovery through structured exercise programmes; 2) support for cognitive recovery through reality orientation and cognitive stimulation; 3) support for emotional recovery through talking with skilled helpers. Recovery facilitators were 1) involvement and support of carers; 2) tailoring intervention to individual needs, preferences and abilities; 3) interpersonal connectivity and continuity in relationships and; 4) facilitating positive expressions of self. Conclusions: Multicomponent interventions with elements that address all recovery domains and facilitators may have the most promise. Future research should build on this review and explore patients’, carers’, and professionals’ tacit theories about the persistence of delirium or recovery from delirium in order to inform an effective intervention. (Edited publisher abstract)
Yoga as an intervention for older peoples mental health: a literature review
- Author:
- BELAM Georgia
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 24(3), 2020, pp.159-169.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Yoga practice has become increasingly popular around the world for the benefits it can bring for physical and mental health. However, little research has been done regarding the use of yoga as a therapy for elderly people with mental health problems. This literature review will therefore attempt to answer the questions: what research has been done to look into the use of yoga as therapy for elderly people with a diagnosis of mental health problems, what does this research show and what future directions may this work take in the future. Design/methodology/approach: The review describes four research studies that have been done looking at the use of yoga as an intervention in older people with diagnosed mental health problems and one upcoming larger study. Findings: Therefore, it is shown that the research in this area is so far still in its infancy, but that yoga has potential to be a useful potential treatment for older people with mental health problems. Originality/value: As with all research into treatments for mental health problems, involvement of patients and their carers will be vital to ensure that the direction of the research is one that will be valuable, and that the traditions of yoga that have been of so much benefit to so many can be used to help a group of people who are often vulnerable and who sometimes do not receive all the treatment that they deserve. (Edited publisher abstract)
Diversity in older age: disability
- Author:
- CENTRE FOR POLICY ON AGEING
- Publisher:
- Centre for Policy on Ageing
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 20
- Place of publication:
- London
This review summarises findings from selected literature and statistics on older disabled people. It is one of a series of rapid reviews commissioned by Age UK into the diversity that exists in the older population and the inequalities faced by specific groups of older people. Areas covered include: the meaning and prevalence of disability in older age; disability and employment; income and benefits; access to transport; health and social care; and housing. (Edited publisher abstract)
Prevalence, presentation and prognosis of delirium in older people in the population, at home and in long term care: a review
- Authors:
- DE LANGE E., VERHAAK P.F.M., VAN DER MEER K.
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(2), 2013, pp.127-134.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Although delirium is relatively common in hospitals, especially in intensive, post-operative and palliative care, its prevalence in the general population is only about 1-2%. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview, with the GP in mind, of prevalence, symptoms, risk factors and prognosis of delirium in primary care and institutionalised long-term care. The evidence confirms that the prevalence of delirium among the elderly aged 65+ years is 1–2%. It rises with age, reaching about 10% among a “general” population aged 85+ years. In populations with higher proportions of demented elders prevalence can be 22%. In long-term care, it ranges between 1.4% and 70%, depending on diagnostic criteria and on the prevalence of dementia. Age and cognitive decline are significant risk factors for delirium in all groups. In terms of prognosis, most studies agree that older people who previously experienced delirium have a higher risk of dementia and a higher mortality rate. Population and long-term care studies confirm this tendency. The authors conclude that although delirium in a non-selected population aged over 65 years is uncommon, prevalence rises quickly in selected older groups. They emphasise the need for primary care doctors to be aware of a relatively high risk of delirium among the elderly in long-term care, those over 85 years and those with dementia.
