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Effect of type and severity of intimate partner violence on women’s health and service use: findings from a primary care trial of women afraid of their partners
- Authors:
- HEGARTY Kelsey L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28(2), 2013, pp.273-294.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has major affects on women’s wellbeing. This study investigated the socio-demographic characteristics, experiences of abuse, health, safety, and use of services in women enrolled in the Women’s Evaluation of Abuse and Violence Care (WEAVE) project. It explored associations between type and severity of abuse and women’s health, quality of life, and help seeking. Participants included woman aged 16 to years attending 52 Australian general practices. One third experienced Severe Combined Abuse, 26.2% Physical and Emotional Abuse, 26.6% Emotional Abuse and/or Harassment only, 2.7% Physical Abuse only and 12.4% scored negative on the Composite Abuse Scale. A total of 31.6% of participants reported poor or fair health and 67.9% poor social support. Compared to other abuse groups, women with Severe Combined Abuse had poor quality of life and mental health, despite using more medications. Those women experiencing severe combined physical, emotional, and sexual abuse have poorer quality of life and mental health than women experiencing other abuse types. The authors concluded that practitioners should take a history of type and severity of abuse for women with mental health issues to assist access to appropriate support.
Making the connection
- Author:
- BROWN Samantha
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, May 2011, pp.16-17.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Many women in touch with mental health services have experienced domestic abuse. This article looks at the benefits of a multi-agency approach. It reports on the case of one women whose case went to a multi-agency risk assessment conferences (MARAC). MARACs enable professionals from a range of different agencies to share information on high risk domestic abuse cases. A safety plan can then be developed which is co-ordinated by the independent domestic violence adviser.
Strengthening families, protecting children: family safeguarding pilot evaluation report Cambridgeshire
- Authors:
- COLLYER Hannah, et al
- Publisher:
- What Works for Children's Social Care
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 74
- Place of publication:
- London
This report presents findings from a pilot evaluation of the Family Safeguarding Model in Cambridgeshire. This was commissioned by the Department for Education as part of the Strengthening Families, Protecting Children (SFPC) programme. Family Safeguarding is a whole system approach to children’s safeguarding. This involves establishing multi-disciplinary children’s safeguarding teams where specialist adult practitioners in domestic abuse, mental health and substance misuse are co-located with social workers. Staff use motivational interviewing, and a structured assessment and intervention programme with families. The evaluation found that many elements of the model were implemented as planned, even in the context of a global pandemic. There were challenges recruiting mental health practitioner roles in particular, and staff reported varying confidence in case recording within the workbook. Staff were mostly positive and welcomed the Family Safeguarding model. Motivational Interviewing training in particular was well received. Families also provided positive feedback about adult practitioners. Staff felt they had a good understanding of the model. However, over half of staff felt they would benefit from more training and support. Staff felt that Family Safeguarding increased shared responsibility and input from a range of professionals, that families received more immediate and intensive support and were empowered to make and sustain change. Potential benefits of Family Safeguarding reported by staff and families included improved engagement of families, improved outcomes particularly for parents, as well as de-escalation of statutory involvement and greater momentum, i.e. less drift and delay in cases. (Edited publisher abstract)
Not just collateral damage: the hidden impact of domestic abuse on children
- Author:
- JAMES Emma
- Publisher:
- Barnardo's
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 28
- Place of publication:
- Essex
This report looks at how being exposed to domestic violence can affect children and young people. It draws on the findings of research, the experiences of children supported at Barnardo's and the staff who work directly with them. Individual case studies also highlight the experiences of young people. The report identifies negative impacts in the areas of: mental health, child development, harmful sexual behaviour, future cycles of abuse and increased risk of youth offending. It finds that children who have experienced domestic abuse: can express the trauma they have suffered by being violent to the abused parent, boyfriend or girlfriend; are more likely to suffer from mental health issues than their peers; and are also likely to have poor self-esteem, low confidence and blaming themselves for what has happened. The report also suggests there is growing evidence of a link between children experiencing domestic abuse and then going on to become a young offender. The makes recommendations for three amendments to the Domestic Abuse Bill to address the impact of domestic abuse on children. (Edited publisher abstract)
Working with families where there is domestic violence, parent substance misuse and/or parent mental health problems. A rapid research review
- Author:
- OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY. Institute of Public Care
- Publisher:
- Oxford Brookes University. Institute of Public Care
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 18
- Place of publication:
- Bath
This review provides a summary of the reported prevalence of parent mental illness, parent substance misuse and domestic violence in different cohorts (i.e. the overall population; families subject to child protection procedures or care proceedings; and serious case reviews). It sets out the context for thinking about changes in social work and whole system practice with reference to these ‘toxic trio’ and ‘toxic duo’ families commonly presenting to children’s social care services and outlines the findings from research to date about the impact of and ‘what works’ in relation to each of these elements in isolation as well as collectively. (Edited publisher abstract)
Strengthening positive parenting through intervention evaluating the moms’ empowerment program for women experiencing intimate partner violence
- Authors:
