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Hearing young people talk about witnessing domestic violence: exploring feelings, coping strategies and pathways to recovery
- Author:
- COLLIS Susan
- Publisher:
- Jessica Kingsley
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 160p.
- Place of publication:
- London
It is estimated that at least 750,000 children a year worldwide witness domestic violence and as a result grow up with an increased risk of developing symptoms associated with trauma and behavioural and mental health problems. Five young people who have been victims of domestic violence speak out about their lives. The cases provide insight into how their experiences have affected their emotional behaviour, the complexities of issues related to it and those aspects of support which provide the greatest benefit to them. Drawing on her personal experience of domestic violence as well as her professional expertise, the author emphasises the importance of giving voice to victims of domestic violence and highlights the importance of acknowledging the emotional and spiritual lives of victims in order to provide holistic support and understanding. The chapters include; it's OK to talk, stories, voices, fearfulness, competency in coping, views of relationships, visions of spirituality, and helping into wholeness.
The mediating role of self-regulation between intrafamilial violence and mental health adjustment in incarcerated male adolescents
- Authors:
- PERKINS Suzanne C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(7), May 2012, pp.1199-1224.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Intrafamilial violence is often a precursor to later mental health problems in children. Self-regulation and cognitive processing deficits are related to both intrafamilial violence and mental health problems and may mediate the relation between those 2 constructs. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between history of intrafamilial violence and self-regulatory capacity, cognitive processing, and mental health adjustment in incarcerated adolescents. The sample consisted of 115 males aged 13-20 years who were incarcerated for various violent offenses. The study was conducted during 2 sessions at a juvenile facility in the Midwest using survey measures, academic and intelligence testing, and cognitive tasks. Significant Pearson’s correlations were found between 7 out of 8 mental health subscales of the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and intrafamilial violence history. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the role of cognitive processing in the association between intrafamilial violence and mental health function. Nonverbal or performance deficits, a significant difference between verbal skills and nonverbal skills, were related to intrafamilial violence. Self-regulation partially mediated the relation between intrafamilial violence and mental health function. The findings indicates that self-regulation ability may be compromised by intrafamilial violence and be a precursor to both internalising and externalising mental health problem in incarcerated youth.
Exploring the relationship between intimate partner violence, childhood abuse and psychiatric disorders among female drug users in Barcelona
- Authors:
- GILCHRIST Gail, BLÁZQUEZ Alicia, TORRENS Marta
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 5(2), 2012, pp.46-58.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Histories of psychiatric disorders, intimate partner violence and childhood abuse are common in female substance users in treatment. Research suggests that such histories result in poorer treatment outcomes. This study investigated the relationship between intimate partner violence, childhood abuse and psychiatric disorders among 118 female drug users in treatment in Barcelona, Spain. The risk of experiencing intimate partner violence were nearly 2.5 times greater among those with any depressive disorder, over three times greater for those who reported ever attempting suicide, met criteria for borderline personality disorder, had been abused in childhood or currently lived with a substance user. Only living with a substance user and a history of childhood abuse remained significant in the model examining intimate partner violence victimisation. The authors concluded that histories of intimate partner violence and childhood abuse should be identified and addressed in substance abuse treatment to enhance treatment outcomes.
Curiosity lies in wait for every secret
- Author:
- HOLLY Jennifer
- Journal article citation:
- Druglink, 27(1), January 2012, pp.16-17.
- Publisher:
- Drugscope
- Place of publication:
- London
Women with substance misuse and mental health problems often also experience a high level of domestic violence in their lives. The author looks at the risks and reminds agencies to support workers to effectively assess the risk of further violence.
Disproportionate exposure to early-life adversity and sexual orientation disparities in psychiatric morbidity
- Authors:
- MCLAUGHLIN Katie A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 36(9), 2012, pp.645-655.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations exhibit higher rates of psychiatric disorders compared to heterosexuals. This study investigated the role of exposure to early-life victimisation and adversity in explaining sexual orientation disparities in mental health among young people. Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (2001–2002) a nationally representative survey. Participants included 227 gay/lesbian, 245 bisexual, and 13,490 heterosexual young people, aged 18 to 27. The study examined differences in the prevalence of exposure to child physical or sexual abuse and physical and sexual intimate partner violence according to sexual orientation. Findings indicated that gay/lesbian and bisexual respondents had higher levels of psychopathology than heterosexuals across all outcomes. Gay/lesbian respondents had higher odds of exposure to child abuse, and bisexual respondents had higher odds of exposure to child abuse and intimate partner violence than heterosexuals. Exposure to victimisation and adversity in childhood significantly mediated the association of both gay/lesbian and bisexual orientation with depressive symptoms, tobacco use, and alcohol abuse. The authors concluded that exposure to victimisation in early-life relationships explained, in part, sexual orientation disparities in a wide range of mental health and substance use outcomes.
