Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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DSM-5 and the general definition of personality disorder
- Author:
- WAKEFIELD Jerome C.
- Journal article citation:
- Clinical Social Work Journal, 41(2), 2013, pp.168-183.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
There is a fundamental change proposed for DSM-5 in the general definition of personality disorder, representing a new conceptualisation that shapes how the DSM distinguishes personality pathology from other undesirable or negative personality features. The change is needed due to serious deficiencies in the current DSM-IV approach. Specifically, personality disorder is to be conceptualised as impairment in both self organisation and interpersonal relating, caused by pathological (extreme) personality traits. This represents progress in that marked impairment in self organisation and interpersonal relating are plausibly characteristic of personality disorder. However, the required level of impairment remains too low, and the kinds of impairment are not restricted to those which indicate disorder versus culturally undesirable features. Moreover, extreme traits are neither necessary nor sufficient for personality disorder because personality represents not the sum of traits but the holistic organisation of traits and other meanings. The DSM-5’s diagnostic focus on traits thus potentially opens the way to massive false positive diagnoses. An earlier proposal to reframe personality disorders using global similarity matching of the patient’s condition to prototypical descriptions of specific personality disorders is argued to also lead toward less valid diagnoses. (Publisher abstract)
The Good Lives Model tool kit for mentally disordered offenders
- Author:
- BARNAO Mary
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Practice, 15(3), 2013, pp.157-170.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The Good Lives Model (GLM) is a new approach to offender rehabilitation that provides an integrative framework for assisting individuals to achieve their goals while reducing their risk for reoffending. Recently it has been proposed that an augmented form of the GLM could provide a comprehensive conceptual, ethical and practice framework for rehabilitation within the specialty of forensic mental health. However, there is a paucity of published literature to guide practitioners on how to integrate the GLM into their practice with mentally disordered offenders. The aim of this article is to present a set of resources (the GLM tool kit) tailored for use with offenders with mental disorder. Design/methodology/approach : Each of the five resources that comprise the tool kit will be described, the theoretical, methodological and practical considerations that influenced their development will be reviewed, and a case example demonstrating their clinical application, presented. Findings: The tool kit can guide forensic mental health practitioners in assessment, case conceptualisation and rehabilitation planning according to the Good Lives Model. It includes some practical resources that practitioners can use to help mentally disordered offenders understand themselves better, including the reasons why they came to offend, and to highlight what they need to change to live better lives. Practical implications – The paper provides clinicians with some structure in applying the Good Lives Model within a forensic mental health team context. Originality/value – Much of the GLM practice literature relates to non-mentally disordered offenders. The paper builds on this literature by presenting a set of tools that have been designed specifically with mentally disordered offenders in mind. (Publisher abstract)
Advances in the conceptualization of personality disorders: issues affecting social work practice and research
- Authors:
- LANIER Paul, BOLLINGER Sarah, KRUEGER Robert F.
- Journal article citation:
- Clinical Social Work Journal, 41(2), 2013, pp.155-162.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
This article provides a review of the research that has informed the proposed changes to the DSM-5 conceptualisation of personality psychopathology with a focus on implications for social work practice and research. A paradigm shift to a dimensional model is likely to replace the current categorical model of personality disorders and will have profound implications for the profession. While establishing a diagnostic system that is grounded in empirical knowledge is the primary benefit, this tool will also be more consistent with social work’s orienting theories and values. Social workers should gain knowledge about the proposed changes and actively participate in the review process. (Publisher abstract)
Developing a social prescribing approach for Bristol
- Author:
- KIMBERLEE Richard H.