The impact of domestic abuse for older women: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- McGARRY Julie, SIMPSON Chris, HINCHLIFF-SMITH Kathryn
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 19(1), January 2011, pp.3-14.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The UK has an ageing population, and emerging national policy initiatives are beginning to recognise domestic abuse as an issue for older women. As such, it is fundamental that health and social care professionals are able to both identify domestic abuse and understand the particular experiences and needs of older women affected by domestic abuse. This literature review aimed to: provide a comprehensive summary of the impact of domestic abuse for older women particularly within the context of health; to explore the particular barriers to recognition and reporting abuse; and to highlight the particular gaps in our knowledge and understanding from a policy and care provision perspective. Overall findings showed that, while research in this area may be scarce, the work that has been undertaken to date would suggest that domestic abuse is both a significant and an under-recognised phenomenon with a wide-ranging impact on the lives and health of older women. Findings also suggest that older women’s experiences of domestic abuse are distinctly different from those in younger age groups and that these differences have not been adequately acknowledged.
Big Five personality characteristics are associated with depression subtypes and symptom dimensions of depression in older adults
- Authors:
- KOOREVAAR A.M.L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 2017, pp.e132-e140.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: This study examined the associations of personality characteristics with both subtypes and symptom dimensions of depression in older adults. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-eight depressed older adults participated in the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons. Personality characteristics were assessed by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory. Subtypes and symptom dimensions of depression were determined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between personality and atypical, melancholic, and unspecified subtypes of major depression. Linear regression analyses examined the associations between personality and the IDS mood, somatic, and motivation symptom dimensions. The analyses were adjusted for confounders and additionally adjusted for depression severity. Results: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness were associated with specified (atypical or melancholic) major depression compared with unspecified major depression in the bivariate analyses but lost their significance after adjustments for functional limitations and severity of depression. Neuroticism was positively associated with the IDS mood and motivation symptom dimensions, also in the adjusted models. Further, Extraversion and Agreeableness were negatively associated with the IDS mood symptom dimension, and Extraversion and Conscientiousness were negatively associated with the IDS motivation symptom dimension. None was associated with the IDS somatic symptom dimension. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the association of personality characteristics with mood and motivational symptoms of late-life depression. The lacking ability of personality to differentiate between melancholic and atypical depression seems to be largely explained by severity of depressive symptoms (Publisher abstract)
Family support in late life: a review of the literature on aging, disability, and family caregiving
- Authors:
- GROSSMAN Brian R., WEBB Catherine E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 19(4), 2016, pp.348-395.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
For older adults and people with disabilities in the United States, family caregiving is an important part of remaining at home and in the community. As care recipients and caregivers age, family dynamics change, and the health, social, and financial impacts of this work have implications for individuals, families, and social policy. This review maps the literature across multiple fields related to disability and ageing to understand caregiving in late life, what it means to be an older caregiver and/or to care for older people. The authors summarise the findings of 97 articles to address the care, services, and supports family caregivers provide for older adults; negative and positive impacts for caregivers serving in this role; supports that family members use or need; and societal impact of family caregiving. Much of the literature describes the work family caregivers provide and negative impacts of caregiving. Less attention is devoted to caregiving benefits, supports used by family caregivers, and societal impacts. The authors conclude with an agenda for future research that attends to the need for research that includes: more diverse samples, new types of caregivers, longitudinal data, qualitative data and analysis, and comparative research. (Edited publisher abstract)
The impact of the custodial setting on the mental health of older prisoners: a biopsychosocial perspective
- Author:
- CAIE Jude
- Journal article citation:
- Prison Service Journal, 202, 2012, pp.31-37.
- Publisher:
- Her Majesty's Prison Service of England and Wales
The aim of this paper is to highlight biopsychosocial factors which impact on the mental health of older male prisoners (those aged 50 years and over). It is based on a literature review. It discusses biological factors (physical health and wellbeing in custody and beyond), psychological factors (psychiatric morbidity, suicidality and risk), and social factors (isolation, social exclusion and reduced social capital). The author finds that biological, psychological and social factors are interconnected in the onset or worsening of primary mental health problems among older male prisoners. The article discusses practice, policy and research implications, noting that the elderly are the fastest growing group in the prison population. It suggest that there is a need to examine the effectiveness of biopsychosocial interventions in the care and treatment of mental health problems in the older prison population.