Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 8 of 8
The unique relation of childhood emotional maltreatment with mental health problems among detained male and female adolescents
- Authors:
- VAHL Pauline, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 62, 2016, pp.142-150.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Mounting evidence indicates that emotional maltreatment is at least as harmful as physical and sexual abuse. Notwithstanding their high occurrence among detained adolescents, the link between emotional maltreatment and mental health problems in these youths is not well researched. This study, therefore, was designed to examine the unique link between emotional maltreatment and mental health problems, with particular attention to gender differences. Well validated self-report measures of maltreatment experiences (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) and mental health problems (Youth Self Report) were completed by 341 detained adolescents (156 boys, 185 girls) aged 12 to 18 years. As expected, girls reported higher levels of maltreatment experiences and internalizing and externalizing mental health problems than boys. Blockwise multiple linear regression analyses indicated that in both genders emotional abuse was uniquely and positively associated with internalizing and externalizing mental health problems, over and above the influence of other types of maltreatment. Furthermore, sexual abuse was uniquely related with internalizing problems in girls only, whereas only in boys this type of abuse was uniquely related with externalizing problems. Detained adolescents who have been the victim of emotional abuse in combination with another type of maltreatment may be the worst subgroup in terms of mental health problems. Therefore, emotional maltreatment experiences in adolescents who offend should receive more research and clinical attention. (Publisher abstract)
Gender differences in behavioral outcomes among children at risk of neglect: findings from a family-focused prevention intervention
- Authors:
- LINDSEY Michael A., HAYWARD R. Anna, DePANFILIS Diane
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 20(6), November 2010, pp.572-581.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study investigated the influence of the Family Connections (FC) intervention on preventing behavioural problems among urban children at risk of neglect. It was mostly composed of African American children. Secondary data analyses using mixed model analyses of variance with repeated measures were used to examine gender differences in child behaviour outcomes among 111 participating families during intake, closing, and 6 months after intervention participation. Findings showed that from intake to closing, boys appeared to experience a larger decrease in internalising and externalising behaviours than girls. At 6-month follow-up, boys’ behaviours remained stable relative to results at closing. Girls showed a slight decrease in behaviours over the same period. Findings also revealed a greater decrease in problem behaviours for participants in the 9-month versus 3-month version of FC. The authors concluded that positive effects of the FC intervention for African American children suggest the potential of this prevention intervention to prevent negative behaviour trajectories.
New York State residential treatment center admissions: differences in histories of maltreatment, behavioral problems, and mental health problems
- Authors:
- BAKER Amy J.L., PURCELL James F.
- Journal article citation:
- Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 22(3), 2005, pp.39-53.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study explored how the histories of young people entering residential treatment in New York State varied depending upon the age and gender of the residents. Specifically, the study asked whether children who were admitted to residential treatment centers (RTCs) under 12 years of age had a different set of characteristics than young persons who were 12 years and older when admitted (and whether boys had different characteristics than girls). Three sets of characteristics were examined: history of maltreatment, history of behavioural problems, and history of mental health problems. One-fourth of the admissions in FY 2001 was randomly selected from a sample of 16 RTCs. A review of agency records provided the information to complete the standardized data collection instrument. The results revealed statistically significant patterns of associations by age and gender. As populations shift within agencies and across time, knowledge of the characteristics associated with various age and gender groups can be used to facilitate agency planning and training of staff members. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Gender differences in the effects of childhood maltreatment on adult depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- GALLO Erika Alejandra Giraldo, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 79, 2018, pp.107-114.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Child maltreatment has well-documented long-term, adverse effects on mental health, but it is not clear whether there are gender differences in these effects. We conducted a systematic review to investigate whether there are gender differences in the effects of maltreatment on adult depression and anxiety. Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Lilacs were searched for relevant studies published up to May 2016. Eligible studies included population-based studies (with a cohort, case-control or cross-sectional design) which assessed maltreatment during childhood or adolescence (≤18 years) and its association with major depression or generalized anxiety disorder (DSM/ICD diagnostic criteria) in adulthood (>18 years) separately for females and males. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between each exposure and outcome using fixed and random effects models. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were estimated separately for women and men and compared. Five studies of physical and sexual abuse were included in the meta-analyses. These provided twenty-two effects sizes estimates (11 for men, 11 for women) for associations between physical/sexual abuse and depression/anxiety. Exposure to each kind of abuse increased the odds of depression/anxiety. Associations were larger for women than for men, however, these gender differences were not statistically significant. Physical and sexual abuse in childhood/adolescence are risk factors for depression/anxiety in adulthood and the effect could be larger for women; however, currently there is insufficient evidence to definitively identify gender differences in the effects of maltreatment. (Edited publisher abstract)