- Publisher:
- University of the West of England
- Publication year:
- 2013
- Pagination:
- 46
- Place of publication:
- Bristol
Drawing on a literature review and interviews and focus groups with GPS, practitioners and service users, this report looks at different models of social prescribing, their effectiveness, and assesses cost effectiveness of different models. It outlines three different models of social prescribing to help to describe the types of social prescribing practice provided across the city of Bristol: light, medium and holistic. It briefly outlines local examples of each. All of the Holistic projects identified have emerged from organic partnerships that have independently developed between GPs and their local third sector partners to address perceived well-being needs that they both identify. All GPs interviewed for the project felt that their SP Holistic projects are made a real impact on the patients they refer. Data from one social prescribing holistic project suggests that three months after a beneficiary’s induction on the project beneficiaries show statistically significant improvement in measures for mental health, well-being and social isolation. Analysis of GP contact times also suggest that for 6 in 10 SP Holistic beneficiaries there is a reduction in their GP attendance rates in the 12 months post intervention. The report found it was difficult to make cost comparisons across SP projects, due to differences in the numbers and types of staff recruited, different fixed costs. The report also makes suggestions around future commissioning of social prescribing. (Edited publisher abstract)
Profiles and Service Utilization for children accessing a nental health walk-in clinic versus usual care
- Authors:
- BARWICK Melanie A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 10(4), 2013, pp.338-352.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Many children and adolescents with mental health problems do not receive the treatment they need. Unmet need raises questions about specific barriers that may prevent service use, and/or the characteristics of children and families who are less likely to receive care. Brief interventions or single–session psychotherapy delivered in a highly accessible manner are methods of addressing the problems associated with waitlists and limited access to care. In the current study the authors offer an exploratory evaluation of the West End Walk-In Counseling Centre for children and youth with psychosocial problems. Children 4 to 18 years of age who accessed the Walk-In Counseling Centre and a comparison group of clients who accessed usual care were assessed at intake, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up on demographic characteristics, behavioural/emotional adjustment and functioning, client satisfaction, and service use. Children in the walk-in group had more severe behavioural/emotional adjustment and functioning than usual care clients at baseline. At post-treatment, walk-in clients had lower scores on Total Mental Health Problems and Internalising Behaviours, and exhibited fewer problems across all scales at follow-up. Walk-in clients found the wait time for service more reasonable and at follow-up, felt the service addressed concerns and had higher regard for counsellor availability and cultural sensitivity of the service than usual care clients. Service utilisation, assessed at post–treatment and 3-month follow-up, showed that both groups were more likely to access mental health and education services rather than health or child welfare services, and were more likely to have used services in the 12 months prior to service than the 3 months following service completion. Walk–in clients had steeper rates of improvement compared to usual care clients despite equivalence in psychosocial functioning at baseline. The walk-in model may be an effective alternative to usual care, particularly for those clients only willing to wait up to 2 weeks for service. (Publisher abstract)
Using explanatory models in the care of a person with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- INWANG Francis, HEMMINGS Colin, HVID Cindy
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(3), 2013, pp.152-160.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
A case study exploring the differences between carer and professional perspectives in the assessment and treatment of a young man with intellectual disabilities, autism and mental health problems. The opinions and perspectives of psychiatrists involved in the care and treatment of “S” and “S”'s mother about the aetiology, course, treatment and prognosis of “S”'s condition, are explored using “explanatory models”. The similarities and the differences of opinions and perspectives about the mental health care of a person with intellectual disabilities are highlighted. It shows how the explicit comparison of notions about a person's condition, assessment and treatment may help all involved to work together for the common ground of achieving the best outcomes for service users. (Edited publisher abstract)
Writing for depression in health care
- Author:
- COOPER Pauline
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 76(4), 2013, pp.186-193.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Introduction: The study concentrates on two models of writing used in community facilities and inpatient settings in mental health: a six-session course of Using Writing as Therapy (UWaT) with a therapist, and Creative Writing (CW) with a non-therapist facilitator. UWaT is a structured, new, brief writing therapy; CW is unstructured use of writing as a creative arts activity. Method: This qualitative study utilised a post-positivist, subtle-realist paradigm, using qualitative methodologies (action research and participant observation) by an occupational therapist to understand and clarify how writing, as a form of emotional disclosure, worked with clients with depression, with flawed identity and low self-esteem. Findings: The findings indicated that UWaT clients reported cognitive changes, an increase in self-knowledge through gaining distance from their stories through writing and benefit from using the page to reorganise or play with memories and experiences. CW clients distanced themselves from painful emotions by writing and expressing their feelings but not discussing emotive content. They experienced a less safe environment, deprivation of positive feedback and problems with 'writer' identity. Conclusion: Both writing models have potential benefit for clients with depression and more research is needed to establish fidelity of delivery and results. (Publisher abstract)