Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Inclusion/exclusion criteria in late life depression antidepressant efficacy trials
- Authors:
- ZIMMERMAN Mark, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(9), 2017, pp.1009-1016.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: The generalisability of antidepressant efficacy trials (AETs) has been questioned. No studies have examined the inclusion/exclusion criteria used in placebo-controlled studies of late life depression and compared them to the criteria used in non-late life AETs. Method: The authors conducted a comprehensive literature review of placebo-controlled AETs published from January, 1995 through December, 2014. They compared the inclusion/exclusion criteria used in the 18 studies of late life depression to those used in non-late life depression. Results: There were nine inclusion/exclusion criteria that were used in more than half of the late life depression AETs: minimum severity on a symptom severity scale (100.0%), significant suicidal ideation (77.8%), psychotic features during the current episode of depression or history of a psychotic disorder (94.4%), history of bipolar disorder (77.8%), diagnosis of alcohol or drug abuse or dependence (83.3%), presence of a comorbid nondepressive, nonsubstance use Axis I disorder (55.6%), episode duration too short (66.7%), and an insufficient score on a cognitive screen (88.3%) or the presence of a cognitive disorder (55.6%). There were some differences between the late life and non-late life depression studies—use of a screening measure of cognitive functioning, presence of a cognitive disorder such as dementia, and the minimum depression severity cutoff score required at baseline. Conclusions: The inclusion/exclusion criteria in AETs of late life depression were generally similar to the criteria used in non-late life depression (Edited publisher abstract)
Introduction to the research on: the effectiveness of supported housing and accommodation for people with mental health problems
- Authors:
- HARFLETT Naomi, JENNINGS Yasmin, LINSKY Kate
- Publisher:
- National Development Team for Inclusion
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 17
- Place of publication:
- Bristol
A short scoping review of research into the effectiveness of supported housing and accommodation for people with mental health problems aimed at practitioners who work with people with mental health problems. For the review, searches were carried out on organisational websites and a range of databases, including Social Care Online, for UK based research published from 2000. The document provides an overview of the quantity and quality of the research and a table summarising the 20 studies reviewed with their key findings. It also provides a summary of areas identified for future research. The review finds that various models of community-based supported housing have been associated with a range of positive outcomes for people with mental health problems. These include: improved quality of life, more extensive social networks, social inclusion, reduced negative symptoms, increased participation in work and education, increased autonomy, improved self-esteem and happiness, reduced challenging behaviour, increased confidence, and relapse prevention. However, there is less known about the factors which lead to these outcomes and the characteristics that make the most effective types of support. (Edited publisher abstract)
Side by Side evaluation: economic analysis
- Authors:
- MCDAID David, PARK A-La
- Publisher:
- London School of Economics and Political Science. Personal Social Services Research Unit
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 47
- Place of publication:
- London
This report presents findings of the economic analysis of an evaluation of the Side by Side peer support programme, which aimed to increase the availability of peer support for people experiencing mental health problems. The report also summarises key conclusions from a literature review on the cost effectiveness of peer support and explores some of the uncertainties around both the effectiveness and costs of peer support by looking at specific scenarios using a decision modelling approach. Key findings from the literature review confirm that there is little information on the cost effectiveness of peer support in the published literature, most of which is not from a UK context. Analysis of experience in Side by Side suggests that it may have a favourable impact on future costs, with improvements in mean quality life scores compared to baseline. The results of the analysis suggest that peer support can be cost effective and in some cases potentially cost saving, depending on the costs of delivering peer support. Finally, it highlights the importance of capturing the full value of the time and resources volunteered in peer support and not just paid inputs. Potentially, the reciprocal contributions of all involved in peer support will also create valuable additional components of any local mental health system. (Edited publisher abstract)
What staffing structures of mental health services are associated with improved patient outcomes? A rapid review
- Authors:
- LAWES Anna, MARCUS Elena, PILLING Steve
- Publisher:
- NHS Improvement
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 22
- Place of publication:
- London
This rapid review is a summary of the best available evidence on safe staffing structures of mental health teams to inform the development of specific sustainable safe staffing guidance for the National Safe Sustainable Staffing Guidance Programme Board. The starting point for the review was evidence from mental health settings. It included studies from inpatient and community mental health settings in the following domains: adult mental health; child and adolescent; mental health; forensic mental health; learning disabilities and neurodevelopmental disorders; and older people’s mental health and dementia. The findings cover these four broad areas: staff numbers and skills; staff productivity; staff wellbeing and support; unit culture/organisation and leadership. The review found there were considerable limitations in the available data. The reviews identified were sparse and predominantly of low quality. There was limited evidence for child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS), forensic services and community mental health teams. (Edited publisher abstract)
Disability hate crime reporting
- Author:
- SMITH Lauren
- Publisher:
- IRISS
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 19
- Place of publication:
- Glasgow
This literature review covers types of interventions that have been effective in increasing reporting of hate crimes motivated by perceptions of learning disabilities and mental health problems. It also looks at interventions that have been effective in supporting people through the process of reporting disability hate crimes and areas of potential areas of unmet need. It draws on academic literature, online resources and knowledge from key organisations, providing links to examples of good practice. The review identified a shortage of evidence around the efficacy of interventions designed with the explicit aim of increasing disability hate crime reporting. However, reports from several projects indicate several promising areas, which include: awareness raising; befriending links; third party reporting centres; safe places initiatives, support for reporting and disabled people's user-led organisations. The review also identifies gaps in the evidence to suggest potential areas for future interventions and research. (Edited publisher abstract)
