Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Sexual and nonsexual offenders with intellectual and learning disabilities: a comparison of characteristics, referral patterns, and outcome
- Authors:
- LINDSAY William R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(8), August 2004, pp.875-890.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article reports an evaluation of a community intellectual disability offender service over the period from 1990 to 2001. Men who committed sex offenses or sexually abusive incidents (n = 106) and men who committed other types of offenses and serious incidents (n = 78) are compared on personal characteristics, referral sources, forensic details, and outcome up to 7 years after referral. The cohorts are older than one would expect from the criminology literature, and, at about 33%, the incidence of mental illness is consistent with some previous studies. A greater proportion of sex offenders had criminal justice involvement and a formal disposal from court. Fire raising was not overly represented as an offense. There was a higher rate of reoffending in the nonsexual cohort, which persisted up to 7 years. Investigating only reoffenders, there was a considerable amount of harm reduction recorded up to 7 years, statistically significant up to 5 years following initial referral.
Predicting the recidivism of mentally disordered firesetters
- Authors:
- RICE Marnie E., HARRIS Grant T.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 11(3), September 1996, pp.364-375.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The psychiatric literature has asserted that arsonists are a particularly dangerous group of mentally disordered offenders with a high likelihood of setting further fires, yet the scant empirical data do not support that contention. Examines the postrelease firesetting, violent and nonviolent recidivism of male firesetters who had been admitted to a maximum security psychiatric hospital. In general, personal characteristics that predicted firesetting recidivism were quite different from those that predicted nonviolent outcome and very different from those that predicted violent recidivism.
Peer support on the “inside and outside”: building lives and reducing recidivism for people with mental illness returning from jail
- Authors:
- BELLAMY Chyrell, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Mental Health, 18(3), 2019, pp.188-198.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to gain understanding about the effectiveness of a forensic peer support program’s impact on reducing criminal recidivism. People with histories of mental illness returning to the community following incarceration face tremendous challenges in jails and prisons and in successful reentry to community. Transitioning from jails and prisons is fraught with additional challenges such as reconnecting or connecting with mental health and substance abuse treatment, finding adequate housing, finding employment, reuniting with family and friends, etc. Unfortunately, recidivism remains high, principally because of these challenges. Many state and local authorities have supported the development of the forensic peer specialist. Design/methodology/approach: Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were conducted to examine time to re-incarceration. Findings: The population served was determined to be a particularly high risk of re-incarceration population, when released from prison. All had a mental illness diagnosis, with 80 percent diagnosed with at least one serious mental illness, and more than 50 percent had three or more anterior incarcerations. Utilizing Kaplan–Meyer survival analysis, the chance of re-incarceration for participants after one year was of 21.7 percent. Surprisingly, in the first year after release from prison, participants did much better than those in the general US prison population when in terms of re-incarceration rates (21.7 percent vs 43.4 percent). Originality/value: While preliminary findings of this approach, this study reaffirms the idea that forensic peer support programs are beneficial in reducing recidivism rates for people diagnosed with a mental illness coming out of prison, offering individuals supports to maintain their lives in the community. (Edited publisher abstract)
Violent offender treatment in a medium secure unit
- Authors:
- HOWDEN Sharon, MIDGLEYJayde, HARGATE Rebecca
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Practice, 20(2), 2018, pp.102-111.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to conduct a preliminary evaluation of a Violent Offender Treatment Program (VOTP) adapted for use in a medium secure unit (MSU). The patient population is adult male mentally disordered offenders. Design/methodology/approach: Patient outcomes are explored using the Reliable Change Index and Clinical Significance Criterion. Outcomes are assessed using VOTP facilitators violence risk assessment (VRS), multi-disciplinary team violence risk assessment (HCR-20 and GAS-V), and patient self-report using two measures (FAVT and STAXI-2). Findings: There was evidence of improved outcomes for some participants in some areas related to risk of violence. Research limitations/implications: Consideration is given to using varied risk assessments to evaluate outcomes of an adapted VOTP for a MSU. Originality/value: There is limited development and evaluation of psychological treatment programmes that aim to reduce risk of violence for male offenders within MSUs. Outcomes of this evaluation could influence treatment delivery and evaluation in other services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Mentally disordered parricide and strange killers admitted to high-security care 2: course after release
- Authors:
- MCCARTHY Lucy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 12(3), December 2001, pp.501-514.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
When deciding to transfer a patient from a high-security care, the most important determinant will often be the likelihood of further violence. Despite this, there are surprisingly few data to inform the clinician on the risks posed by particular groups. This study compares the outcome of a group of mentally disordered offenders convicted of either parricide or the killing of a stranger after their release from high-security care. All the patients were released still subject to restriction orders under the Mental Health Act 1983. Results found none of the sample committed a further homicide during the follow-up and their history of further violence was also low. These data add further evidence to the widely held view that transfer from high-security care may be unduly restrictive.