- HOWELL Kathryn H., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(2), 2014, pp.232-252.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study examined the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention in changing the positive and negative parenting practices of 120 mothers who experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) in the last 2 years. Mothers assigned to the treatment group participated in a 10-session evidence-based intervention, known as the Moms' Empowerment Program, which targets the mental health problems of women and works to increase access to resources and improve parenting abilities of women exposed to IPV. Participants were interviewed at baseline and immediately following the intervention or waitlist period, representing an elapsed time of approximately 5 weeks. After controlling for relevant demographic variables, violence severity, and mental health, women showed significantly more change in their positive parenting scores if they were in the treatment condition. No significant differences were found between the treatment and comparison groups in their negative parenting practices change scores. These findings suggest that even short-term intervention can improve positive parenting skills and parenting knowledge for women who have experienced partner abuse. (Publisher abstract)
Addressing PTSD in low-income victims of intimate partner violence: moving toward a comprehensive intervention
- Author:
- SCHMIDT Ioana Dana
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work: A journal of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), 59(3), 2014, pp.253-260.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Research indicates that female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) are at risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other negative mental health outcomes. Low-income women of colour experience IPV at disproportionately high rates and may need a comprehensive array of resources to recover from victimisation. Although cognitive–behavioural therapy, a psychotherapeutic approach, has been established as the most effective treatment for PTSD in some populations, psychotherapy may not be sufficient for this population of survivors. This article reviews the relevant research and literature on treatment approaches for victims of IPV and provides an overview of studies investigating more holistic intervention approaches that feature components such as social support groups and advocacy, in addition to psychotherapy. Relying on conservation of resources theory, which posits a relationship between resources and psychological stress, and a relationship-oriented ecological framework, this article presents a model of a comprehensive intervention for disadvantaged minority victims of IPV that can help address issues related to PTSD and empower survivors to access necessary resources. (Edited publisher abstract)
Mediators and moderators of change in adjustment following intervention for children exposed to intimate partner violence
- Authors:
- GRAHAM-BERMANN Sandra A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(9), June 2011, pp.1815-1833.
- Publisher:
- Sage
An intervention programme for children aged 6 to 12 exposed to interpersonal violence (IPV) had previously been found to be successful in reducing their internalising and externalising behaviour problems. The intervention comprised 2 components: the Kids’ Club and the mother’s Parenting Empowerment Program. This study sought to evaluate the factors that may contribute to the efficacy of this intervention. Both fixed and modifiable risk factors that predicted change in children’s adjustment after the intervention were identified and tested. The study sample comprised 180 children, 120 who had participated in the intervention programme and a comparison group of 60. All mothers and children were interviewed before the intervention and after the 10-week programme. The results found a significant relationship between the extent of exposure to IPV, gender, change in mothers’ mental health, and change in child adjustment. Among fixed factors, length of exposure to violence was found to moderate the relationship between the amount of the child’s and mother’s participation in the intervention and change in child adjustment, specifically internalising behavioural problems. Among the modifiable risk factors, change in mother’s mental health, specifically symptoms of posttraumatic stress, was found to mediate the relationship between the amount of intervention participation and change in child adjustment. These findings can be used to inform and enhance evidence-based clinical services for children exposed to IPV.
Think family pathfinders: research update
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department for Children, Schools and Families
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department for Children, Schools and Families
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 19p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report is the first in a series of updates from the Think Family Pathfinders Evaluation. This update provides: background information on Family Pathfinders’ Programme; an overview of families the Pathfinders are working with, their needs and levels of risk; the models of delivery that have been adopted and common approaches to delivery; examples of the new ways of working with families at risk of poor outcomes; emerging evidence of impact. Children experiencing very poor outcomes often come from families who face multiple and complex problems, such as poverty, domestic abuse, poor mental health or substance misuse. Co-ordinated, multiagency interventions can be a cost-effective way of improving outcomes for both the children and adults within these families, whilst reducing the burdens they may place on a number of local services and, potentially, the care system. The emerging findings of this programme provide practical examples of how local authorities from across the country are restructuring service provision and developing new working practices in response to the challenges of improving outcomes for these families.
Factors that predict attrition from a state-sponsored rural batterer treatment program
- Authors:
- TOLLEFSON Derrik R., GROSS Emma, LUNDAHL Brad
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 17(4), 2008, pp.453-477.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Bivariate analyses identified ten factors contributing to drop-out among the 197 participants in a state-sponsored rural domestic violence treatment programme. Logistic regression further identified three of these (employment status, psychiatric disorder type. probation status) as significant predictors of drop-out. The three-factor model predicted 78% of all outcomes, 43% of drop-outs and 92% of completers. The findings suggest that it is the characteristics of batterers, rather than systematic and programmatic factors, that are responsible for drop-out.