Unsung heroes: developing a better understanding of the emotional support needs of service families
- Author:
- FOSSEY Matt
- Publisher:
- Centre for Mental Health
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 32p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This brief report looks at some of the pressing issues that affect the families of serving personnel and veterans, particularly those of recent conflicts. Focusing on evidence from the UK, it draws together what is known about how the families and children of Service personnel are supported to deal with the emotional and psychological impact of deployment and training. It examines the services already in place for families and identifies areas where more evidence is necessary. It concentrates on 4 areas of particular interest: the importance of family; alcohol and families; domestic violence; and mental health. The report looks at the practical initiatives to support service families in housing, health care and education, and calls for more research to be conducted around the impact of mental health problems on families and the effectiveness of existing family support, the impact on Service families of alcohol misuse and domestic violence. It concludes by making a series of recommendations as to where further research should be conducted and how services should be configured to meet the needs of Service families.
Co-occurring mental health problems among substance dependent offenders of intimate partner violence
- Author:
- EASTON Caroline J.
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 5(2), 2012, pp.86-93.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This study investigated the differences between substance dependent men who were arrested for intimate partner violence (IPV) with and without concurrent psychiatric problems. Sixty three participants from Connecticut, United States, were randomly assigned to manual-guided group Substance Abuse-Domestic Violence (SADV) therapies or drug counselling and assessed after 12 weeks of treatment. Twenty three per cent reported prior mental health treatment. SADV participants with co-occurring mental health were different than SADV participants without co-occurring mental health symptoms on both baseline and post-treatment time periods. SADV participants with co-occurring mental health symptoms had more pre-treatment impairments, more drug use during treatment, a trend for more problems with aggressive behaviours throughout treatment and significantly more impairments in anger control subscales at post treatment compared to SADV participants without co-occurring mental health symptoms. The authors concluded that there was a need to target and treat co-occurring psychiatric symptoms and distress among SADV offenders.
A question of commitment – improving practitioner responses to domestic and sexual violence, problematic substance use and mental ill-health
- Authors:
- HOLLY Jennifer, HORVATH Miranda A.H.
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 5(2), 2012, pp.59-67.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The Against Violence & Abuse project aims to develop good practice for responding to survivors and perpetrators of abuse who also have a dual diagnosis. This article reviews what is already understood to be best practice in this area, and presents the initial learning from the project evaluation. In line with other research, levels of routine enquiry or enquiry about experiences of violence were low amongst staff from all organisations participating in the project. In comparison staff seemed somewhat more likely to enquire about substance misuse and mental health issues. Wide variation in attendance at training was found with a complex relationship between training and confidence emerging. The authors concluded that a lot more training, organisational support and research is needed to ensure that professionals who have contact with women who have experienced abuse, have mental health or substance use problems are asking their clients about all three issues, ensuring victims with complex needs having access to the necessary protection and support.
Home supervision requirements: messages from research
- Authors:
- GADDA Andressa, FITZPATRICK John Paul
- Publisher:
- Centre for Excellence for Looked After Children in Scotland
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 12p.
- Place of publication:
- Glasgow
This briefing summarises key findings of research on Home Supervision Requirements (HSRs) in Scotland. A HSR is a type of legal supervision order which is unique to the Scottish system of child legislation. Children who are subject to an HSR are ‘looked after’ by a local authority whilst still living at home with a parent or relevant person. A social worker is allocated to the case in order to ensure that the terms of the requirement are being met. It summarises knowledge from existing research and incorporates new evidence from a recent study exploring views and experiences of young people, their parents and social workers with this type of intervention. The briefing suggests that children who are subject to an HSR have typically been known to social work services for a number of years before being placed on compulsory supervision. Families experience multiple, chronic problems such as domestic violence, drug and alcohol abuse, mental health problems and financial difficulties. The needs of children who are subject to an HSR are similar, if not the same, as those who are ‘looked after’ away from home.
Exploring the experiences of parents and carers whose children have been subject to Child Protection Plans
- Authors:
- GHAFFAR Wendy, MANBY Martin, RACE Tracey
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 42(5), 2012, pp.887-905.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Child protection investigations are likely to be traumatic events that seriously disrupt family life. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of families subject to Child Protection Plans in 3 local authorities in Northern England in 2009. Detailed semi-structured interviews were held with 47 parents from 42 families. Twenty-five of these parents highlighted domestic abuse and mental health issues and 21 identified drug or alcohol issues as impacting negatively on their parenting. Most parents had positive experiences of help with drug or alcohol issues, and but the parents experiencing domestic abuse or allegations of child sexual abuse were less positive. Parents had a clear understanding of the responsibilities of child protection social workers. Three-quarters of families were able to identify positive qualities in the professionals who supported them. They did not expect an equal role in decision making. Parents' and professionals' views tended to converge over time. Absorbing information at the start of the process was difficult for many parents. Most found case conferences daunting and intimidating, and reports often reached them too late. The findings demonstrate the potential for positive outcomes through child protection interventions.