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A mix-method approach to the cultural understanding of distress and the non-use of mental health services
- Authors:
- GROLEAU Danielle, PLUYE Pierre, NADEAU Lucie
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 16(6), December 2007, pp.731-741.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
The rationale for conducting mixed-method studies is usually based on the desire to combine the complementary strengths of qualitative and quantitative research. Typically, the former provides in-depth descriptions offering strong internal validity while the latter provides strong external validity. The exclusive use of quantitative methods in mental health research presents certain limitations which lie in the subjective nature of mental health problems and related behaviours, and the fact that these are mediated by cultural context. This paper illustrates, along with the Pathway and Barriers to Mental Health project, the usefulness of using a mixed-method design to study mental health problems and related behaviours in a culturally diverse community. The results show how the various quantitative and qualitative stages of the project were implemented in a Sequential Transformative Design that allows for a better identification and understanding of community mental health problems. This type of mixed design contributed to the development and evaluation of a regional cultural consultation service in mental health. A mixed-methods approach does not simply make positivist science stronger; rather, it contributes to do better research and tailored intervention.
ADHD in adults: what the science says
- Authors:
- BARKLEY Russell A., MURPHY Kevin R., FISCHER Mariellen
- Publisher:
- Guilford Press
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 500p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- New York
Providing a new perspective on ADHD in adults, this book analyzes findings from two major studies directed by Russell A. Barkley. Information is presented on the significant impairments produced by the disorder across major functional domains and life activities, including educational outcomes, work, relationships, health behaviours, and mental health. Thoughtfully considering the treatment implications of these findings, the book also demonstrates that existing diagnostic criteria do not accurately reflect the way ADHD is experienced by adults, and points the way toward developing better criteria that centre on executive function deficits. Accessible tables, figures, and sidebars encapsulate the study results and offer detailed descriptions of the methods used.
Health concordance within couples: a systematic review
- Authors:
- MEYLER Deanna, STIMPSON Jim P., PEEK M. Kristen
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 64(11), June 2007, pp.2297-2310.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Research has consistently linked marriage and positive health outcomes. In addition, many researchers have found that couples often have similar or concordant health statuses. However, concordance research has been conducted in many fields for decades without a concise review of the literature, nor has one theory of health concordance been established. A systematic review was performed implementing rigorous identification strategies, and 103 health concordance research articles were identified and reviewed to understand what research has been conducted in mental health, physical health, and health behaviour concordance among couples. The research overwhelmingly suggests evidence for concordant mental and physical health, as well as health behaviours among couples. Each area of health concordance research offers room for greater research and deeper understanding for the causes of health concordance.
Understanding the interface of HIV, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use and its implications for health outcomes
- Authors:
- BRIEF D. J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 16(Supplement 1), January 2004, pp.S97-S120.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Many individuals living with HIV have been exposed to some type of traumatic event during their lives and may be living with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A substantial number of these individuals are also likely to show evidence of a co-morbid substance use disorder (SUD). There is reason to believe that the co-occurrence of HIV and PTSD or co-morbid PTSD and SUD (PTSD/SUD) may predict poorer health outcomes. There are several pathways through which PTSD or PTSD/SUD might adversely impact the health of individuals living with HIV, including participation in negative health behaviours, low levels of adherence to antiretroviral medications, and/or a direct, deleterious effect on immune function. Psychological interventions are needed to treat PTSD and PTSD/SUD in HIV-positive individuals, and reduce the negative impact of these conditions on health outcomes. This article will explore data on the prevalence of trauma exposure, PTSD, and PTSD/SUD among individuals living with HIV, the pathways through which these conditions might affect health, possible interventions for PTSD and PTSD/SUD for individuals living with HIV, and methods for integrating care for individuals with these disorders. Future directions for research related to HIV, PTSD, and PTSD/SUD are also be discussed.