Blackpool Fulfilling Lives. Year two evaluation report: value for money analysis
- Author:
- CORDIS BRIGHT
- Publisher:
- Cordis Bright
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 48
- Place of publication:
- London
An evaluation of the second year of the Blackpool Fulfilling Lives (BFL) project, covering the period from 1 October 2015 to 30 September 2016. BFL is a Big Lottery funded project which supports people with complex needs, focusing on experiencing at least two of the following issues: homelessness, reoffending, problematic substance misuse, or mental ill health. The BFL service model includes the role of navigator, which has evolved from someone who would help service users to ‘navigate’ other services, to the point where therapeutic engagement, advice, advocacy and support have become part of the role. This second year evaluation explores why the navigator service model works and what benefits is has for individuals and the wider system. It includes a theory of change model, which explains how the changes BFL aims to help service users make lead to outcomes which results in reductions in the cost of homelessness, crime and poor physical and mental health. The methodology included a desktop review, interviews with service users and staff, and analysis of project data. The results of the evaluation show that the project is having a positive impact for service users; both staff and service users believe that the navigator model works well; and the involvement of people with lived experience as navigators helps people to engage and begin to trust workers. It finds that the BFL service plays a key role in reducing the costs of service use for the most complex people, who would otherwise continue to be heavy users of the criminal justice and health system. It estimates the service has the potential to save around £133,000 per person over a lifetime. (Edited publisher abstract)
A textbook of social work
- Authors:
- SHELDON Brian, MACDONALD Geraldine
- Publisher:
- Routledge
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 429p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This publication is a comprehensive, evidence-based guide to social work practice. It strikes a balance between the need for social workers to understand the social, economic, cultural, psychological and interpersonal factors which give rise to clients' problems, and the need for them to know how best to respond with practical measures. Divided into three accessible parts, the text covers context and theory in the first part and social work skills and methods in the second part. The final part looks at the major specialisms, including, among others, chapters on: children, people with mental health problems; older people; chronic illness and physical disability; learning disability; juvenile and adult offenders; substance misusers.
A descriptive analysis of treatment outcomes for clients with co-occuring disorders: the role of minority identifications
- Authors:
- ELIASON Michele J., AMODIA Diana S.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2(2), 2006, pp.89-109.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Racial/ethnic and gender disparities have been reported for a variety of substance abuse treatment outcomes, such as access to treatment and treatment completion, as well as differential representation in the criminal justice system. However, treatment outcomes have not been thoroughly explored in clients with co-occurring disorders. This descriptive study reports on the results of a retrospective chart review of 129 consecutive admissions to a residential program for substance abusers with co-occurring physical and/or mental health disorders. The purpose of this study is to examine potential influences of race/ethnicity and other individual differences on drug use variables, mental health diagnoses, and treatment outcomes. It is concluded that treatment success appears to be influenced by a variety of factors separate from drug use patterns and mental health diagnoses. Personal identities related to race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual identity appear to interact in unique ways. Treatment programs still seem to be geared toward the heterosexual male client. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Mental illness, substance abuse, demographics and offending: dual diagnosis in the suburbs
- Authors:
- WRIGHT Steve, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 13(1), April 2002, pp.32-52.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
High rates of offending and violence have been found in patients with co-morbid severe mental illness and substance misuse. This study compares offending and violence rates in patients with dual diagnosis (DD) and patients with psychosis only, drawing on a demographically representative population.Forty patients with severe mental disorders were interviewed in a geographically defined catchment area in Croydon, Surrey. DD patients were more likely to report a lifetime history of both offending and violence than patients with psychosis only (although gender may play a greater role than substance misuse). Few instances of recent violence were found, and no between-group differences were detected. The medical case records of DD patients were significantly more likely to contain a lifetime history of non-substance misuse-related offending, but not violence. However, the extent to which substance misuse contributes to violence and offending independently of contextual variables requires further investigation.
The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression: 2. suicidality, criminality and social dysfunction in adulthood
- Authors:
- FOMBONNE Eric, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, September 2001, pp.218-223.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Strong links exist between juvenile and adult depression, but comorbid conduct disorder may be associated with worse adult social difficulties. This article tests the impact of comorbid conduct disorder on social adjustment and dysfunction, suicidality and criminality of adults who had depression as youths. Subjects assessed at the Maudsley Hospital in 1970-1983 and meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder with (CD-MDD) or without (MDD) conduct disorder were interviewed 20 years later. Data were collected on lifetime psychiatric disorders and adult social/personality functioning. Death certificates and criminal records were obtained. Results found that the suicide risk was 2.45 percent and 44.3 percent of the sample had attempted suicide once in their lives. Compared with the MDD group, the CD-MDD group had higher rates of suicidal behaviours and criminal offences, and exhibited more pervasive social dysfunction. Adolescent depression is associated with raised risks of adult suicidality and with persistent interpersonal difficulties. Youths with CD-MDD show more severe and pervasive social dysfunction.