Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC) in the assessment of psychopathology in Finnish children with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- KOSKENTAUSTA Terhi, ALMQVIST Fredrik
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 29(1), March 2004, pp.27-39.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study evaluates the Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC) in the assessment of psychopathology in a Finnish population of children with intellectual disability. Disruptive behaviour was more common in children with mild intellectual disability, and problems with social interaction and communication in those with moderate, severe or profound intellectual disability. The frequency of psychiatric disturbances was approximately 34 percent, with the highest rate occurring in children with moderate intellectual disability. Compared with the original standardisation data published by Einfeld and Tonge (1994), the mean Total Behaviour Problem Score (TBPS) and frequency of psychiatric disturbance were lower. This study suggests that the DBC is a good instrument for discriminating between children with intellectual disability with and without emotional or psychiatric disturbance.
Childhood physical abuse and emotional neglect are specifically associated with adult mental disorders
- Authors:
- SALOKANGAS Raimo K. R,., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 29(4), 2020, pp.376-384.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: Childhood adversities and trauma (CAT) are associated with adult mental disorders. Nevertheless, although CAT of different domains mostly co-occurs, and co-morbidity is common, the associations between CAT and mental disorders, when taking these interrelations into account, are not well known. Aims: the researchers aimed to study differential associations between the five core domains of CAT and current axis-I disorders, taking into consideration their interrelations. Methods: Four hundred and fifteen outpatients attending adult primary (n = 255) and psychiatric care (n = 160) were assessed with the Trauma and Distress Scale (TADS) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Associations between CAT core domains and diagnostic categories were examined by path analyses. Results: At least some infrequent experience of CAT (83.6%), mostly of neglect, and current mental disorders (49.4%), mostly depression, was frequent, as were co-morbidities and co-occurrence of CAT domains. Considering these interrelations in a path model of excellent fit, physical abuse predicted depressive, manic, psychotic and anxiety disorders, whereas emotional neglect predicted depressive, anxiety and substance misuse disorders. Conclusions: Of all five CAT core domains, physical abuse and emotional neglect had the strongest association with adult psychiatric disorders and might have transmitted earlier reported main effects of other CAT domains onto mental disorders. (Edited publisher abstract)
Cumulative incidence of mental disorders among offspring of mothers with psychotic disorder; results from the Helsinki High-Risk Study
- Authors:
- NIEMI Laura T., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 185(1), July 2004, pp.11-17.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The Helsinki High-Risk Study follows up all women born between 1916 and 1948 and treated for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in psychiatric hospitals in Helsinki, their offspring born between 1960 and 1964, and controls. The aim was to determine the cumulative incidence of adulthood Axis I disorders among offspring. Using all hospital and out-patient treatment records we rediagnosed parents and offspring according to DSM–IV–TR criteria. Offspring were grouped by mother’s diagnosis (schizophrenia n=104, schizoaffective disorder n=20, other schizophrenia-spectrum disorder n=30, and affective disorder n=25) and compared with a control group (n=176). The cumulative incidences of Axis I disorders among offspring were calculated. The cumulative incidences of any psychotic disorder were 13.5%, 10.0%, 10.0%, 4.0% and 1.1% among offspring of mothers with schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder, other schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, affective disorders and controls, respectively. The corresponding figures for schizophrenia were 6.7%, 5.0%, 6.7%, 0% and 0.6%, and for any mental disorder 23.1%, 20.0%, 20.0%, 12.0% and 6.9%. Offspring of mothers with a psychotic disorder have heightened risk of developing a wide range of severe mental disorders.
Nursing home suicides: a psychological autopsy study
- Authors:
- SOUMINEN Kirsi, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(12), December 2003, pp.1095-1101.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Older adults comprise a fifth of all suicides. Elders are the fastest growing part of the population, thus the number of persons needing nursing home care will increase dramatically in the near future. Little information has been available about suicides in nursing homes. The present study described all suicides among older adults in nursing homes in Finland during a 12-month period emphasizing the factors that have been found to be associated with suicide in the general elderly population. Drawing on data from a psychological autopsy study of all suicides (n=1397) in Finland during one year, all suicides committed by patients in nursing homes were identified. Retrospective DSM-IV consensus diagnoses were assigned. Twelve elderly (aged 60 years or more) nursing home residents who died by suicide, 0.9% of all suicides, were identified. The primary finding of the present study was that nursing home residents who died by suicide had suffered from highly comorbid somatopsychiatric disorders. One or more diagnoses on Axis I were made for all who died by suicide in nursing home. Depressive syndrome was diagnosed in three-quarters of subjects. Only a third of these were identified to have suffered from depressive symptoms before their death. Early recognition and adequate treatment of both somatic diseases and mental disorders, particularly depression, as well as early recognition of suicide risk among nursing home residents, are needed in order to prevent suicide.