Overweight and obesity among maltreated young adolescents
- Authors:
- SCHNEIDERMAN Janet U., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 36(4), 2012, pp.370-378.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Previous research has found that adult obesity is linked to self-reported childhood maltreatment. The aim of this study was to understand more about the weight problems of a sample of mainly minority urban youth identified by child welfare as maltreated. Specifically the study aimed to: identify and compare rates of overweight and obesity in maltreated versus comparison young adolescents; determine whether demographic/psychological characteristics are related to high body mass index (BMI); and to determine whether type of maltreatment is related to high BMI. A sample of 303 maltreated young adolescents aged 9-12 years was compared to a comparison sample of 151 adolescents from the same neighbourhood. The total sample comprised 77% Black or Hispanic and 23% White or biracial with 53% males and 47% females. The findings showed that the maltreated young adolescents were similar to comparison adolescents in obesity prevalence (27.1% and 34.4%, respectively), although comparison young adolescents were 1.7 times more likely to have overweight/obesity than the maltreated young adolescents. No demographic variables predicted high BMI. For the comparison young adolescents, depression slightly increased the odds of overweight/obesity. Being neglected reduced the odds of being in the overweight/obesity and obesity group when combining genders. For females, but not males, sexual and physical abuse slightly reduced the odds of obesity.
Why do some maltreated youth become juvenile offenders? A call for further investigation and adaptation of youth services
- Author:
- BENDER Kimberley
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 32(3), March 2010, pp.466-473.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Experiencing maltreatment is an established risk factor for delinquency. The pattern whereby victimised children commit subsequent violence or delinquent behaviour has been termed the Cycle of Violence, but little is known about how this cycle is perpetuated. Development of services that effectively prevent maltreated youth from becoming delinquent is contingent upon a more comprehensive model explicating the experiences youth face on their paths from maltreatment to delinquency. This paper utilises the latest empirical evidence to propose a diagram detailing pathways from maltreatment to delinquency through potential intervening risk factors, including substance abuse, mental health problems, school difficulties, negative peer networks, and running away from home. Hypothesised gender differences in pathways from maltreatment to delinquency are delineated. Implications for adaptation of child welfare and juvenile justice services to address the link between maltreatment and delinquency are discussed. The paper calls for testing and refining of the proposed pathways from maltreatment to delinquency in order to advance understanding of these complex relationships.
Childhood environment of adult psychiatric outpatients in Norway having been bullied in school
- Authors:
- FOSSE Gunilla Klensmenden Fosse, HOLEN Are
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 26(2), 2002, pp.129-137.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This study contrasts the childhood environment of adult psychiatric outpatients reporting to have been bullied at school with those who were not. 166 outpatients from a psychiatric clinic in Norway completed self-administered questionnaires about their psychosocial environment during childhood and adolescence. Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were used as assessment tools. Results found that men who were bullied in childhood tended to grow up without biological fathers. Women who were bullied scored lower on Father Care on the PBI and significantly higher on Emotional Neglect, Emotional and Physical Abuse and Physical Neglect on CTQ that those who were not.
Child homicide psychiatric disorder and dangerousness: a review and an empirical approach
- Authors:
- STROUD Julia, PRITCHARD Colin
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 31(2), April 2001, pp.249-269.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Recently there has been increased professional recognition of the association between adult psychiatric disorder and childcare, although the association with child homicide continues to be overlooked. By reviewing the psychiatric child homicide studies and analysing of a decade of child murder in two English counties, the authors propose how dangerousness, psychiatric disorder and child homicide may be conceptualised. Whilst the vast majority of psychiatrically disturbed people pose no threat to their children, the psychiatrically disordered are over-represented in unselected child homicide case samples, women account for almost half the assailants and assaults are predominately an intra-familial phenomenon. Extra-familial assaults are associated with a sexual motive.