Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 9 of 9
Mental disorders among the community-dwelling elderly in Dublin
- Authors:
- KIRBY M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 171, October 1997, pp.369-372.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Reports on a study to determine the prevalence of mental disorders among the community-dwelling elderly in the catchment area of a psychiatry service for the elderly in Dublin. Concludes that depression is the most common mental disorder among the elderly in Dublin. Found that the frequency of anxiety symptoms in the presentation of depression may be a factor in the under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis of depression in the community-dwelling elderly.
Mental disorders and suicide in Northern Ireland
- Authors:
- FOSTER Tom, GILLESPIE Kate, McCLELLAND Roy
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, May 1997, pp.447-452.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of DSM-III-R axis I (clinical syndrome) and axis II (personality) disorders among suicides (14 years and older) in Northern Ireland during a one-year period. Concludes that notwithstanding the aetiological complexity of suicide, the prevention, recognition and treatment of mental disorder will continue to play key roles in suicide prevention.
Is the earlier age at onset of schizophrenia in males a confounded finding?
- Authors:
- JABLENSKY Assen, COLE Steven W.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, March 1997, pp.234-240.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The finding of an earlier age at onset of schizophrenia in males compared with females, replicated across a number of studies, appears to be so robust as to support hypotheses about gender differences in the aetiology of the disorder. Explores the possibility that this observed gender effect might reflect other confounding variables. Concludes that the gender difference in the age at onset of schizophrenia is not a robust biological characteristic of the disorder. Failure to control for marital status and pre-morbid personality in male/female comparisons of age at onset may explain a large part of the differences reported previously.
Subjective ratings of emotional health as risk factor for major depression in a community sample
- Authors:
- HOFF Raini A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, February 1997, pp.167-172.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Although subjective ratings of health have been shown to be accurate predictors of physical health outcomes, there is little research on the association between subjective emotional health (SEH) and psychiatric outcomes. This article utilises data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study to explore the relationship between baseline SEH and the risk for major depression in the next year. Found that the age- and gender-adjusted relationship between SEH and depression is quite significant, and remains so after adjusting for other factors associated with major depression. The more positive the SEH rating, the lower the risk of an episode of depression in the next year. Explores some possible explanation for this association including possible confounders that were not accounted for and the possibility that SEH ratings pose an independent risk for major depression.
Mental health in primary care. An epidemiological study of morbidity and use of health resources
- Authors:
- VAZQUEZ-BARQUERO Jose, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, June 1997, pp.529-535.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Discusses the results of a survey to analyse the sociological, clinical and illness-related correlates of mental illness in primary care. The survey looks at the GP's abilities to identify and handle their patient's mental illness; investigates patients outcome and how it is conditioned by the presence of mental illness and related factors; and explores the way in which the identification of mental illness by the GP conditions the use of the patient's outcome and use of health resources. Concludes that in primary care, mental illness constitutes a mental health problem. Despite this fact, GP's do not recognise a substantial proportion of these health problems.
The price of poverty
- Author:
- BUCK Mary
- Journal article citation:
- Critical Social Policy, 17(1), February 1997, pp.79-97.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Examines definitions of mental ill health and how the genders are said to suffer from this both disproportionately and differentially. It analyses the literature for the manner in which poverty has been experienced by both women and men and concludes that 'experience of poverty' studies appear to focus mainly on women while 'experience of unemployment' studies primarily seem to address men, though with some notable exceptions. Concludes that the way in which poverty may be experienced and interpreted into different categories of mental ill health by each gender is an extremely complex issue and may be yet under-researched. It calls for further studies enabling the comparison between women's and men's interpretations of poverty to be examined in both 'experience of poverty' and 'experience of unemployment' projects.
Psychiatric disorders among the homeless: a comparison of older and younger groups
- Authors:
- DeMALLIE Diane A., NORTH Carol S., SMITH Elizabeth M.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 37(1), February 1997, pp.61-66.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Looks at the differences between older and younger homeless subgroups by interviewing homeless people in the USA using the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Results showed that 13 percent of the 600 men and 3 percent of the 300 women were in the older group. Compared with their younger counterparts, older subjects were more likely to be male and white, to report lower incomes and poorer health, and to meet criteria for lifetime alcohol-use disorder. Fewer older than younger subjects met criteria for lifetime drug use disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. These findings suggest that older and younger people individuals have different vulnerabilities to homelessness.
Trends in deliberate self-harm in Oxford, 1985-1995: implications for clinical services and the prevention of suicide
- Authors:
- HAWTON Keith, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 171, 1997, pp.556-560.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Deliberate self-harm (DSH) has been a major health problem in the UK for nearly three decades. Any changes in rates of DSH or the demographic characteristics of the patient population are likely to have important implications for clinical services and suicide prevention. This article examines data collected by the Oxford Monitoring System for Attempted Suicide and reviews trends in DSH between 1985 and 1995. Highlights the implications for general hospital DSH and medical services.
Mad or bad: child-killers, gender and the courts
- Author:
- WILCZYNSKI Ania
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Criminology, 37(3), Summer 1997, pp.419-436.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Reports some of the findings of a research project on child-killing by parents or parent-substitutes, drawing on a sample of case files from the Director of Public Prosecutions in London from 1984, and a sample of fatal and non-fatal cases reported in the Criminal Appeal Reports and Criminal Appeal Reports (Sentencing) between 1980-90. It was found that the criminal justice system responds very differently to men and women who kill their children at all stages of the legal process, in accordance with the view that 'men are bad and normal, women are mad and abnormal. The paper concludes by suggesting ways to remedy this, drawing on more general criminological debates about sex and sentencing.