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The evolution of systems of care for children's mental health: forty years of community child and adolescent psychiatry
- Authors:
- PUMAARIEGA Andres J., WINTERS Nancy C., HUFFINE Charles
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 39(5), October 2003, pp.399-425.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Over the past 20 years, child and adolescent community mental health has evolved conceptually, clinically, and scientifically towards the community-based systems of care model. This model asserts important values and principles, including the centrality of the child and family in the care process, the integration of the efforts of disparate agencies and interveners into a contextual approach, and the importance of serving children with serious disturbances in their homes and communities. The article reviews the evolution of the community-based systems of care model, its evidence-base, its application in practice, and the challenges it faces in today's human services environment
Evidence based mental health policy: a critical appraisal
- Author:
- COOPER Brian
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 183(8), August 2003, pp.105-113.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Arguments for and against evidence-based psychiatry have mostly centred on its value for clinical practice and teaching. Now, however, use of the same paradigm in evaluating health care has generated new problems. The aim of this article is to outline the development of evidence-based health care; to summarise the main critiques of this approach; to review the evidence now being employed to evaluate mental health care; and to consider how the evidence base might be improved. The following sources were monitored: publications on evidence-based psychiatry and health care since 1990; reports of randomised trials and meta-analytic reviews to the end of 2002; and official British publications on mental health policy. Although evidence-based health care is now being promulgated as a rational basis for mental health planning in Britain, its contributions to service evaluation have been distinctly modest. Only 10% of clinical trials and meta-analyses have been focused on effectiveness of services, and many reviews proved inconclusive. The current evidence-based approach is overly reliant on meta-analytic reviews, and is more applicable to specific treatments than to the care agencies that control their delivery. A much broader evidence base is called for, extending to studies in primary health care and the evaluation of preventive techniques.
The Ohio Substance Abuse and Mental Illness Coordinating Center of Excellence: implementation support for evidence-based practice
- Authors:
- BIEGEL David E, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 13(4), July 2003, pp.531-545.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article describes the establishment and function of the Ohio Substance Abuse and Mental Illness Coordinating Center of Excellence. This center serves as a resource for programmes providing care for individuals with co-occurring mental illness and substance abuse problems, through the provision of training and technical assistance and of research related to evidence-based treatment models. The center is a partnership between the School of Applied Social Sciences and the School of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University and is funded by the Ohio Departments of Mental Health and Alcohol & Drug Addiction Services.
The impact of contact on stigmatizing attitudes toward people with mental illness
- Authors:
- ALEXANDER Laurel A., LINK Bruce G.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 12(3), June 2003, pp.271-289.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
A growing body of research suggests that personal experience with people who have a mental illness can reduce stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness. However, the generalizability of these findings has been restrained by their samples and operational definitions of contact and stigma. This research seeks to test the contact-stigma link using a nationally representative sample and comprehensive measures of both contact and stigma. Data were collected in a 1990 American telephone survey of attitudes towards homelessness and homeless people with mental illnesses. By telephone, 1507 respondents completed measures of the perceived dangerousness of people with mental illnesses and their contact experiences with mental illness. A subsample of 640 respondents was read a vignette of a character with mental illness and then completed measures of their desired social distance from the character and the perceived dangerousness of the character. All respondents completed measures of political conservatism, social desirability, and anomia as well. As total contact increased, the perceived dangerousness and desired social distance from the vignette character decreased, as did the perceived dangerousness of people with mental illnesses in general. However, the contact types did not consistently predict the vignette stigma measures. While more research is needed to clarify and extend these findings, this study provides strong evidence for the importance of different contact types in reducing stigmatizing attitudes and the potential usefulness of incorporating contact into any stigma reduction intervention.
Drug and alcohol misuse among in-patients with psychotic illnesses in three inner-London psychiatric units
- Authors:
- PHILLIPS Prashant, JOHNSON Sonia
- Journal article citation:
- Psychiatric Bulletin, 27(6), June 2003, pp.217-220.
- Publisher:
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
Ward staff were asked to rate whether in-patients with a diagnosis of functional psychotic illness also met criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol or drug misuse or dependence during the preceding 6 months. Those who demonstrated such evidence were then asked to report the nature and extent of their substance use and whether they continued to use as in-patients. 264 in-patients with psychotic illness were screened for evidence of recent or current alcohol or drug misuse. According to staff reports, 127 (48.9%) met the criteria for substance misuse or dependence. The mean age of those with 'dual diagnosis' was 34.7 years and 72% were male. Eighty-three (83%) of those with a history of current or recent alcohol or drug misuse reported that they had continued to use alcohol and/or illicit drugs in the in-patient wards during their current admission. It appears difficult to prevent in-patients with drug or alcohol misuse problems from continuing to use substances in hospital. Further consideration and investigation of how best to manage this group is therefore required.
Social work education and mental health in a changing world
- Author:
- KARBAN Kate
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Education (The International Journal), 22(2), April 2003, pp.191-202.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This paper addresses a number of issues concerning the future prospects for social work and mental health in England and the implications of these for social work education. In particular the significance of interprofessional practice and education are examined and these are located within the wider context of the social work contribution to mental health services. The experience of social work in promoting the interests and involvement of service users and carers and of working within a holistic model are also be recognised. The particular value of the social work contribution to mental health in both mental health and non-mental health settings is emphasised and attention is paid to how this could be strengthened and extended in the light of the opportunities for positive and creative developments offered by the introduction of the new 3-year degree. These will include the development of shared learning with other professional groups and the need to prepare social work students for practice within a rapidly changing world.
Social work and child and adolescent mental health
- Author:
- WALKER Steven
- Publisher:
- Russell House
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 161p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Lyme Regis
This book addresses the input that social workers need to make to support the mental health of vulnerable children and young people. It embraces methods of evidence-based practice and the psycho-social core of social work. The author helps social workers to use evidence effectively, in order to ensure that the mental health of the most vulnerable children is developed and safeguarded.
Interventions for mental health: an evidence-based approach for physiotherapists and occupational therapists
- Editor:
- EVERETT Tina
- Publisher:
- Butterworth-Heinemann
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 295p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- London
This book provides a text for students and physiotherapists in mental health and provides occupational therapists with an additional text focussing on a range of therapeutic interventions, including physical activities and complementary therapies. It relates PT and OT techniques to specific areas within mental health, e.g. child psychiatry, sexual abuse, self-harm, eating disorders, substance misuse, forensic psychiatry, mental illness in old age, and chronic fatigue and highlights interventions such as complementary therapies and physical activities.
Evidence-based practices in mental health care
- Editors:
- DRAKE Robert, GOLDMAN Howard
- Publisher:
- American Psychiatric Association
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 115p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Arlington, VA
Reprinted articles from the American Psychiatric Association: implementing evidence-based practices (EBP) in routine mental health service settings; EBP for persons with severe mental illnesses; strategies for disseminating EBP to staff who treat people with serious mental illness; integrating EBP and the recovery model; supported employment as an EBP; dual diagnosis services for clients with severe mental illness; moving assertive community treatment Into standard practice. EBP for services to families of people with psychiatric disabilities; a focus on guidelines and algorithms.; EBP in child and adolescent services and in geriatric mental health care
Expert briefings in mental health: putting research evidence within your reach
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department of Health. National Institute for Mental Health in England
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department of Health. National Institute for Mental Health in Eng
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- loose leaves
- Place of publication:
- London
Series of research briefings consisting of literature reviews and consultations with a panels of experts, Briefings include: women-only and women-sensitive mental health services; employment for people with mental health problems; early intervention in psychosis; post qualifying training; self help interventions.