Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Controversies in psychiatry and DSM-5: the relevance for social work
- Authors:
- LITTRELL Jill, LACASSE Jeffrey R.
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 93(4), October 2012, pp.265-269.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
In this essay, the authors address recent controversies surrounding the forthcoming 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the first major revision of the DSM since 1994. The essay reports that mental health professionals across a wide range of professions in the US have signed a petition to the DSM-5 Task Force asking for reconsideration of its intention to loosen and expand criteria for a variety of diagnoses, and notes that critiques of psychiatric medications are increasingly disseminated in the media. It suggests that these issues have particular relevance for children in foster care, who receive diagnoses and medication at high rates. It also discusses diagnoses and the relationship between academic psychiatry and the pharmaceutical industry in the US. The authors argue that it is important that social work practitioners are informed about these issues, and consider implications and potential action strategies for social workers.
Symptoms of mental health and psychotropic drug use among old people in geriatric care, changes between 1982 and 2000
- Authors:
- LOVHEIM Hugo, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(3), March 2008, pp.289-294.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Some major changes have occurred in the care of older people in institutions providing geriatric care from a few decades ago to today. How these changes regarding organization, diagnosis and pharmacological treatment, have affected the mental health of the population in general remains unclear. The prevalence of symptoms of mental health in two comparable cross-sectional surveys from 1982 and 2000 were studied. The study population consisted of all the people aged 65 years or older living in geriatric care units in the county of Västerbotten, in northern Sweden. Multivariate regression was used to correct for the effect of change in demographic structure. Six out of 14 symptoms showed a significant decrease, correcting for demographical changes. These were, expressed as descriptions of behaviours, Sad, Crying, Fearful, Disturbed and restless, Lacking initiative and Does not cooperate. Two symptoms showed a significant increase, Overactive/manic and Hallucinates visually. The use of antidepressants had increased from 6.3% 1982 to 39.9% 2000. The use of minor tranquillizers had increased from 13.2% to 39.2% and the prevalence of antipsychotic use had decreased from 25.1% to 20.5%. This article clearly shows that the prevalence of several important symptoms and behaviours in a geriatric care population have decreased over the course of eighteen years, correcting for demographical changes. This might at least partly be accounted for by today's more widespread use of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.
In search of certainty: risk management in a biological age
- Author:
- ROSE Nikolas
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Mental Health, 4(3), September 2005, pp.14-22.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The combinations of heightened emphasis on risk and its management in mental health, the precautionary principle, the idea of genetic susceptibility, advances in screening technology, and the promise of preventative pharmaceutical intervention is highly potent, especially in a world in which preventative prescription of psychiatric medication has become routine. Psychiatric professionals are given the obligation of governing, and being governed, in the name of risk, and in a political and public sphere suffused by the dread of insecurity. But there are risks in seeking to govern risk in a biological age. The author argues that the public, politicians and professionals alike might do better to refuse the demands of risk, and learn to live with uncertainty.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management: CG72
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2016
This guideline makes recommendations for the diagnosis and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, young people and adults. It aims to improve the diagnosis and the quality of care and support for people with ADHD and updates NICE guideline CG72 (published September 2008). The document provides guidance on: prerequisites of treatment and care for all people with ADHD; identification, pre-diagnostic intervention in the community and referral to secondary services; diagnosis of ADHD; post-diagnostic advice; treatment for children and young people; transition to adult services; treatment of adults with ADHD; and how to use drugs for the treatment of ADHD. The main updates to the guidance cover recommendations about dietary advice. The guideline was previously called 'Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management of ADHD in children, young people and adults.' (Edited publisher abstract)
Bipolar disorder: the assessment and management of bipolar disorder in adults, children and young people in primary and secondary care: CG185
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
This guideline covers the recognition, assessment and management of bipolar disorder in children, young people and adults. It includes specific recommendations for diagnosis in children and young people because presentation in these age groups can be complicated by other conditions such as ADHD. The recommendations apply to people with bipolar I, bipolar II, mixed affective and rapid cycling disorders. The guideline highlights the key priorities for implementation in relation to: care across all phases of bipolar disorder; recognising and managing bipolar disorder in adults in primary care; managing mania or hypomania in adults in secondary care; managing bipolar depression in adults in secondary care; managing bipolar disorder in adults in the longer term in secondary care; and recognising, diagnosing and managing bipolar disorder in children and young people. (Edited publisher abstract)
Depression in adults quality standard: QS8
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
This quality standard covers the assessment and clinical management of persistent subthreshold depressive symptoms, or mild, moderate or severe depression in adults (including people with a chronic physical health problem). It describes markers of high-quality, cost-effective care that, when delivered collectively, should contribute to improving the effectiveness, safety and experience of care for people with depression in the following ways: preventing people from dying prematurely; enhancing quality of life for people with long-term conditions; helping people to recover from episodes of ill health or following injury; ensuring that people have a positive experience of care; and treating and caring for people in a safe environment and protecting them from avoidable harm. (Edited publisher abstract)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management of ADHD in children, young people and adults: CG72
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2013
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
This guideline makes recommendations for the diagnosis and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, young people and adults. ADHD is a heterogeneous behavioural syndrome characterised by the core symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. The document provides guidance on: prerequisites of treatment and care for all people with ADHD; identification, pre-diagnostic intervention in the community and referral to secondary services; diagnosis of ADHD; post-diagnostic advice; treatment for children and young people; transition to adult services; treatment of adults with ADHD; and how to use drugs for the treatment of ADHD. This guideline was originally published in 2008, updated in 2013 and 2016. It now has the revised title of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management (CG72). (Edited publisher abstract)
Dosed up...let down?
- Author:
- FERNANDEZ Ana Olea
- Journal article citation:
- Professional Social Work, September 2012, pp.18-20.
- Publisher:
- British Association of Social Workers
The author, a frontline social worker, looks at the need for social workers to advocate on behalf of looked-after children in instances where their psychiatric diagnosis, the medications prescribed, may be inappropriate and just a way of overlooking underlying problems. The dangers of misinterpreting the effects of childhood trauma as specific disorders which require anti-psychotic drugs are discussed.
Gender differences in depression: a study of older unlike-sex twins
- Authors:
- TAKKINEN S., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 8(3), May 2004, pp.187-195.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Gender differences in depressive symptoms, in the diagnosis of major/minor depression, and in the use of antidepressant medication were investigated. The sample included 249 pairs of unlike-sex twins, who were between 70 and 80 years of age at the initial, baseline assessment. A follow-up, in which both members of 145 twin pairs participated, was carried out four years later. Participants completed the Centre for the Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for depressive symptoms. Current use of antidepressant medicine was assessed. Medical records of major/minor depression from the period 1985-1998, including a summary of those diagnoses in earlier years, were gathered from several sources. Women had a higher frequency of depressive symptoms and depression diagnoses than their twin brothers. Depressive symptoms and diagnosis of depression increased over time, slightly more among men. The gender difference and increase over time in the depressive symptoms were related to differences in socio-economic status and physical functioning in men and women. No gender difference was found in the use of antidepressant medication.
The pathology and pharmacology of mental illness
- Authors:
- WILBOURN Mark, PROSSER Sylvia
- Publisher:
- Nelson Thornes
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 238p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Cheltenham
The book lays the foundation for learning by introducing the principles of pharmacology and how the body deals with drugs, followed by practice-focused chapters that follow ICD-10 diagnostic group criteria. The book provides an insight into the physical basis of mental illness and the pharmacological treatments available.