From famine to feast as dual diagnosis features in new UK government policy and strategy
- Author:
- HAMILTON Ian
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 10(3), 2017, pp.120-122.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to outline the latest policy announcements by the UK Government and how they relate to people who have co-occurring mental health and substance use problems. Design/methodology/approach: A rapid review was undertaken of policy, strategy and guidance. Findings: All three publications are united by their ambition to improve the care and treatment for people who have developed problems with substances and their mental health. The challenge will be to realise these ambitions in an environment where financial and human resources are contracting. Originality/value: It is important for clinicians, commissioners of treatment and researchers to be kept informed of policy development and how these initiatives will affect people with mental health and substance use problems. (Publisher abstract)
A meta-analysis of the association between mental disorders and juvenile recidivism
- Authors:
- WIBBELINK Carlijn J.M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 2017, pp.78-90.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
To investigate the association between mental disorders and recidivism in juveniles, a three-level meta-analysis of 20 manuscripts (17 independent studies, N = 5737 juveniles) was conducted. The study focused on internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, and comorbid disorders (combinations of an internalizing and externalizing disorder). Small to moderate mean effect sizes were found for externalizing disorders and comorbid disorders, and no relation was found between internalizing disorders and recidivism. For comorbid disorders, no significant variation was found between studies and between effect sizes within studies. Therefore, moderator analyses were only conducted for studies on internalizing and externalizing disorders. These analyses revealed that type of recidivism (e.g., rearrest, reincarceration), type of delinquency (e.g., overt and covert delinquency), and gender influenced the direction and magnitude of the associations between recidivism and internalizing and externalizing disorders. (Edited publisher abstract)
The epidemiology of PTSD and depression in refugee minors who have resettled in developed countries
- Authors:
- REAVELL James, FAZIL Qulsom
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 26(1), 2017, pp.74-83.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: With an increasing number of refugees migrating across continents, the crisis is very apparent. Aim: A literature review of patterns, risk factors and effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in refugee minors was carried out involving those who have resettled in different developed countries. Methods: Papers were narrowed down by reading the abstracts and methods to ascertain whether the refugee children had resettled in developed countries and to ensure that they had not just been internally displaced. Results: High incidences of PTSD and depression were found in refugee minors and poorer mental health was correlated with increased exposure to violence. Factors such as social support and family security were important in reducing the rates of PTSD and depression, whereas the implications of age and gender were unclear. Long-term effects from these mental illnesses indicated scholastic issues, but no further worsening of symptoms. Conclusions: Further research is needed regarding the follow-up of refugee minors with PTSD and depression to allow the establishment of more effective support systems, as long-term outcomes become more clearly understood. Few papers discuss the influence of religion, which may be an interesting line of future research as refugees move to more secular societies. (Publisher abstract)
Social worker contribution to the multidisciplinary team in preventative approaches for children and young people at risk of mental health issues: evidence from improvement knowledge
- Author:
- INGLIS Shelia
- Editor:
- MUIRHEAD Stuart
- Publisher:
- IRISS
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 14
- Place of publication:
- Glasgow
This report aims to explore what works to support the multi-disciplinary team to develop preventative approaches for children and young people at risk of mental health issues. It aims to capture real-life examples of improvement, recommendations for service improvement, evaluation reports, practice development, piloting and scoping initiatives. It highlights key findings from six identified reports. It is one of three linked evidence summaries from the NHS Education for Scotland Networked Evidence Search and Summary Service, which combine evidence from research, practice and improvement to inform an action plan for East Dunbartonshire. (Edited publisher abstract)
Social worker contribution to the multidisciplinary team in preventative approaches for children and young people at risk of mental health issues: evidence from published research
- Author:
- McAUGHTRIE Alison
- Editor:
- MUIRHEAD Stuart
- Publisher:
- IRISS
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 18
- Place of publication:
- Glasgow
This summary identifies evidence on the effectiveness of preventative therapeutic approaches to prevent children progressing to more severe mental health problems which need more intensive healthcare interventions. It also looked at the implementation of approaches, factors for success; and social services staff involvement in implementing these approaches. The review found little evidence which looked specifically at the role of social services in prevention and early intervention. Suggested reasons are that: social services tend only to get involved when a more serious level has been reached; resistance to getting involved in what is perceived as a ‘health issue’; lack of training; and difficulties of assessing specific impact. However, some examples where social services staff have worked to try and prevent serious mental health issues developing were identified. The review also found there was a lack of solid longitudinal analysis and identifies that more research is needed to assert that prevention and early intervention strategies are effective. It is one of three linked evidence summaries from the NHS Education for Scotland Networked Evidence Search and Summary Service, which combine evidence from research, practice and improvement to inform an action plan for East Dunbartonshire. (Edited publisher abstract)